Abstract
Paroxythyreus gen. nov. and its type species P. stilleri sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Phymatinae: Macrocephalini) from South Africa are described and illustrated. The metathoracic gland system and evaporative areas in the Reduviidae and Phymatinae are briefly discussed. A unique area of modified cuticle on the metapleuron of P. stilleri is reported and its possible function discussed.
References
- Brindley, M.D.H. (1930) On the metasternal scent glands of certain Heteroptera. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 78 (2), 199–207. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1930.tb00383.x
- Carayon, J. (1962) Observations sur l’appareil odorifique des Hétéroptères. Particulièrement celui des Tingidae, Vianaididae et Piesmatidae. Cahiers des Naturalistes, New Series, 18, 1–16.
- Carayon, J. (1971) Notes et documents sur l’appareil odorant métathoracique des Hémiptères. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, New Series, 7, 737–770. https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1971.12277789
- Carayon, J. & Villiers, A. (1968) Etude sur les Hémiptères Pachynomidae. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, New Series, 4 (3), 703–739. https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1968.12278078
- Kälin, M. & Barrett, F.M. (1975) Observations on the anatomy, histology, release site, and function of Brindley’s glands in the blood sucking bug, Rhodnius prolixus (Heteroptera: Reduviidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 68 (1), 126–134. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/68.1.126
- Kment, P. & Vilímová, J. (2010) Thoracic scent efferent system of Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): a review of terminology. Zootaxa, 2706 (1), 1–77. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2706.1.1
- Masonick, P.K., Knyshov, A., Gordon, E.R.L., Forero, D., Hwang, W.S., Hoey-Chamberlain, R., Bush, T., Castillo, S., Hernandez, M., Ramirez, J., Standring, S., Zhang, J. & Weirauch, C. (2024) A revised classification of the assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) based on combined analysis of phylogenomic and morphological data. Systematic Entomology, 50 (1), 102–138. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12646
- Picciotti, U., Valverde-Urrea, M., Garganese, F., Lopez-Moya, F., Foubelo, F., Porcelli, F. & Lopez-Llorca, L.V. (2023) Brindley’s glands volatilome of the predator Zelus renardii interacting with Xylella vectors. Insects, 14 (520), 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects14060520
- Raska, J. (2009) Function of metathoracic scent glands in terrestrial Heteroptera. Bachelor Thesis, Pøírodovìdecká fakulta, Katedra Zoologie, Univerzita Karlova, Praze, 37 pp.
- Schofield, C.J. & Upton, C.P. (1978) Brindley’s scent glands and the metasternal scent glands of Panstrongylus megistus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 38 (3), 665–678.
- Rédei, D. & Jindra, Z. (2013) A new genus and species of ambush bugs from South Africa (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Phymatinae). Zootaxa, 3721 (1), 79–84. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3721.1.4
- Staddon, B.W. (1979) The scent glands of Heteroptera. Advances in Insect Physiology, 14, 351–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2806(08)60055-7
- Van Doesburg, P.H. & Jacobs, D.H. (2011) A new Themonocoris from South Africa (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Phymatinae: Themonocorini). Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 85 (3), 55–67.
- Van Doesburg, P.H. & Pluot-Sigwalt, D. (2007) Notes on Phymatinae (Insecta: Heteroptera: Reduviidae). The genus Oxythyreus Westwood, 1841. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 81 (3), 85–99.
- Weirauch, C. (2006) Metathoracic glands and associated evaporatory structures in Reduvioidea (Hemiptera: Cimicomorpha), with observation on the mode of function of the metacoxal comb. European Journal of Entomology, 103 (1), 97–108. https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2006.015
- Westwood, J.O. (1941) Observations upon Hemipterous Insects composing Genus Syrtis of Fabricius, or Family Phymatites of Laporte, with a Monograph of the Genus Macrocephalus. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 3, 18–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1841.tb03246.x
