Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2024-02-07
Page range: 421-440
Abstract views: 8
PDF downloaded: 2

Puparium of Merosargus cingulatus Schiner, 1868 and Ptecticus lanei James, 1941 (Diptera: Stratiomyidae: Sarginae), with new geographical records for the species and a list of all known immatures of the subfamily

Universidade Federal de Goiás; Campus Samambaia; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Departamento de Ecologia; prédio ICB1. Av. Esperança; s/n; 74.690-900. Goiânia; GO; Brazil
Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa; Departamento de Biologia Estrutural; Molecular e Genética; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva; Ponta Grossa; PR; Brazil
Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa; Departamento de Biologia Estrutural; Molecular e Genética; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva; Ponta Grossa; PR; Brazil
Diptera biodiversity Merosargus Neotropical Region Ptecticus taxonomy

Abstract

The puparia of Merosargus cingulatus Schiner, 1868 and Ptecticus lanei James, 1941, two Neotropical species of Sarginae (Stratiomyidae), are described and illustrated based on 19 and 17 immatures of each species, respectively. The specimens were collected in rotting vegetal material in Carambeí, state of Paraná, Brazil. Images of reared adults of both species are provided, allowing future identifications of specimens. New distributional records include the first occurrences of M. cingulatus in the Brazilian states of Ceará, Maranhão, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rio de Janeiro. With these two new descriptions, immature stages (6th instar and/or puparium) of 29 species of Sarginae are now known, with only eight species known from the Neotropical Region.

 

References

  1. Albuquerque, D. de O. (1955) Duas novas espécies de Hermetiinae do Brasil (Diptera, Stratiomyidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 3, 129–135.
  2. Beling, T. (1882) Beitrag zur Metamorfose zweiflugeliger Insecten aus der Familien Tabanidae, Leptidae, Asilidae, Empidae, Dolichopidae und Syrphidae. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 48, 187–240.
  3. Borkent, A. & Sinclair, B.J. (2017) Chapter 13. Key to Diptera larvae. In: Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. & Sinclair, B.J. (Eds.), Manual of Afrotropical Diptera. Vol. 1. Introductory chapters and key to Diptera families. Suricata 4. South African Nacional Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 357–411.
  4. Bouche, P.F. (1834) Naturgeschichte der Insekten, besonders in Hinsicht ihrer ersten Zustande als Larven und Puppen. In der Nicolaischen Buchhandlung, Berlin, 216 pp.
  5. Brindle, A. (1965) Taxonomic notes on the larvae of British Diptera. No. 23. The Geosarginae (Stratiomyidae). Entomologist, 98, 208–216.
  6. Carrera, M. & Lane, J. (1945) Diptera de Caiobá (Est. do Paraná) (Diptera, Stratiomyiidae e Tabanidae). Arquivos do Museu Paranaense, IV, 127–136.
  7. Cornelius, C. (1860) Zur Ernahrung und Entwicklung der Larven von Sargus formosus Schrank. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 21, 202–204.
  8. Dusek, J. & Rozkošný, R. (1964) Revision mitteleuropaischer Arten der Familie Stratiomyidae (Diptera) mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Fauna der ČSSR. Acta Societatis Entomologicae Čechosloveniae, 61, 360–373.
  9. Engel, E.O. & Cuthbertson, A. (1939) Systematic and biological notes on some brachycerous Diptera of Southern Rhodesia. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 2, 181–195.
  10. Fabricius, J.C. (1794) Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tom IV. C.G. Proft, Fil. et Soc., Hafniae [Copenhagen], (8) + 472 + (6) pp.
  11. Fabricius, J.C. (1798) Supplementum entomologiae systematicae. Proft et Storch, Hafniae [Copenhagen], 572 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.65803
  12. Fabricius, J.C. (1805) Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae, 172 + 30 pp. [pp. I–XIV + 15–172 + 1–30] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.15806
  13. Fachin, D.A. & Amorim, D.S. (2015) Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of the Neotropical genus Acrochaeta Wiedemann, 1830 (Diptera: Stratiomyidae: Sarginae). Zootaxa, 4050 (1), 1–110. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4050.1.1
  14. Fachin, D.A. & Carvalho-Filho, F.S. (2020) New findings on the Neotropical species Hermetia goncalvensi Albuquerque, 1955 (Diptera: Stratiomyidae): redescription, puparium, and geographical records. Zootaxa, 4755(3), 515–530. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4755.3.4
  15. Fachin, D.A. & Hauser, M. (2022) Large flies overlooked: the genus Hermetia Latreille, 1804 (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) in the Neotropics, with 11 synonyms and a new species to Brazil. Neotropical Entomology, 51, 660–690. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-022-00978-3
  16. Fachin, D.A., Zichinelli, M.M.P. & Barrett, B.R.G. (2022) An illustrated checklist of Stratiomyidae (Diptera: Brachycera) from Paraguay, with three new synonyms and 22 new records of species for the country. Zootaxa, 5190 (1), 1–55.
  17. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.1.1
  18. Fontenelle, J.C.R., Viana-Silva, F.E.C. & Martins, R.P. (2012) Use of Plant Resources by Merosargus (Diptera, Stratiomyidae, Sarginae) Larvae. Psyche, 2012 (Article ID 690203), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/690203
  19. Grünberg, K. (1915) Zoologische Ergebnisse der Expedition des Herrn G. Tessmann nach Südkamerun un Spanisch-Guinea. Diptera. I. Stratiomyidae. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 8 (1), 41–70.
  20. Gudin, F.M., Soares, M.M.M., Fernandes, D.R.R. & Rafael, J.A. (2022) First record of parasitism in soldier flies by tachinids: Lixophaga stratiophaga Gudin, sp. nov. (Diptera: Tachinidae), reared from Ptecticus testaceus (Fabricius) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) in Amazon rainforest and updated catalogue of dipteran hosts of Tachinidae. Austral Entomology, 61 (4), 387–406. https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12620
  21. Iide, P. & Pujol-Luz, J.R. (1999) Redescrição de Merosargus gracilis Williston, 1888 com a descrição das terminálias masculina e feminina (Diptera, Stratiomyidae). Contribuições Avulsas sobre a História Natural do Brasil, Série Zoologia, 2, 1–7.
  22. James, M.T. (1941) A preliminary study of the New World Geosarginae (Dipt., Stratiomyidae). Lloydia, 4, 300–309.
  23. James, M.T. & McFadden, M.W. (1971) The Genus Merosargus in Middle America and the Andean Subregion (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Melanderia, 7 (2), 1–76.
  24. James, M.T. & McFadden, M.W. (1982) The Sarginae (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) of Middle America. Melanderia, 40, (vii–x), 1–50.
  25. Johannsen, O.A. (1922) Stratiomyiid larvae and puparia of the North eastern States. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 30, 141–153.
  26. Johnson, C.W. (1900) Some notes and descriptions of seven new species and one new genus of Diptera. Entomological News, 11 (1), 323–328.
  27. Krivosheina, N.P. (1972) Ecological relations of Diptera breeding under the bark and in the wood of Juglans mandshurica. In: Rol'nasekomikh v lesnikh biogeocenozakh Primor'ya. Trudy Biologo pochvennyi institut DVNTS Akademia Nauk SSSR, Vladivostok, 7 (110), pp. 87–97. [in Russian with an English Summary]
  28. Leal, M. do C.A. & Oliveira, M.H.C.C. (1979) Revisão das espécies brasileiras do gênero Ptecticus Loew, 1855 (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Anais da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 4, 37–102.
  29. Lindner, E. (1928) Dr. L. Zürchers Dipteren-Ausbeute aus Paraguay: Stratiomyiiden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 92 (12), 94–103.
  30. Lindner, E. (1938) Stratiomyiiden aus dem Kongo-Gebeit. (Diptera). Bulletin du Musée royal d’Histoire naturelle de Belgique, 14, 1–35.
  31. Lindner, E. (1949) Neotropische Stratiomyiiden des Britischen Museums in London. Theil I. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 1 (11), 782–821. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222934808653947
  32. Linnaeus C. (1758) Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio Decima, Reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiæ [Stockholm], 823 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542
  33. Loew, H. (1855) Einige Bemerkungen über die Gattung Sargus. Verhandlungen des zoologisch-botanischen Vereins in Wien, 5 (2), 131–148.
  34. Loew, H. (1866) Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria septima. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 10 (1–3), 1–54. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18660100103
  35. Lobanov, A.M. (1960) On the biology and ecology of Microchryza polita L. (Diptera, Stratiomyiidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 39, 341–348. [in Russian with an English Summary]
  36. Lobanov, A.M. (1969) On morphology and ecology of larvae of chameleon flies of the subfamily Sarginae (Diptera, Stratiomyidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 48, 104–107.
  37. Lundbeck, W. (1907) Diptera Danica. Genera and species of flies hitherto found in Denmark. Part I. Stratiomyiidae, Xylophagidae, Coenomyiidae, Tabanidae, Leptidae, Acroceridae. C.E.C. Gad, Copenhagen, 166 pp.
  38. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8545
  39. Macquart, P.J.M. (1834) Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Diptères. Tome Premier. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, (4) + 578 pp.
  40. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14274
  41. Malloch, J.R. (1917) A preliminary classification of Diptera, exclusive of Pupipara, based upon larval and pupal characters, with keys to imagines in certain families. Part 1. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 12 (1915–1917), 161–410.
  42. McFadden, M.W. (1967) Soldier fly larvae in America North of Mexico. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 121, 1–72.
  43. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.121-3569.1
  44. McFadden, N.W. (1968) Larva of Microchrysa flavicornis (Meigen) with a key to larvae of Microchrysa occurring in America North of Mexico. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 70 (2), 148–149.
  45. Meigen, J.W. (1822) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten Europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten. Dritter Theil. Schultz-Wundermann’schen Buchhandlung, Hamm, X + 416 pp.
  46. Michalski, M., Gadawski, P., Klemm, J. & Szpila, K. (2021) New species of soldier fly—Sargus bipunctatus (Scopoli, 1763) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), recorded from a human corpse in Europe—A case report. Insects, 12 (4), 302. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12040302
  47. Müller, G.W. (1925) Kalk in der Haut der Insekten und die Lane von Sargus cuprarius L. Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere, 3, 542–566. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00408190
  48. Pujol-Luz, J.R. & Leite, F.M. (2001) Descrição do último ínstar larval e do pupário de Ptecticus testaceus (Fabr.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Neotropical Entomology, 30 (4), 587–591. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2001000400012
  49. Riccardi, P.R., Fachin, D.A., Ale-Rocha, R., Amaral, E.M., Amorim, D.S., Gil-Azevedo, L.H., Capellari, R.S., Carmo, D.D.D. do, de Carvalho, C.J.B., Ferro, G.B., Flores, H.F., Gomes, L.R.P., Gottschalk, M.S., Lamas, C.J.E., Lampert, S., Marinho, M.A.T., Marques, D.W.A., Mello, R.L., Mello-Patiu, C.A. de, Menezes, M.A., Morales, M.N., Oliveira, S.S. de, Pereira, T.P.L., Pereira-Colavite, A., Pirani, G., Rafael, J.A., Santos, J.R. dos, Savaris, M., Schelesky-Prado, D. de C., Silva, V.C., Sousa, V.R., Urso-Guimarães, M.V., Vargas, L.V., Yamaguchi, C. & Falaschi, R.L. (2022) Checklist of the dipterofauna (Insecta) from Roraima, Brazil, with special reference to the Brazilian Ecological Station of Maracá. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, 62, e202262014. [published online] https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2022.62.014
  50. Roberts, M.J. (1969a) Structure of the mouthparts of the larvae of the flies Rhagio and Sargus in relation to feeding habits. Journal of Zoology, 159, 381–398. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb08453.x
  51. Roberts, M.J. (1969b) Pharyngeal grinding mills in some dipteran larvae. Entomologist, 102, 279–281.
  52. Rozkošný, R. (1973) The Stratiomyioidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna entomologica Scandinavica. Vol. 1. Scandinavian Science Press, Gadstrup, 140 pp.
  53. Rozkošný, R. (1982) A biosystematic study of the European Stratiomyidae (Diptera). Vol. 1. Introduction, Beridinae, Sarginae and Stratiomyinae. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague, 401 pp.
  54. Rozkošný, R. & Kovac, D. (1994) Adults and larvae of two Ptecticus Loew from peninsular Malaysia (Diptera, Stratiomyidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 137 (1), 75–86.
  55. Rozkošný, R. & Kovac, D. (1996) The Malaysian soldier flies of the genus Ptecticus Loew 1855, including new records and descriptions of three new species (Insecta: Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Senckenbergiana biologica, 75 (1–2), 181–191.
  56. Rozkošný, R. & Kovac, D. (1997) Ptecticus minimus, a new species of Sarginae from West Malaysia including the description of its larva and puparium (Insecta: Diptera: Stratiomyidae). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 45 (1), 39–51.
  57. Rozkošný, R. & Kovac, D. (1998) Descriptions of bamboo-inhabiting larvae and puparia of Oriental soldier flies Ptecticus brunettii and P. flavifemoratus (Diptera: Stratiomyidae: Sarginae) with observations on their biology. European Journal of Entomology, 95, 65–86.
  58. Say, T. (1823) Descriptions of dipterous insects of the United States [part]. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 3 (1), 9–32.
  59. Say, T. (1824) Appendix. Part I. Natural History. 1. Zoology. In: Keating, W.H., Narrative of an expedition to the source of St. Peter’s River, Lake Winnepeek, Lake of the Woods, &c. &c. performed in the year 1823, by order of the Hon. J. C. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command of Stephen H. Long, Major U.S.T.E. Compiled from the notes of Major Long, Messrs. Say, Keating, and Colhoun. Vol. 2. H.C. Carey & I. Lea, Philadelphia, pp. i–vi + 253–378.
  60. Say, T. (1829) Descriptions of North American dipterous insects [part]. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 6 (1), 149–178.
  61. Schiner, J.R. (1868) Diptera. In: Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Zweiter Band. 1. Abtheilung. B.K. Gerold’s Sohn, Wien [Vienna], pp. i–vi + 1–388. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7913
  62. Scopoli, J.A. (1763) Entomologia Carniolica exhibens insecta Carnioliae indigena et distributa in ordines, genera, species, varietates. Methodo Linnaeana. Ioannis Thomae Trattner, Vindobonae [Vienna], 418 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.119976
  63. Séguy, E. (1926) Faune de France 13 Diptères (Brachycères) (Stratiomyiidae, Erinnidae, Coenomyiidae, Rhagionidae, Tabanidae, Codidae, Nemestrinidae, Mydaidae, Bombyliidae, Therevidae, Omphralidae). Paul Lechevalier, Paris, (4) + 308 pp.
  64. Torres-Toro, J., Pujol-Luz, J.R. & Wolff, M. (2022) Two new species of Ptecticus Loew, 1855 (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), from bat guano in a Colombian cave. Zootaxa, 5116 (1), 61–88. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5116.1.3
  65. Verhoeff, C. (1895) Zur kenntnis des ausftirbungsprocess bei Dipteren: Chrysomyia polita L. und angaben uber deren larve. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereines der preussischen Rheinlande, 2, 26–32.
  66. Viana, G.G. & Xerez, R. de (2002) Descrição do pupário de Sargus thoracicus Macquart (Diptera, Stratiomyidae, Sarginae). Revista Brasileira Zoologia, 19 (Supplement 2), 79–84. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81752002000600008
  67. Wiedemann, C.R.W. (1824) Munus rectoris in Academia Christiana Albertina aditurus Analecta entomologica ex Museo Regio Havniensi maxime congesta profert iconibusque illustrat. Eregio typoguapheo scholarum, Kiliae [Kiel], 60 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.77322
  68. Wiedemann, C.R.W. (1830) Aussereuropäische zweiflügelige Insekten. Zweiter Theil. Schulzischen Buchhandlung, Hamm, XII + 684 pp.
  69. Williston, S.W. (1885) Notes and descriptions of North American Xylophagidae and Stratiomyidae. The Canadian Entomologist, 17 (7), 121–128. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent17121-7
  70. Williston, S.W. (1888) Diptera Brasiliana, ab H.H. Smith collecta. Part I Stratiomyidae, Syrphidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 15, 243–292. https://doi.org/10.2307/25076505
  71. Woodley, N.E. (2001) A world catalog of Stratiomyidae (Insecta: Diptera). Myia, 11, 1–475.
  72. Zeegers, T., de Bree, E., Fachin, D.A. & Hauser, M. (2022) First record of the soldier fly genus Merosargus from the Palearctic Region (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen, 58, 53–57.
  73. Zetterstedt, J.W. (1842) Diptera scandinaviae disposita et descripta. Tomus Primus. Lundberg, Lund, XVI + 440 pp.