Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5383 No. 4: 13 Dec. 2023
Type: Article
Published: 2023-12-13
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5383.4.5
Page range: 514-536
Abstract views: 174
PDF downloaded: 21

First records of penicillate millipedes (Diplopoda, Polyxenidae) from Thailand, with descriptions of two new species

Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB); Deakin University; 221 Burwood Hwy; Burwood; Melbourne; Australia 3125
Deakin University; 221 Burwood Hwy; Burwood; Melbourne; Australia 3125
Program of Agriculture; Faculty of Agricultural Production; Maejo University; San Sai; Chiang Mai 50290; Thailand
Myriapoda Penicillata Polyxenidae Monographis Unixenus phylogeny

Abstract

Two new species are described from the family Polyxenidae. Monographis panhai sp. nov. and Unixenus thailandicus sp. nov. represent the first records of their respective genera in Thailand. Monographis panhai sp. nov. shows distinct morphological differences in the arrangement of sensilla in the antennomere VI, as well as in the structures of the labrum and the claw. Collections from different areas of Thailand showed that not only is it widespread but also exhibits geographic variation in morphology. Unixenus thailandicus sp. nov. exhibits sexual dimorphism in the number of conical sensilla on the lateral palp, with 24 in males and 22 in females, differing from the typical count of 13 within the genus.

 

References

  1. Attems, C. (1907) Javanische Myriopoden, gesammelt von Direktor K. Kraepelin im Jahre 1903. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg, 24 (1906), 77–142.
  2. Barcode of Life (2010–2023) Available from: http://www.barcodeoflife.org (accessed 20 May 2023)
  3. Condé, B. & Jacquemin, M. (1962) Dipolopodes Pénicillates de Madagascar et des Mascareignes. Revue Française d’Entomologie, 29 (4), 254–285.
  4. Condé, B. & Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. (1963) Diplopodes Pénicillates récoltés à Bombay par P.A. Remy. Revue française d'Entomologie, 30, 68–78.
  5. Condé, B. & Terver, D. (1963). Pénicillates de Côte d’Ivoire (récoltes de M. Vuillaume). Bulletin Scientifique de l’Institut Fondamental d’Afrique Noire, 25 (A), 669–684.
  6. Condé, B. & Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. (1984) Diplopodes pénicillates de Papouasie et de Borneo. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 91 (1), 47–55. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.81868
  7. Condé, B. & Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. (2008) Classification actuelle des Diplopodes Pénicillates (Myriapodes) avec nouvelles définition des taxa. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France, 133 (4), 291–302.
  8. GenBank. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US), National Center for Biotechnology Information. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (accessed 31 May 2023)
  9. Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acid Symposium Series, 41, 95–98.
  10. Huynh, C. & Veenstra, A. (2013) Taxonomy and biology of a new species of Pincushion Millipede of the genus Monographis (Diplopoda: Polyxenida) from Australia. Zootaxa, 3721 (6), 573–588. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3721.6.4
  11. Huynh, C. & Veenstra, A. (2015) Description of a new species of Penicillate Millipede from the genus Monographis (Diplopoda: Polyxenidae) found in Vietnam, Zootaxa, 3964 (4), 460–474. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3964.4.5
  12. Huynh, C. & Veenstra, A. (2018a) Two new species of Phryssonotus (Diplopoda: Synxenidae) from southern and western Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology, 65 (4), 248–256. https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO17074
  13. Huynh, C. & Veenstra, A. (2018b) Two new Lophoturus species (Diplopoda, Polyxenida, Lophoproctidae) from Queensland, Australia. ZooKeys, 741, 133–154. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.741.21814
  14. Huynh, C. & Veenstra, A. (2018c) Two new species of penicillate millipedes (Diplopoda, Polyxenidae) from Phu Quoc Island in southern Vietnam. Zootaxa, 4402 (2), 283–302. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4402.2.3
  15. Huynh, C. & Veenstra, A. (2020) Three new species of penicillate millipedes (Diplopoda, Lophoproctidae and Polyxenidae) from the Con Dao Islands of southeast Vietnam. Zootaxa, 4759 (1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.1
  16. Huynh, C. & Veenstra, A. (2021) A new species of Unixenus Jones, 1944 (Diplopoda, Polyxenidae) found in far north Queensland, Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, Nature, 63, 1–9. https://doi.org//10.17082/j.2204-1478.63.2021.2020-08
  17. Huynh, C. & Veenstra, A. (2022) Four new species of Monographis Attems, 1907 (Diplopoda, Polyxenida, Polyxenidae) from Vietnam. Zootaxa, 5214 (3), 393–420. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.3.4
  18. Ishii, K. & Yin W.Y. (2000) New species of Penicillata (Diplopoda) from Yunnan, Southwest China. In: Aoki, J. Yin W.Y. & Imadate, G. (Eds.), Taxonomical studies on the soil fauna of Yunnan Province in Southwest China. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 91–116.
  19. Jones, S. (1937) On two new south Indian pselaphognathous diplopods. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 119, 138–146.
  20. Jones, S. (1944) Mechanism of defence in a pselaphognathous Diplopod, Unixenus padamanbhii Jones. Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress, 31 (3), 94–95.
  21. Kumar, S., Stecher, G. & Tamura, K. (2021) MEGA11: Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis Version 11. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 38 (7), 3022–3027. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw054
  22. Latreille, P.A. (1831) Cours d’Entomologie et d’histoire naturelle des Crustacés des Arachnides, des Myriapodes et des Insectes à l’usage des élèves de l’école du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, 568 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.4854
  23. Likhitrakarn, N., Srisonchai, R. & Golovatch, S.I. (2023) An Updated Catalogue of the Millipedes (Diplopoda) of Thailand. Tropical Natural History, Supplement 7, 51–92.
  24. Luan, Y.X., Mallatt, J.M., Xie, R.D., Yang, Y.M. & Yin, W.Y. (2005) The phylogenetic positions of three basal-hexapod groups (Protura, Diplura, and Collembola) based on ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 22, 1579–1592. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msi148
  25. Lucas, H. (1840) Histoire Naturelle des Crustacés, des Arachnides et des Myriapodes. P. Duménil, Paris, 600 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44485
  26. Manton, S.M. (1956) The Evolution of Arthropodan Locomotory Mechanisms—Part 5: The Structure, Habits and Evolution of the Pselaphognatha (Diplopoda). Journal of the Linnean Society London, 43, 153–187. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1957.tb02516.x
  27. Meyer, C.P. (2003) Molecular systematics of cowries (Gastropoda: Cypraeidae) and diversification patterns in the tropics. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 79, 401–459. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00197.x
  28. Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. & Condé, B. (1966) Pénicillates nidicoles de Malaisie. Revue d’Ecologie et de Biologie du Sol, 3, 621–624.
  29. Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. & Condé, B. (1967) Morphologie et géonémie du genre Monographis. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 64, 43–81.
  30. Pimvichai, P., Enghoff, H. & Backeljau, T. (2023) Morphological and DNA Sequence Data of Two New Millipede Species of the Thyropygus induratus Subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae). Tropical Natural History, Supplement 7, 107–122.
  31. Short, M. & Huynh, C. (2010) A technique for examination of diagnostic characters of penicillate millipedes. Memoirs of Queensland Museum, Nature, 55, 1, 231–234.
  32. Short, M. & Huynh, C. (2011) The genus Unixenus Jones, 1944 (Diplopoda, Penicillata, Polyxenida) in Australia. Zookeys, 156, 105–122. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.156.2168
  33. Short, M. & Huynh, C. (2013) Four new species of Unixenus Jones, 1944 (Diplopoda, Penicillata, Polyxenida) from Australia. ZooKeys, 278, 75–90. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.278.4765
  34. Silvestri, F. (1948) Tavola sinottica dei generi dei Diplopoda Penicillata. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria, Portici, 8, 214–220.
  35. Turbeville, J.M., Pfeifer, D.M., Field, K.G. & Raff, R.A. (1991) The phylogenetic status of arthropods, as inferred from 18S rRNA sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 8, 669–686.
  36. Turk, F.A. (1947) On a collection of Diplopods from north India, both Cavernicolous and Epigean. Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London, 117, 65–78. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1947.tb00498.x
  37. Verhoeff, K.W. (1924). Results of Dr. E. Mjöbergi’s Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia 1910–1913. 34. Myriapoda: Diplopoda. Arkiv för Zoologi. 16 (5), 1–142.
  38. Verhoeff, K.W. (1934) Über einige meist neue Diplopoden aus den zentralen Südalpen. 134. Diplopoden-Aufsatz. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 107 (5–6), 140–154.
  39. Wesener, T., Voigtländer, K., Decker, P., Oeyen, J.P. & Spelda, J. (2016) Barcoding of Central European Cryptops centipedes reveals large interspecific distances with ghost lineages and new species records from Germany and Austria (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha). ZooKeys, 564, 21–46. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.564.7535
  40. White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J.W. (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T.J. (Eds.), PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, Inc., New York, pp. 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1