Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5418 No. 4: 1 Mar. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-03-01
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5418.4.3
Page range: 339-356
Abstract views: 14
PDF downloaded: 4

Preserving a Legacy: Ensuring the Access and Conservation of the Harold (Harry) G. Fowler (1950–2018) Ant Collection and Data

Universidade Mogi das Cruzes; Laboratório de Mirmecologia do Alto Tietê; Núcleo de Ciências Ambientais; Centro Cívico; Av. Dr. Cândido Almeida e Souza; nº 200; CEP 08780-911; Mogi das Cruzes; São Paulo; Brasil
Laboratório de Hymenoptera; Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo; 04263-000; São Paulo; Brazil
Universidade Mogi das Cruzes; Laboratório de Mirmecologia do Alto Tietê; Núcleo de Ciências Ambientais; Centro Cívico; Av. Dr. Cândido Almeida e Souza; nº 200; CEP 08780-911; Mogi das Cruzes; São Paulo; Brasil
Department of Evolution; Ecology and Organismal Biology; Museum of Biological Biodiversity; The Ohio State University 1315 Kinnear Road; Columbus; OH 43212; USA
Universidade Mogi das Cruzes; Laboratório de Mirmecologia do Alto Tietê; Núcleo de Ciências Ambientais; Centro Cívico; Av. Dr. Cândido Almeida e Souza; nº 200; CEP 08780-911; Mogi das Cruzes; São Paulo; Brasil
Universidade Mogi das Cruzes; Laboratório de Mirmecologia do Alto Tietê; Núcleo de Ciências Ambientais; Centro Cívico; Av. Dr. Cândido Almeida e Souza; nº 200; CEP 08780-911; Mogi das Cruzes; São Paulo; Brasil
Universidade Mogi das Cruzes; Laboratório de Mirmecologia do Alto Tietê; Núcleo de Ciências Ambientais; Centro Cívico; Av. Dr. Cândido Almeida e Souza; nº 200; CEP 08780-911; Mogi das Cruzes; São Paulo; Brasil
Universidade Mogi das Cruzes; Laboratório de Mirmecologia do Alto Tietê; Núcleo de Ciências Ambientais; Centro Cívico; Av. Dr. Cândido Almeida e Souza; nº 200; CEP 08780-911; Mogi das Cruzes; São Paulo; Brasil
Laboratório de Morfologia e Ecologia Funcional de Formigas/AntMor; Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi; Coordenação de Ciências da Terra e Ecologia; Av. Perimetral; 1901; Terra Firme; Belém; Pará; 66077-830; Brazil
Laboratório de Morfologia e Ecologia Funcional de Formigas/AntMor; Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi; Coordenação de Ciências da Terra e Ecologia; Av. Perimetral; 1901; Terra Firme; Belém; Pará; 66077-830; Brazil
Universidade Mogi das Cruzes; Laboratório de Mirmecologia do Alto Tietê; Núcleo de Ciências Ambientais; Centro Cívico; Av. Dr. Cândido Almeida e Souza; nº 200; CEP 08780-911; Mogi das Cruzes; São Paulo; Brasil
Laboratório de Morfologia e Ecologia Funcional de Formigas/AntMor; Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi; Coordenação de Ciências da Terra e Ecologia; Av. Perimetral; 1901; Terra Firme; Belém; Pará; 66077-830; Brazil
Universidade Mogi das Cruzes; Laboratório de Mirmecologia do Alto Tietê; Núcleo de Ciências Ambientais; Centro Cívico; Av. Dr. Cândido Almeida e Souza; nº 200; CEP 08780-911; Mogi das Cruzes; São Paulo; Brasil
Hymenoptera Myrmecological Collections Myrmecofauna Preservation Vouchers Labels Digitalization Atlantic Forest

Abstract

Biological collections are important repositories of biodiversity, as they include various types of data potentially useful to different areas of science and can contribute to the establishment of biodiversity conservation policies. For a long time, scientific collections were considered only as physical databases; in this context Harold G. Fowler (1950–2018) built an ant collection at the Universidade Estadual Paulista, campus Rio Claro (São Paulo state, Brazil), over the course of a 34-year career, comprising around 20,000 ant specimens. Most specimens came from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, but many others came from distinct locations in Brazil and abroad. After his death, the collection was left without the necessary curatorial care for a period of time, which required a project to be conceived for its recovery and conservation, with the goal of incorporating it to the Zoology Museum of the University of São Paulo (MZSP). In addition to applying modern technical curation protocols, other activities such as checking, material identification and digitization of the information contained on the sample labels were carried out, forming an accurate database. This process enabled the identification of new distribution records and the discovery of possible undescribed species and unpublished natural history data. After validating this information, we counted 524 valid species and 201 morphospecies belonging to 105 genera and 10 subfamilies. In addition, we integrated technical curation activities with scientific outreach to draw the general public’s attention to the importance of biological collections, thus fostering interest in science, biodiversity and nature conservation. Our work highlights the importance of preserving the areas sampled by Fowler’s research group. The preservation of vouchers using curatorial practices reinforces the role of scientific collections as important tools for the study, understanding and preservation of biodiversity.

 

References

  1. Agosti, D., Majer, J.D., Alonso, L.E. & Schultz, T.R. (2000) Standard methods for measuring and monitoring biodiversity. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 204–206.
  2. Albuquerque, N.L. & Brandão, C.R.F. (2004) A revision of the Neotropical Solenopsidini ant genus Oxyepoecus Santschi, 1926b (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). The vezenyii species-group. Papéis avulsos de Zoologia, 44 (4), 289–309. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0031-10492004000400001
  3. Andrade-Silva, J., Baccaro, F.B., Prado, L.P., Guénard, B., Warren, D.L., Kass, J.M., Economo, E.P. & Silva, R.R. (2022) A large-scale assessment of ant diversity across the Brazilian Amazon Basin: integrating geographic, ecological and morphological drivers of sampling bias. Ecography, 9, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.06295
  4. AntWeb. Version 8.95. (2023) California Academy of Science. Available from: https://www.antweb.org (accessed 5 September 2023).
  5. Booher, D.B., Gotelli, N.J., Nelsen, M.P., Ohyama, L., Deyrup, M., Moreau, C.S. & Suarez, A.V. (2023) Six decades of museum collections reveal disruption of native ant assemblages by introduced species. Current Biology, 33, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.03.044
  6. Bolton, B. (2023) An online catalog of the ants of the world. California: California Academy of Science. Available from: https://antcat.org (accessed 5 September 2023)
  7. Borgmeier, T. (1939) Nova contribuição para o conhecimento das formigas (Hym. Formicidae). Revista de Entomologia, 10, 403–428. [in Portuguese]
  8. Brandão, C.R.F. (2015) Por uma política para a coleta de formigas na natureza. In: Suguituru, S.S., Morini, M.S.C., Feitosa, R.M. & Silva, R.R. (Eds.), Formigas do Alto Tietê. Editora Canal 6, Bauru, pp. 81–87. [in Portuguese]
  9. Brandão, C.R.F., Ramos, K.D.S., Ulysséa, M.A., Santos, A.D.D. & Andrade, T.D.O. (2021). Princípios para a curadoria técnica do acervo entomológico do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. Anais do Museu Paulista: História e Cultura Material, 29, 1–20. [in Portuguese] https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-02672021v29e31
  10. Bueno, O.C. & Campos, A.E.C. (2017) Registros de invasões de formigas em ambientes urbanos no estado de São Paulo. In: Bueno, O.C., Campos, A.E.C. & Morini, M.S.C. (Eds.), Formigas em ambientes urbanos no Brasil. Editora Canal 6, Bauru, pp. 452–463. [in Portuguese]
  11. Bueno, O.C., Campos, A.E.C. & Morini, M.S.C. (2017) Formigas em ambientes urbanos no Brasil. Editora Canal 6, Bauru, 685 pp. [in Portuguese]
  12. Bueno, O.C. & Fowler, H.G. (1994) Exotic ants and native ant fauna of Brazilian hospitals. In: Williams, D. (Ed.), Exotic ants: biology impact and control of introduced species. CRC Press, Florida, pp. 191–197. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429040795-16
  13. Bueno, O.C., Fowler, H.G. & Ketelhut, S.M. (1994) Formiga, uma praga urbana. Informativo Zeneca: Saúde Pública, São Paulo. [in Portuguese]
  14. Buren, W.F. (1972) Revisionary studies on the taxonomy of the imported fire ants. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society, New Series, 7 (1), 1–26.
  15. Camacho, G.P., Franco, W., Branstetter, M.G., Pie, M.R., Longino, J.T., Schultz, T.R. & Feitosa, R.M. (2022) UCE phylogenomics resolves major relationships among ectaheteromorph ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ectatomminae, Heteroponerinae): a new classification for the subfamilies and the description of a new genus. Insect Systematics and Diversity, New Series, 6 (1), 15–17. https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixab026
  16. Cameron, P. (1891) Appendix. Hym. Formicidae. In: Whymper, E. (Ed.), Travels amongst the Great Andes. J. Murray, London, pp. 89–95.
  17. Campos-Farinha, A.E.C., Bueno, O.C., Campos, M.C.G. & Kato, L.M. (2002) As formigas urbanas no Brasil: retrospecto. Biológico, 64 (2), 129–133. [in Portuguese]
  18. Campos-Farinha, A.E.C. & Bueno, O.C. (2004) Formigas urbanas: comportamento e controle. Biológico, 66 (1–2), 47–48. [in Portuguese]
  19. Casadei-Ferreira, A., Economo, E.P. & Feitosa, R.M. (2020) Additions to the taxonomy of Pheidole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the southern grasslands of Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 64 (4), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2020-0068
  20. Cintra-Socolowski, P. & Bueno, O.C. (2017) Formigas em ambientes hospitalares. In: Bueno, O.C., Campos, A.E.C. & Morini, M.S.C. (Eds.), Formigas em ambientes urbanos no Brasil. Editora Canal 6, Bauru, pp. 667–685. [in Portuguese]
  21. Córdoba, S.P. & Pérez, E.C. (2021) The Entomologic Collection of the Instituto-Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina. Acta Zoológica Mexicana, 37, 1–19. Available from: https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?pid=S0065-17372021000100121&script=sci_abstract&tlng=en (accessed 13 January 2024)
  22. Cristiano, M.P., Cardoso, D.C., Sandoval-Gómez, V.E. & Simões‐Gomes, F.C. (2020) Amoimyrmex Cristiano, Cardoso & Sandoval, gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a new genus of leaf‐cutting ants revealed by multilocus molecular phylogenetic and morphological analyses. Austral Entomology, 59 (4), 643–676. https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12493
  23. Cuezzo, F., Guerrero, R.J. & Delabie, J.H.C. (2011) The ant genus Dorymyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae) in Colombia. Psyche: Journal of Entomology, 2012, 516058. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/516058
  24. Cuezzo, F., Calcaterra, L., Chifflet, L. & Follet, P. (2015) Wasmannia Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) in Argentina: systematics and distribution. Sociobiology, 62 (2), 246–265. Available from: https://periodicos.uefs.br/index.php/sociobiology/article/view/727 (accessed 13 January 2024)
  25. De Geer, C. (1773) Mémoires pour servir à l’histoire des insectes. Tome Troisième. Pierre Hesselberg, Stockholm, 696 pp. [in French]
  26. Delabie, J.H. & Fowler, H.G. (1995) Soil and litter cryptic ant assemblages of Bahian cocoa plantations. Pedobiologia, 39 (5), 423–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-4056(24)00209-9
  27. Delabie, J.H.C., Fernández, F. & Majer, J. (2012) Advances in neotropical myrmecology. Psyche: Journal of Entomology, 2012, 286273. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/286273
  28. Delabie, J.H.C., Rocha, W.D., Marques, T.E.D. & Mariano, C.S.F. (2015) Importância das formigas e estudos de biodiversidade e o papel desses insetos nos ecossistemas. In: Suguituru, S.S., Morini, M.S.C., Feitosa, R.M. & Silva, R.R. (Eds.), Formigas do Alto Tietê. Editora Canal 6, Bauru, pp. 55–72. [in Portuguese]
  29. De Vivo, M., Silveira, L.F. & Nascimento, F. (2014) Reflexões sobre coleções zoológicas, sua curadoria e a inserção dos Museus na estrutura universitária brasileira. Arquivos de Zoologia, 45, 105–114. [in Portuguese] https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v45iespp105-113
  30. Dias, A.M. & Lattke, J.E. (2021) Large ants are not easy—the taxonomy of Dinoponera Roger (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). European Journal of Taxonomy, New Series, 784 (1), 1–66. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.784.1603
  31. Emery, C. (1896) Studi sulle formiche della fauna neotropica. Bullettino della Società Entomologica Italiana, 28, 33–107. [in Italian]
  32. Emery, C. (1900) Formicidarum species novae vel minus cognitae in collectione Musaei Nationalis Hungarici quas in Nova-Guinea, colonia germanica, collegit L. Biró. Publicatio secunda. Természetrajzi Füzetek, 1900, 571–599.
  33. Emery, C. (1901) Notes sur les sous-familles des Dorylines et Ponérines (Famille des Formicides). Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 45, 32–54. [in French]
  34. Emery, C. (1906) Note sur Prenolepis vividula Nyl. et sur la classification des espèces du genre Prenolepis. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 130–134. [in French]
  35. Fabricius, J.C. (1775) Systema entomologiae, sistems insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. In Officina Libraria Kortii, Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae, 832 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.36510
  36. Fabricius, J.C. (1793) Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonimis, locis observationibus, descriptionibus. C. G. Proft, Hafniae, 519 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.125869
  37. Fabricius, J.C. (1798) Supplementum entomologiae systematicae. C. G. Proft, Hafniae, 572 pp.
  38. Fabricius, J.C. (1804) Systema Piezatorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae, 439 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10490
  39. Feitosa, R.M. (2017) Coleções de formigas urbanas. In: Bueno, O.C., Campos, A.E.C. & Morini, M.S.C. (Eds.), Formigas em ambientes urbanos no Brasil. Editora Canal 6, Bauru, pp. 111–124. [in Portuguese]
  40. Fernandes, I.O., De Oliveira, M.L. & Delabie, J.H.C. (2014) Description of two new species in the Neotropical Pachycondyla foetida complex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae) and taxonomic notes on the genus. Myrmecological News, 19, 133–163.
  41. Foerster, A. (1850) Formicariae. Hymenopterologische Studien. Ernst Ter Meer, Aachen, 74 pp. [in Dutch]
  42. Fonseca, M.A., Campos, T.C & Fowler, H.G. (1997) Biogeografia urbana: praças municipais como ilhas para comunidades de formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Acta Biológica Leopoldensia, New Series, 19 (1), 45–49. [in Portuguese]
  43. Forel, A. (1878) Études myrmécologiques en 1878 (première partie) avec l’anatomie du gésier des fourmis. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, 15, 337–392. [in French]
  44. Forel, A. (1881) Die Ameisen der Antille St. Thomas. Mitteilungen der Münchener Entomologischen Verein, 5, 1–16. [in German]
  45. Forel, A. (1886) Espèces nouvelles de fourmis américaines. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 1886, 39–49. [in French]
  46. Forel, A. (1893) Formicides de l’Antille St. Vincent, récoltées par Mons. H. H. Smith. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 30, 333–418. [in French]
  47. Forel, A. (1908) Ameisen aus São Paulo (Brasilien), Paraguay etc. gesammelt von Prof. Herm. v. Ihering, Dr. Lutz, Dr. Fiebrig, etc. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich–Königlichen Zoologisch–Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 58, 340–418. [in German]
  48. Forel, A. (1912) Formicides néotropiques. Part IV. 3me sous–famille Myrmicinae Lep. (suite). Mémoires de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 20, 1–32. [in French]
  49. Forel, A. (1913) Fourmis d’Argentine, du Brésil, du Guatémala & de Cuba reçues de M. M. Bruch, Prof. v. Ihering, Mlle Baez, M. Peper et M. Rovereto. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, 49, 203–250. [in French]
  50. Forti, L.C., De Andrade, M.L., Andrade, A.P.P., Lopes, J.F.S. & Ramos, V.M. (2006) Bionomics and identification of Acromyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) through an illustrated key. Sociobiology, 48 (1), 135–153.
  51. Forti, L.C., Andrade, A.P.P., Camargo, R.S., Filho, T.M.M.M., Scudilio, T.T., Zanuncio, J.C., Sousa, K.K.A. & Caldato, N. (2022) Taxonomic revision of the leaf–cutting ant Acromyrmex subterraneus (Forel, 1893). International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 42 (4), 2897–2908. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-022-00815-5
  52. Fowler, H.G. (1979) Notes on Labidus praedator (Fr. Smith) in Paraguai (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal Natural of History, New Series, 13 (1), 3–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937900770021
  53. Fowler, H.G. (1980) Notes on the ecology of Pheidole oxyops Forel in Paraguai (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 26 (4–5), 305–308. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.19790260413
  54. Fowler, H.G. (1982) A new species of Trachymyrmex fungus-growing ant (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae: Attini) from Paraguay. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 90 (2), 70–73.
  55. Fowler, H.G. (1983) Latitudinal gradients and diversity of the leaf-cutting ants (Atta and Acromyrmex) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revista de Biologia Tropical, 31 (2), 213–216. Available from: https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/24936 (accessed 13 January 2024)
  56. Fowler, H.G. (1986) Polymorphism and colony ontogeny in North American carpenter ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Camponotus pennsylvanicus and Camponotus ferrugineus). Zoologische Jahrbücher Physiology, 90 (2), 297–316.
  57. Fowler, H.G. (1987) Colonization patterns of the leaf–cutting ant, Atta bisphaerica: evidence for regulation. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 104 (1–5), 102–105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1987.tb00503.x
  58. Fowler, H.G. (1988) Taxa of the neotropical grass-cutting ants, Acromyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Attini). Científica, 16 (2), 281–295.
  59. Fowler, H.G., Bernardi, J.V.E. & Di Romagnano, L.F. (1990) Community structure and Solenopsis invicta in São Paulo. In: Vander Meer, R.K., Jaffé, K. & Cedeno, A. (Eds.), Applied Myrmecology: A World Perspective. Taylor & Francis Group, London, pp. 199–207.
  60. Fowler, H.G., Forti, L.C., Brandão, C.R.F., Delabie, J.H.C. & Vasconcelos, H.L. (1991) Ecologia nutricional de formigas. In: Panizzi, A.R. & Parra, J.R.P. (Eds.), Ecologia nutricional de insetos e suas implicações no manejo de pragas. Manole, São Paulo, pp. 131–223. [in Portuguese] https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X1993000100013
  61. Fowler, H.G., Anaruma Filho, F. & Bueno, O.C. (1992) Vertical and horizontal foraging: intra and interspecific spatial correlation patterns in Tapinoma melanocephalum and Monomorium pharaonis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Ciência e Cultura, 44 (6), 395–397.
  62. Fowler, H.G., De Freitas, M.A. & Bueno, O.C. (1993a) Dynamics of colonization and gyne production by Monomorium pharaonis (Hym., Formicidae) in Brazil. Journal of Applied Entomology, 116 (1–5), 294–297. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1993.tb01198.x
  63. Fowler, H.G., Anaruma–Filho, F. & Bueno, O.C. (1993b) Seasonal space usage by the introduced pharaoh’s ant, Monomorium pharaonis (L.) (Hym., Formicidae), in institutional settings in Brazil and its relation to other structural ant species. Journal of Applied Entomology, 115 (1–5), 416–419. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1993.tb00409.x
  64. Fowler, H., Bueno, O.C., Sadatsune, T. & Montelli, A.C. (1993c) Ants as potential vectors of pathogens in hospitals in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Insect Science and its Application, 14 (3), 367–370. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400014879
  65. Fowler, H.G. (1993d) Spatial–organization of foraging activity and colonization by colony emigration in the pharaoh ant, Monomorium pharaonis. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung für Allgemeine Zoologie und Physiologie Der Tiere, 97 (3), 233–238.
  66. Fowler, H.G. & Delabie, J.H. (1995) Resource partitioning among epigaeic and hypogaeic ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of a Brazilian cocoa plantation. Ecología Austral, 5 (2), 117–124.
  67. Fowler, H.G., Pesquero, M.A., Campiolo, S. & Porter, S.D. (1995a) Atividade sazonal de espécies de Pseudacteon (Diptera: Phoridae) parasitóides de formigas-de-lava-pés (Solenopsis saevissima) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) no Brasil. Científica, 2, 367–371. [in Portuguese]
  68. Fowler, H.G., Anaruma–Filho, F. & Bueno, O.C. (1995b) Formigas nos hospitais. Ciência Hoje, 19 (111), 12–13. [in Portuguese]
  69. Fowler, H.G., Bueno, O.C. & Anaruma-Filho, F. (1995c) Spatial organization of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of a small private hospital in southeastern Brazil. Naturalia, 20, 83–87.
  70. Fowler, H.G. & Bueno, O.C. (1996) Congruent spatial and temporal foraging by a dominant ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and its replacement in an assemblage in a large urban structure in southeastern Brazil. Journal of Applied Entomology, 120 (1–5), 29–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1996.tb01563.x
  71. Fowler, H.G. & Bueno, O.C. (1998) O avanço das formigas urbanas. Ciência Hoje, 23 (137), 73–80. [in Portuguese]
  72. França, E.C.B. (2021) Revisão taxonômica do gênero Odontomachus Latreille, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) no Brasil. Dissertação (Mestrado)–Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia), Repositório Institucional da UFPR, Curitiba, 191 pp. [in Portuguese]
  73. França, J.S. & Callisto, M. (2007) Coleção de macroinvertebrados bentônicos: ferramenta para o conhecimento da biodiversidade em ecossistemas aquáticos continentais. Neotropical Biology and Conservation, 2 (1), 3–10. [in Portuguese]
  74. Gonçalves, C.R. (1942) Contribuição para o conhecimento do gênero Atta Fabr., das formigas saúvas. Boletim da Sociedade Brasileira de Agronomia, 5 (3), 333–358. [in Portuguese]
  75. Gotelli, N.J. (2004) A taxonomic wish–list for community ecology. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 359 (1444), 585–597. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2003.1443
  76. ICMBio/MMA (2018) Livro Vermelho da Fauna Brasileira Ameaçada de Extinção. Vol. VII—Invertebrados. Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Brasília, 727 pp. [in Portuguese]
  77. IUCN (2023) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-2. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org (accessed 14 July 2023)
  78. Janicki, J., Narula, N., Ziegler, M., Guénard, B. & Economo, E.P. (2016) Visualizing and interacting with large-volume biodiversity data using client–server web–mapping applications: The design and implementation of antmaps.org. Ecological Informatics, 32, 185–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2016.02.006
  79. Jerdon, T.C. (1851) A catalogue of the species of ants found in Southern India. Madras Journal of Literature and Science, 17, 103–127.
  80. Johnson, R.A. (2015) A taxonomic revision of South American species of the seed-harvester ant genus Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Part I. Zootaxa, 4029 (1), 1–142. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4029.1.1
  81. Kallal, R.J. & Lapolla, J.S. (2012) Monograph of Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the world, part II: Nylanderia in the Nearctic. Zootaxa, 3508 (1), 1–64. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3508.1.1
  82. Konstantinova, F.V. & Namyatovac, A.A. (2019) Taxonomic revisions and specimen databases in the internet age: dealing with a species rich insect táxon. Entomological Review, 99 (3), 340–361. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0013873819030072
  83. Lapola, D.M. & Fowler, H.G. (2008) Questioning the implementation of habitat corridors: a case study in interior São Paulo using ants as bioindicators. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 68 (1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842008000100003
  84. Latreille, P.A. (1802) Histoire naturelle des fourmis, et recueil de mémoires et d’observations sur les abeilles, les araignées, les faucheurs, et autres insectes. Impr. Crapelet (chez T. Barrois), Paris, 445 pp. [in French] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11138
  85. Latreille, P.A. (1804) Tableau méthodique des insectes. In: Société de naturalistes et d’agriculteurs 1804. Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle. Déterville, Paris, pp. 129–200. [in French]
  86. Lattke, J.E. (2003) Specimen processing: building and curating an ant collection. In: Agosti, D., Majer, J.D., Alonso, L.E. & Schultz, T.R. (Eds.), Ants methods for measuring and monitoring biodiversity. Smithsonian Institution Press, London. pp. 155–171.
  87. Lattke, J.E. (1997) Revisión del género Apterostigma Mayr:(Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, 34 (5), 121–221. [in Spanish] https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v34i5p121-221
  88. Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. L. Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm], 824 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.559
  89. Linnaeus, C. (1761) Fauna suecica sistens animalia Sueciae regni: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes. Editio altera, auctior. L. Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm], 578 pp.
  90. Loeck, A.E. & Silva, E. (1999) Ocorrência de formigas domiciliares (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em Pelotas, RS. Current Agricultural Science and Technology, 5 (3), 220–224. [in Portuguese]
  91. Longino, J.T. (2003) The Crematogaster (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) of Costa Rica. Zootaxa, 151 (1), 1–150. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.151.1.1
  92. Longino, J.T. (2007) A taxonomic review of the genus Azteca (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Costa Rica and a global revision of the aurita group. Zootaxa, 1491 (1), 1–63. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1491.1.1
  93. Longino, J.T., Coddington, J. & Colwell R.K. (2002) The ant fauna of a tropical rainforest: estimating species richness in three different ways. Ecology, 83 (3), 689–702. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[0689:TAFOAT]2.0.CO;2
  94. Lund, P.W. (1831) Über die Lebensweise einiger brasilianischer Ameisen. Notizen aus den Gebiete der Natur- und Heilkunde, 32, 97–106. [in German]
  95. Marinoni, L. & Peixoto, A.L. (2010) As coleções biológicas como fonte permanente de conhecimento sobre a biodiversidade. Ciência e Cultura, 62 (3), 54–57. [in Portuguese]
  96. Mayr, G. (1855) Formicina austriaca. Beschreibung der bisher im österreichischen Kaiserstaate aufgefundenen Ameisen, nebst Hinzufügung jener in Deutschland, in der Schweiz und in Italien vorkommenden Arten. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch–Botanischen Vereins in Wien, 5, 273–478. [in German]
  97. Mayr, G. (1862) Myrmecologische Studien. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich–Königlichen Zoologisch–Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 12, 649–776. [in German]
  98. Mayr, G. (1865) Formicidae. In: Novara Expedition (Ed.), Reise der Österreichischen Fregatte “Novara” um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859. Zoologischer Theil. Bd. II. Abt. 1. K. Gerold’s Sohn, Wien, pp. 3–119. [in German]
  99. Mayr, G. (1866) Myrmecologische Beiträge. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe, Abteilung I, 53, 484–517. [in German]
  100. Mayr, G. (1868) Formicidae novae Americanae collectae a Prof. P. de Strobel. Annuario della Società dei Naturalisti e Matematici, 3, 61–178.
  101. Mayr, G. (1887) Südamerikanische Formiciden. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 37, 511–632. [in German]
  102. McNeely, J.A. (2002) The role of taxonomy in conserving biodiversity. Journal of Nature Conservation, 10 (3), 145–153. https://doi.org/10.1078/1617-1381-00015
  103. Mello, R.L. (2015) Coleções biológicas e a conservação da biodiversidade. In: Suguituru, S.S., Morini, M.S.C., Feitosa, R.M. & Silva, R.R. (Eds.), Formigas do Alto Tietê. Editora Canal 6, Bauru, pp. 89–100. [in Portuguese]
  104. Meineke, E.K., Davies, T.J., Daru, B. & Davis, C.C. (2019) Biological collections for understanding biodiversity in the Anthropocene. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 374, 20170386. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0386
  105. Moleiro, H.P., Santos, A.D., Ulysséa, M.A. & Camacho, G.P. (2023) A novel protocol for cleaning fungus–affected insects in collections. XXVI Simpósio de Mirmecologia: An International Ant Meeting. Available from: https://mirmeco.com.br/ (accessed 7 January 2024)
  106. Nagatani, V.H., Ramalho, M.O., Alves, J.M.C., Souza, R.F., Kayano, D.Y., Silva, N.S., Harakava, R., Bueno, O.C., Hilsdorf, A.W.S. & Morini, M.S.C. (2022) Impact of native vegetation cover near crops on the occurrence and molecular diversity of fire ants. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 25 (2), 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12545
  107. NPS Museum (1999) NPS Museum Handbook, Part I. Appendix Q: Curatorial Care of Natural History Collections. Available from: https://www.nps.gov/museum/publications/MHI/AppendQ.pdf (accessed 10 February 2021)
  108. Nylander, W. (1856) Synopsis des Formicides de France et d’Algérie. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, 5, 51–109.
  109. Oliver, I. & Beattie, A.J. (1993) A possible method for the rapid assessment of biodiversity. Conservation Biology, 7 (3), 562–568. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1993.07030562.x
  110. Oliveira, A.M., Powell, S. & Feitosa, R.M. (2021) A taxonomic study of the Brazilian turtle ants (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Cephalotes). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 65, 1–52. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2021-0028
  111. Oliveira, J.P., Oliveira, J. & Manso, C.L.C. (2011) Inventário da coleção de equinodermos do LABIMAR, Campus Profº. Alberto Carvalho, Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Scientia Plena, 6 (12), 1–14. [in Portuguese]
  112. Ortiz–Sepulveda, C.M., Bocxlaer, B.V., Meneses, A.D. & Fernández, F. (2019) Molecular and morphological recognition of species boundaries in the neglected ant genus Brachymyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): toward a taxonomic revision. Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 19 (3), 447–542. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-019-00406-2
  113. Pacheco, J.A., Mackay, W.P. & Lattke, J. (2013) The systematics and biology of the New World thief ants of the genus Solenopsis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston, New York, pp. 1–501.
  114. Passos, F.C., & Leal, L.C. (2019) Protein matters: ants remove herbivores more frequently from extrafloral nectary-bearing plants when habitats are protein poor. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 127 (2), 407–416. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blz033
  115. Peixoto, A.L., Barbosa, M.R.V., Menezes, M. & Maia, M. (2006) Diretrizes e estratégias para a modernização de coleções botânicas brasileiras com base na formação de taxonomistas e na consolidação de sistemas integrados de informação sobre biodiversidade. In: Peixoto, A.L., Barbosa, M.R.V., Menezes, M. & Maia, M. (Eds.), Diretrizes e estratégias para a modernização de coleções biológicas brasileiras e a consolidação de sistemas integrados de informação sobre biodiversidade. Centro de Gestão e Estudos Estratégicos/Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia, Brasília, 324 pp. [in Portuguese]
  116. Pesquero, M.A., Porter, S.D., Fowler, H.G. & Campiolo, S. (1995) Criação de Pseudacteon spp. (Dip., Phoridae), parasitóides de formigas lava–pés (Solenopsis spp.) (Hym., Formicidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 119 (1–5), 677–678. [in Portuguese] https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1995.tb01357.x
  117. Pesquero, M.A., Campiolo, S., Fowler, H.G. & Porter, S.D. (1996) Padrões diurnos de atividade oviposicional em dois parasitóides de mosca Pseudacteon (Diptera: Phoridae) de formigas de fogo Solenopsis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The Florida Entomologist, 79 (3), 455–457. [in Portuguese] https://doi.org/10.2307/3495596
  118. Pesquero, M.A. (2000) Two new species of Pseudacteon (Diptera: Phoridae) parasitoids of fire ants (Solenopsis spp.) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Brazil. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 108 (3), 243–247. https://doi.org/10.1664/0028-7199(2000)108[0243:TNSOPD]2.0.CO;2
  119. Pitts, J.P., Camacho, G.P., Gotzek, D., McHugh, J.V. & Ross, K.G. (2018) Revision of the fire ants of the Solenopsis saevissima species–group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 120 (2), 308–411. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.120.2.308
  120. Porter, S.D., Pesquero, M.A., Campiolo, S. & Fowler, H.G. (1995a) Crescimento e desenvolvimento de Pseudacteon Phorid Fly Maggots (Diptera: Phoridae) nas cabeças de Solenopsis fire ant workers (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Entomologia Ambiental, 24 (2), 475–479. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/24.2.475
  121. Porter, S.D., Vander Meer, R.K., Pesquero, M.A., Campiolo, S. & Fowler, H.G. (1995b) Solenopsis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Reações de formigas–de–fogo ao ataque de moscas Pseudacteon (Diptera: Phoridae) no sudeste do Brasil. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 88 (4), 570–575. [in Portuguese] https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/88.4.570
  122. Porter, S.D., Fowler, H.G., Campiolo, S. & Pesquero, M.A. (1995c) Especificidade do hospedeiro de vários Pseudacteon (Diptera: Phoridae) parasitas de Formigas–de-lava-pés (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) na América do Sul. The Florida Entomologist, 78 (1), 70–75. [in Portuguese] https://doi.org/10.2307/3495669
  123. Rabeling, C., Messer, S., Lacau, S., Do Nascimento, I.C., Bacci, M. & Delabie, J.H.C. (2019) Acromyrmex fowleri: A new inquiline social parasite species of leaf‑cutting ants from South America, with a discussion of social parasite biogeography in the Neotropical region. Insectes Sociaux, 66 (3), 435–451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00040-019-00705-z
  124. Ramalho, M.O., Nagatani, V.H., Alves, J., Silva, O.G., Fox, E.G.P., Souza, R.F. & Morini, M.S.C. (2023) The facet of human impact: Solenopsis invicta Buren, 1972 spreading around the Atlantic Forest. Diversity, 15 (2), 194. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020194
  125. Roger, J. (1861) Die Ponera–artigen Ameisen (Schluss). Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 5, 1–54. [in German]
  126. Roger, J. (1863) Die neu aufgeführten Gattungen und Arten meines Formiciden–Verzeichnisses nebst Ergänzung einiger früher gegebenen Beschreibungen. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 7, 131–214. [in German]
  127. Rossi, M.N. & Fowler, H.G. (2004) Predaceous ant fauna in new sugarcane fields in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 47 (5), 805–811. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132004000500017
  128. Santschi, F. (1926) Trois notes myrmécologiques. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 95, 13–28. [in French]
  129. Santschi, F. (1926a) Deux nouvelles fourmis parasites de l’Argentine. Folia Myrmecologica et Termitologica, 1, 6–8. [in French]
  130. Silva, R.R., Martello, F., Feitosa, R.M., Silva, O.G.M., Prado, L.P., Brandão, C.R.F., Albuquerque, E. Z., Morini, M.S.C., Delabie, J.C.H., Monteira, E.C.S., Alves, A. E. O., Wild, A.L., Christianini, A.V., Arnhold, A., Ferreira, A. C., Oliveira, A.M., Santos, A.D., Galbán, A., Oliveira, A.A., Subtil, A.G.M., Dias, A.M., Campos, A.E.C., Waldschimidt, A.M., Freitas, A.V.L., Avalos, A.N., Meyer, A.L.S., Sánchez-Restrepo, A.F., Suarez, A.V., Souza, A.S., Queiroz, A.C.M., Mayhé-Nunes, A.J., Reis, A.C., Lopes, B.C., Guénard, B., Trad, B.M., Caitano, B., Yagound, B., Pereira-Silva, B., Fisher, B.L., Tavares, B.L.P., Moraes, B.B., Filgueiras, B.K.C., Guarda, C., Ribas, C.R., Cereto, C.E., Esbérard, C.E.L., Schaefar, C.E.G.R., Paris, C.I., Bueno, C., Lasmar, C.J.,Costa-Milanez, C.B., Lutinski, C.J., Ortiz-Sepulveda, C.M., Wazema, C.T., Mariano, C.S.F., Barrera, A., Klunk, C.L., Sanatna, D.O., Larrea, D., Rother, D.C., Souza-Campana, D.R., Kayano, D.Y., Alves, D.L., Assis, D.S., Anjos, D., França, E.C.B., Santos, E.F., Silva, E.A., Santos, E.V., Koch, E.B., Siqueira, E.L.S., Almeida, E.A., Araujo, E.S., Villarreal, E., Becker, E., Canedo-Júnior, E.O., Santos-Neto, E.A., Economo, E.P., Araújo-Oliveira, E.S., Cuezzo, F., Magalhães, F.S., Neves, F.M., Rosumek, F.B., Dorneles, F.E., Noll, F.B., Arruda, F.V., Esteves, F.A., Ramos, F.N., Garcia, F.R.M., Castro, F.S., Serna, F., Marcineiro, F.R., Neves, F.S., Nascimento, G.B., Jacintho, G.F., Camancho, G.P., Ribeiro, G.T., Lourenço, G.M., Soares, G.R., Castilho, G.A., Alvez, G.P., Zurita, G.A., Santos, G.H.M., Onody, H.C., Oliveira, H.S., Vasconcelos, H.L., Paulino-Neto, H.F., Brant, H., Coelho, I.R., Gomes, I.J.M.T., Leal., I.R., Santos, I.A., Santos, I.C.S., Fernandes, I.O., Nascimento, I.C., Queiroz, J.M., Lattke, J.E., Majer, J., Schoereder, J.H., Dantas, J.O., Andrade-Silva, J., Guastavino, J.M.D., Santos, J.S., Filloy, J., Chaul, J.C.M., Lutinski, J.A., Carvalho, K.S., Ramos, K.S., Sampaio, K.L.S., Ribeiro, L.A.M., Sousa-Souto, L., Paolucci, L.N., Elizalde, L., Podgaiski, L.R., Chifflet, L., Carvalho-Leite, L.J., Calcaterra, L.A., Maecdo-Reis, L.E., Magnago, L.F.S., Madureira, M.S., Silva, M.M., Pie, M.R., Uehara-Prado, M., Pizo, M.A., Pesquero, M.A., Carneiro, M.A.F., Busato, M.S., Almeida, M.F.B., Bellocq, M.I., Tibcherani, M., Casimiro, M.S., Ronque, M.U.V., Costa, M.M.S., Angotti, M.A., Olveira, M.V., Leponce, M., Imata, M.M.G., Martins, M.F.O., Ulysséa, M.A., Santo, N.B.E., Lópes, N.M.L., Balbino, N.S., Silva, N.S., Safar, N.V.H., Andrade, P.L., Camargo, P.H.S.A., Oliveira, P.S., Luna, P.D.P., Ward, P.S., Hanish, P.E., Silva, P.S., Divieso, R., Carvalho, R.L., Campos, R.B.F., Antoniazzi, R., Vicente, R.E., Giovenardi, R., Campos, R.I., Solar, R.R.C., Fujihara, R.T., Santos, R.J., Fagundes, R., Guerrero, R.J., Probst, R.S., Jesus, R.S., Silvestre, R., López-Muñoz, R.A., Ferreira-Châline, R.S., Almeida, R.P.S., Pinto, S.M., Santoandré, S., Althoff, S.L., Ribeiro, S.P., Jory, T., Fernandes, T.T., Andrade, T.O., Perreira, T.P.L., Gonçalves-Souza, T., Silv.a, T.S.R., Silva, V.N.G., Lopez, V.M., Tonelli, V.R., Nacagava, V.A.F., Oliveira, V.M., Dáttilo, W., DaRocha, W., Franco, W., Dröse, W., Antonialli, W. & Ribeiro, M.C. (2022) Atlantic Ants: a data set of ants in Atlantic Forests of South America. Ecology, 103 (2), e03580 https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3580
  131. Smith, F. (1855) Descriptions of some species of Brazilian ants belonging to the genera Pseudomyrma, Eciton and Myrmica (with observations on their economy by Mr. H. W. Bates). Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 8 (5), 156–169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1855.tb02668.x
  132. Smith, F. (1858) Catalogue of hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. Formicidae. British Museum, London, 216 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.20858
  133. Sousa, E.P.B. & Barbosa, M.V.M. (2020) Coleções zoológicas: o Museu de Zoologia e Taxidermia Jose Hidasi da Universidade Estadual do Tocantins. Revista Extensão, 4 (2), 7–11. [in Portuguese]
  134. Souza Jr., C.M., Shimbo, J.Z., Rosa, M.R., Parente, L.L., Alencar, A.A., Rudorff, B.F.T., Hasenack, H., Matsumoto, M., Ferreira, L.G., Souza-Filho, P.W.M., Oliveira, S.W., Rocha, W. F., Fonseca, A.V., Marques, C.B., Diniz, C.G., Costa, D., Monteiro, D., Rosa, E. R., Vélez-Martins, E., Weber, E.J., Lenti, F.E.B., Paternost, F.F., Pareyn, F.G.C., Siqueira, J.V., Vieira, J.L., Neto, L.C.F., Saraiva, M.M., Sales, M.H., Salgado, M.P.G., Vasconcelos, R., Galano, S., Mesquita, V.V. & Azevedo, T. (2020) Reconstructing three decades of land use and land cover changes in Brazilian biomes with landsat archive and earth engine. Remote Sensing, 12, 2735.
  135. Souza-Campana, D.R., Wazema, C.T., Magalhães, F.S., Silva, N.S., Nagatani, V.H., Suguituru, S.S. & Morini, M.S.C. (2020) Coleção de referência do Laboratório de Mirmecologia do Alto Tietê, São Paulo, Brasil: status atual e perspectivas. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi-Ciências Naturais, 15 (1), 317–336. [in Portuguese] https://doi.org/10.46357/bcnaturais.v15i1.274
  136. Suguituru, S.S., Morini, M.S.C., Feitosa, R.M. & Silva, R.R. (2015) Formigas do Alto Tietê. Editora Canal 6, Bauru, 456 pp. [in Portuguese]
  137. Taddei, V.A., Martins, U.R., De Vivo, M. & Percequillo, A.R. (1999) O acervo das coleções zoológicas do estado de São Paulo. In: Brito, M.C.W. & Joly, C.A. (Eds.), Biodiversidade do estado de São Paulo. Vol. 7. Síntese do conhecimento ao final do século XX: infraestrutura para conservação da biodiversidade. FAPESP, São Paulo, pp. 81–101. [in Portuguese]
  138. Teixeira, M.C., Schoereder, J.H. & Mayhé-Nunes, A.J. (2003) Geographic distribution of Atta robusta Borgmeier (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Neotropical Entomology, 32 (4), 719–721. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2003000400026
  139. Trager, J.C. (1991) A revision of the fire ants, Solenopsis geminata group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 99 (2), 141–198.
  140. Troya, A. & Lattke, J. (2022) Neoponera Emery, 1901 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) revisited: 1. The N. laevigata species-group. Insect Systematics & Evolution, 54 (1), 1–76. https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-bja10034
  141. Ulysséa, M.A. & Brandão, C.R.F. (2021) Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical ant genus Hylomyrma Forel, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with the description of fourteen new species. Zootaxa, 5055 (1), 1–137. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5055.1.1
  142. Zarzuela, M.F.M., Ribeiro, M.C.C. & Campos-Farinha, A.E.C. (2002) Distribuição de formigas urbanas em um hospital da região sudeste do Brasil. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, 69 (1), 85–87. [in Portuguese]
  143. Waichert, C., Sobrinho, T.G., Freitas, A.V.L., Rosa, A.H.B., Sampaio, C.A., Zeppelini, D., Massariol, F.C., Vaz-De-Melo, F.Z., Salles, F.F., Musiello-Fernandes, J., Furieri, K.S., Costa, K.G. & Amaral, V.S. (2019) Invertebrados ameaçados de extinção no estado do Espírito Santo. In: Fauna e flora ameaçadas de extinção no estado do Espírito Santo. Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica, Santa Teresa, pp. 216–229. [in Portuguese]
  144. Weber, N.A. (1946) The biology of the fungus-growing ants. Part IX. The British Guiana species. Revista de Entomologia, 17, 114–172.
  145. Westwood, J.O. (1839) An introduction to the modern classification of insects; founded on the natural habits and corresponding organization of the different families. Vol. 2. Part XI. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green and Longmans, London, pp. 193–224. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12455
  146. Westwood, J.O. (1840) Observations on the genus Typhlopone, with descriptions of several exotic species of ants. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6, 81–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/03745484009443610
  147. Wheeler, W.M. (1925) Neotropical ants in the collections of the Royal Museum of Stockholm. Arkiv för Zoology, 17A (8), 1-55.
  148. Wild, A.L. (2007) Taxonomic revision of the ant genus Linepithema (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). University of California Publications in Entomology, 126, 19–26.
  149. Wilson, E.O. (2003) Pheidole in the New World: A Dominant, Hyperdiverse Genus. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 794 pp.