Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5432 No. 2: 28 Mar. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-03-28
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5432.2.3
Page range: 179-212
Abstract views: 12
PDF downloaded: 0

Nine new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer (Araneae: Pholcidae) from South Korea

Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture; College of Agriculture & Life Sciences; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon; 24341; Korea
Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture; College of Agriculture & Life Sciences; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon; 24341; Korea
Korea Institute of Spider and Ecology; Seoul; 08596; Korea
Climate Change and Environmental Biology Research Division; National Institute of Biological Resources; Incheon; 22689; Korea
Climate Change and Environmental Biology Research Division; National Institute of Biological Resources; Incheon; 22689; Korea
Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture; College of Agriculture & Life Sciences; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon; 24341; Korea; Department of Plant Medicine; Division of Bio-Resource Science; College of Agriculture & Life Sciences; Kangwon National University; Kangwondaehakgil 1; Chuncheon; 24341; Korea
Araneae cellar spiders Korean Peninsula phungiformes-group taxonomy

Abstract

Nine new species belonging to the Pholcus phungiformes-group are described from Korea, viz., Pholcus chugok Lee & Lee, sp. nov., Pholcus noeun Lee & Lee, sp. nov., Pholcus wonju Lee & Lee, sp. nov., Pholcus ungyo Lee & Lee, sp. nov., Pholcus hwangjeong Lee & Lee, sp. nov., Pholcus gimsatgat Lee & Lee, sp. nov., Pholcus solchi Lee & Lee, sp. nov., Pholcus mino Lee & Lee, sp. nov., and Pholcus maepo Lee & Lee, sp. nov. These new species were found from mountainous habitats in Gangwon-do and Chungcheongbuk-do, the northeastern regions of South Korea where the two major mountain ranges (Taebaeksan mountains and Sobaeksan mountains) are located together. Detailed descriptions, photographs, and a distribution map for the new species are provided with notes on their intraspecific variations of copulatory organs.

References

  1. Borzée, A., Santos, J.L., Sánchez-RamÍrez, S., Bae, Y., Heo, K., Jang, Y. & Jowers, M.J. (2017) Phylogeographic and population insights of the Asian common toad (Bufo gargarizans) in Korea and China: population isolation and expansions as response to the ice ages. Peer J, 5, e4044. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4044
  2. Choe, H., Thorne, J.H. & Seo, C. (2016) Mapping national plant biodiversity patterns in South Korea with the MARS species distribution model. PLoS ONE, 11 (3), e0149511. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149511
  3. Choi, S.W. (2004) Trends in butterfly species richness in response to the peninsular effect in South Korea. Journal of Biogeography, 31, 587–592. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.01007.x
  4. Chung, M.Y., López-Pujol, J. & Chung, M.G. (2017) The role of the Baekdudaegan (Korean Peninsula) as a major glacial refugium for plant species: a priority for conservation. Biological Conservation, 206, 236–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2016.11.040
  5. Chung, M.Y., Son, S., Suh, G.U., Herrando-Moraira, S., Lee, C.H., López-Pujol, J. & Chung, M.G. (2018) The Korean Baekdudaegan Mountains: a glacial refugium and a biodiversity hotspot that need to be conserved. Frontiers in Genetics, 9, 489. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2018.00489
  6. Huber, B.A. (2011) Revision and cladistic analysis of Pholcus and closely related taxa (Araneae, Pholcidae). Bonner Zoologische Monographien, 58, 1–509.
  7. Huber, B.A., Koh, J.K.H., Ghazali, A.R.M., Braima, K.A., Nuñeza, O.M., Leh Moi Ung, C. & Petcharad, B. (2016) New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 200, 1–45. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2016.200
  8. Huber, B.A., Meng, G.L., Valdez-Mondragón, A., Král, J., Ávila Herrera, I. & Carvalho, L.S. (2023) Short-legged daddy-long-leg spiders in North America: the genera Pholcophora and Tolteca (Araneae, Pholcidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 880, 1–89. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.909.2351
  9. Huber, B.A., Pérez-González, A., Astrin, J.J., Blume, C. & Baptista, R. (2013) Litoporus iguassuensis Mello-Leitão, 1918 (Araneae, Pholcidae): camouflaged retreat, sexual dimorphism, female color polymorphism, intra-specific genital variation, and description of the male. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 252, 511–521. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.909.2351
  10. Jang, C.M., Bae, Y.S., Lee, S.Y., Yoo, J.S. & Kim, S.T. (2023) Five new species of the Pholcus phungiformes species group (Araneae, Pholcidae) from South Korea. Zookeys, 1178, 97–114. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1178.104780
  11. Kim, G. & Hwang, U.W. (2023) The population genetic structure and phylogeographic dispersal of Nodularia breviconcha in the Korean Peninsula based on COⅠ and 16S rRNA genes. PLoS ONE, 18 (7), e0288518. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288518
  12. Kim, I.S. (1997) Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna & flora of Korea Vol. 37. Freshwater Fishes. Ministry of Education, Seoul, 518 pp.
  13. Kim, J.P. & Kim, T.W. (2016) One new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805 (Aranea [sic]: Pholcidea [sic]) from Korea. Korean Arachnology, 32 (2), 13–20.
  14. Kim, J.P. & Ye, S.H. (2015) A new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Korea. Korean Arachnology, 31 (2), 73–80.
  15. Kwon, S., Kim, J., Lee, E.H. & Jung, C.Y. (2016) Understanding Korea Series. No. 7. Geography of Korea. The Academy of Korean Studies, Seongnam, 276 pp.
  16. Koch, C.L. (1850) Übersicht des Arachnidensystems. Heft 5. J. L. Lotzbeck, Nürnberg, 77 pp.
  17. Lee, J.G., Lee, J.H., Choi, D.Y., Park, S.J., Kim, A.Y. & Kim, S.K. (2021a) Five new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer (Araneae: Pholcidae) from South Korea. Zootaxa, 5052 (1), 61–77. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5052.1.3
  18. Lee, J.G., Lee, J.H., Choi, D.Y., Park, S.J., Kim, A.Y. & Kim, S.K. (2021b) Four new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Korea. Journal of Species Research, 10 (1), 86–98. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5052.1.3
  19. Lee, J.G., Lee, J.H., Park, S.J., Baek, M.J. & Kim, S.K. (2022) Wrong marriage and its consequence: mismatches in three Pholcus species (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Korea. 2022 Spring International Conference of Korean Society of Applied Entomology, 2022, 68.
  20. Lu, Y., Chu, C., Zhang, X.Q., Li, S.Q. & Yao, Z.Y. (2022) Europe vs. China: Pholcus (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Yanshan-Taihang Mountains confirms uneven distribution of spiders in Eurasia. Zoological Research, 43 (4) & Supplement, 532–534 & 1–78. https://doi.org/10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.4.dwxyj202204005
  21. National Geographic Information Institute [NGII] (2020) The National Atlas of Korea Ⅱ 2020. National Geographic Information Institute, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Suwon, 252 pp. [http://nationalatlas.ngii.go.kr/pages/page_2138.php]
  22. Paik, K.Y. (1978) The Pholcidae (Araneae) of Korea. Educational Journal Kyungpook University Korea, 20, 113–135.
  23. Seo, B.K. (2014) Four new species of the genus Pholcus (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Korea. Korean Journal of Applied Entomology, 53 (4), 399–408. https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2014.10.0.059
  24. Seo, B.K. (2018) New species and records of the spider families Pholcidae, Uloboridae, Linyphiidae, Theridiidae, Phrurolithidae, and Thomisidae (Araneae) from Korea. Journal of Species Research, 7 (4), 251–290.
  25. Walckenaer, C.A. (1805) Tableau des aranéides ou caractères essentiels des tribus, genres, familles et races que renferme le genre Aranea de Linné, avec la désignation des espèces comprises dans chacune de ces divisions. De l'imprimerie de Dentu, Paris, 88 pp.
  26. World Spider Catalog (2023) World Spider Catalog, Version 24. Natural History Museum Bern. Available from: http://wsc.nmbe.ch (accessed 28 July 2023)
  27. Yao, Z.Y. & Li, S.Q. (2012) New species of the spider genus Pholcus (Araneae: Pholcidae) from China. Zootaxa, 3289 (1), 1–271. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3289.1.1
  28. Yao, Z.Y., Wang, X. & Li, S.Q. (2021) Tip of the iceberg: species diversity of Pholcus spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae) in the Changbai Mountains, northeast China. Zoological Research, 42 (3) & Supplement, 267–271 & 1–60. https://doi.org/10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2021.037
  29. Zhang, F. & Zhu, M.S. (2009) A review of the genus Pholcus (Araneae: Pholcidae) from China. Zootaxa, 2037 (1), 1–114. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2037.1.1
  30. Zhao, F.Y., Jiang, T., Yang, L., He, Q.Q., Zheng, G. & Yao, Z.Y. (2023b) Pholcid spiders of the Pholcus phungiformes species-group (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Liaoning Province, China: an overview, with description of a new species. ZooKeys, 1156, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1156.98331
  31. Zhao, F.Y., Yang, L., Zou, Q.X., Ali, A., Li, S.Q. & Yao, Z.Y. (2023a) Diversity of Pholcus spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) in China's Lüliang Mountains: an integrated morphological and molecular approach. Insects,14 (4, 364), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects14040364