References
- Abdul-Rassoul, M.S. & Al-Mallo, I.M. (2016) First record of nigra scale, Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner, 1861) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) as a pest of fig trees in Iraq. Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum, 14, 171–178.
- Ben-Dov, Y. (1978) Taxonomy of the nigra scale, Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), with observations on mass rearing and parasites of an Israeli strain. Phytoparasitica, 6, 115–127. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02981211
- EPPO (2002) Diagnostic protocols for regulated pests – Parasaissetia nigra, PM 7/12 (1). Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin, 32, 241–243. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2338.2002.00585.x
- EPPO (2005) EPPO Standards: diagnostic PM 7/51. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin, 35, 271–273. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2005.00841.x
- EPPO (2025) Parasaissetia nigra (SAISNI): Distribution. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization, Paris. Available from: https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/SAISNI/distribution (accessed 14 January 2026)
- García Morales, M., Denno, B.D., Miller, D.R., Miller, G.L., Ben-Dov, Y. & Hardy, N.B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: https://scalenet.info (accessed 17 January 2026)
- Germain, J.-F. (2003) Parasaissetia nigra, hôte méconnu sur la Côte d’Azur. PHM – Revue Horticole, 449, 32–35.
- He, X., Han, Y. & Wu, S. (2018) A new species of Leptopulvinaria Kanda from China, with a key to species (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Coccidae). ZooKeys, 781, 59–66. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.781.25713
- Hou, Y.-F., Wei, J.-F., Zhao, T.-Y., Li, C.-F. & Wang, F. (2023) First complete mitochondrial genome of the tribe Coccini (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Coccidae) and its phylogenetic implications. ZooKeys, 1180, 333–354. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1180.109116
- Kakhkhorova, K. & Sobirov, O. (2025) Zoogeographic distribution and host plant relationships of Coccidae species in the Fergana valley, eastern Uzbekistan (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha). Fragmenta entomologica, 57 (2), 205–212. https://doi.org/10.13133/2284-4880/1805
- Kahrer, A. & Hodgson, C.J. (2024) A new species of the soft scale insect genus Pulvinaria Targioni Tozzetti (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) on Rhododendron spp. in Northern Europe. Zootaxa, 5512 (2), 233–239. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5512.2.7
- Kondo, T. & Watson, G.W. (Eds.) (2022) Encyclopedia of Scale Insect Pests. CABI, Wallingford, 608 pp. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781800620643.0000
- Mrabti, I., Benzahra, H., Grijja, H., Najiba, B., Rabea, Z., Afechtal, M. & Watson, G.W. (2025) First record of nigra scale, Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner, 1861) (Hemiptera: Coccidae), in Morocco. Zootaxa, 5696 (4), 597–600. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5696.4.8
- Nietner, J. (1861) Observations on the enemies of the coffee tree in Ceylon. Ceylon Times office, Ceylon, 31 pp.
- Wang, X., Xie, Y., Zhang, Y., Liu, W. & Xiong, Q. (2018) Antennal sensilla of Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) in different instars. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 274, 103–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2018.01.009
