Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5004 No. 2: 20 Jul. 2021
Type: Article
Published: 2021-07-20
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5004.2.5
Page range: 343-369
Abstract views: 465
PDF downloaded: 27

Description of three new species of Bradyidius (Copepoda: Calanoida), the new aetideids from the deep Pacific Ocean, with notes on the genera Bradyidius and Aetideopsis

Laboratory of Marine Research, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
German Center for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Senckenberg am Meer, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
Clausocalanoidea Bradyidius taxonomy benthopelagic biogeography Crustacea

Abstract

Three new aetideid species, Bradyidius abyssalis sp. nov., Bradyidius parabyssalis sp. nov., and B. kurilokamchaticus sp. nov. are described from female specimens collected near the seafloor in the abyss of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Specimens of Bradyidius parabyssalis sp. nov. were obtained in both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (Argentine Basin, area of the Meteor Seamount and the Kurile-Kamchatka Trench). Bradyidius abyssalis sp. nov. was found only in the Atlantic Ocean, (Brazil and Guinea Basins and area of the Meteor Seamount) and Bradyidius kurilokamchaticus sp. nov. was recorded from the Kurile-Kamchatka Trench of the Pacific Ocean. Three new herein described Bradyidius species constitute the first documented records of the genus from the abyss of the World Ocean. In addition, three Bradyidius species from the Weddell Sea, the Atlantic Ocean and the Kurile-Kamchatka Trench, are briefly described without biological names due to their bad condition. Bradyidius parabyssalis sp. nov. and B. abyssalis sp. nov. are distinguished from all known congeners by the presence of 3 setae at the basis of the mandible and morphological details of the prosome posterior corners and P1. They show close resemblance to each other but differ in body size, rostrum structure, P4 coxa armament and length of the setae of the antennule ancestral segment I and the mandible basis. Bradyidius kurilokamchaticus sp. nov. shares with B. curtus Markhaseva, 1993, B. pacificus (Brodsky, 1950) and B. arnoldi Fleminger, 1957 a rostrum with non-divergent or parallel points, but differs from these species in the size, the well developed lateral spine on exopod segment 1, in the number of setae at the antenna exopod segment 1 and some morphological details of the prosome posterior corners. Characters that define the genus Bradyidius Giesbrecht, 1897 from Aetideopsis Sars, 1903, i.e. the shape of lateral spines of P1exopod segments 1 and 2; the endopod of P2 segmentation and the setation of the antennule ancestral segments XII, XV and XVII are discussed.

References

  1. Bradford, J.M. (1969) New species of Aetideopsis Sars and Bradyidius Giesbrecht (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the southern hemisphere. New Zealand. Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 3, 73–97.  https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1969.9515279

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1969.9515279

  2. Bradford, J.M. (1976) A new species of Bradyidius (Copepoda: Calanoida) from Mgazana estuary, Pondoland, South Africa, and a review of the closely related genus Pseudotharybis. Annals of the South African Museum, 72, 1–10.

  3. Bradford-Grieve, J.M. (2003) A new species of benthopelagic calanoid copepod of the genus Bradyidius Giesbrecht, 1897 (Calanoida, Artideidae) from New Zealand. New Zealand. Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 37, 95–103.  https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2003.9517149

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2003.9517149

  4. Bradford-Grieve, J.M. & Boxshall, G.A. (2019) Partial re-assessment of the family structure of the Clausocalanoidea (Copepoda: Calanoida) using morphological data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 185, 958–983.  https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zly086

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zly086

  5. Brenke, N. (2005) An epibenthic sledge for operations on marine soft bottom and bedrock. Marine Technology Society Journal, 39, 10–19. https://doi.org/10.4031/002533205787444015

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.4031/002533205787444015

  6. Campaner, A.F. (1978) On some new planktobenthic Aetideidae and Phaennidae (Copepoda, Calanoida) from the Brazilian continental shelf. I. Aetideidae. S. Paulo, Ciência e Cultura, 30, 863–876.

  7. Ferrari, F.D. & Ivanenko, V. (2001) Interpreting segment homologies of the maxilliped of cyclopoid copepods by comparing stage-specific changes during development. Organisms, Diversity and Evolution, 1, 113–131.  https://doi.org/10.1078/1439-6092-00009

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1078/1439-6092-00009

  8. Ferrari, F.D. & Ivanenko, V. (2008) The identity of protopodal segments and the ramus of maxilla 2 of copepods (Copepoda). Crustaceana, 81, 823–835. https://doi.org/10.1163/156854008784771702

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/156854008784771702

  9. Ferrari, F.D. & Markhaseva, E.L. (2000a) Brachycalanus flemingeri and B. brodskyi, two new copepods (Crustacea: Calanoida: Phaennidae) from benthopelagic waters of the tropical Pacific. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 113, 1064–1078.

  10. Ferrari, F.D. & Markhaseva, E.L. (2000b) Grievella shanki, a new genus and species of scolecitrichid calanoid copepod (Crustacea) from a hydrothermal vent along the South East Pacific Rise. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 113, 1079–1088.

  11. Fleminger, A. (1957) New calanoid copepods of the families Aetideidae, Euchaetidae and Stephidae from the Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bulletin of the Fish Wildlife Service, 117, 355–363.

  12. Giesbrecht, W. (1893) Systematik und Faunistik der pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres. Abschnitte. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel, 19, 1–831. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.59541

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.59541

  13. Grice, G.D. (1972) The existence of a bottom-living calanoid copepod fauna in deep water with descriptions of five new species. Crustaceana, 23, 219–242. https://doi.org/10.1163/156854072X00138

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/156854072X00138

  14. Huys, R. & Boxshall, G.A. (1991) Copepod Evolution. The Ray Society, London, 468 pp. https://doi.org/10.1163/193724092x00193

  15. Johannessen, P.J. (1976) A new species and a new record of calanoid copepods from western Norway. Sarsia, 60, 19–24.  https://doi.org/10.1080/00364827.1976.10411293

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00364827.1976.10411293

  16. Markhaseva, E.L. (1993) Two new species of Bradyidius with notes on B. armatus Giesbrecht (Crustacea, Copepoda: Aetideidae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 2, 47–53.

  17. Markhaseva, E.L. (1996) Calanoid copepods of the family Aetideidae of the world ocean. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS, St. Petersburg, 268, 1–331.

  18. Markhaseva, E.L. & Ferrari, F.D. (2006) New benthopelagic bradfordian calanoids (Crustacea: Copepoda) from the Pacific Ocean with comments on generic relationships. Invertebrate Zoology, 2, 111–168.  https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.02.2.01

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.02.2.01

  19. Markhaseva, E.L. & Renz, J. 2015. A new genus, Peniculoides (COPEPODA, CALANOIDA), from deep waters of the North Atlantic with notes one the definition of Clausocalanidae. Crustaceana, 88, 1031–1047.  https://doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003467

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003467

  20. Markhaseva, E.L. & Schnack-Schiel, B. (2003) New and rare calanoid copepods from the Great Meteor Seamount, North Eastern Atlantic. Ophelia, 57 (2), 107–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/00785236.2003.10409508

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00785236.2003.10409508

  21. Markhaseva, E.L. & Schulz, K. (2006) New benthopelagic aetideids (Crustacea: Copepoda): Calanoida) from deep Antarctic waters. Invertebrate Zoology, 3, 137–155. https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.03.2.02

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.15298/invertzool.03.2.02

  22. Markhaseva, E.L. & Schulz, K. (2008) Two new species of Prolutamator gen. nov. and a new species of Pseudotharybis (Copepoda: Calanoida: Aetidaeidae) from deep waters of the South Atlantic and Antarctic. Mitteilung aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 105, 31–51.

  23. Markhaseva, E.L., Laakmann, S. & Renz, J. (2014) An interim synopsis of the Bradfordian families with a description of Thoxancalanus spinatus (Copepoda: Calanoida), a new diaixid genus and species from the deep Atlantic Ocean. Marine Biodiversity, 44, 63–88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-013-0185-0

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-013-0185-0

  24. Markhaseva, E.L., Bradford-Grieve, J. & Renz, J. (2017a) New records of the rare benthopelagic genera Comantenna Wilson, 1924 and Crassantenna Cole, Green, Howcroft et Rawlins, 1972 (Copepoda: Calanoida: Aetideidae) from the North Pacific abyss. Arthropoda Selecta, 26, 25–34. https://doi.org/10.15298/arthsel.26.1.04

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.15298/arthsel.26.1.04

  25. Markhaseva, E.L., Mohrbeck, I. & Renz, J. (2017b) Description of Pseudeuchaeta vulgaris n. sp. (Copepoda: Calanoida), a new aetideid species from the deep Pacific Ocean with notes on the biogeography of benthopelagic aetideid calanoids. Marine Biodiversity, 47, 289–297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-016-0527-9

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-016-0527-9

  26. Matthews, J.B.L. (1964) On the biology of some bottom-living copepods (Aetideidae and Phaennidae) from western Norway. Sarsia, 16, 1–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/00364827.1964.10409532

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00364827.1964.10409532

  27. McKinnon, A.D., Corley, J. & Duggan, S. (2011) Two new species of Aetideopsis (Copepoda, Aetideidae) from the Eastern Indian Ocean. Crustaceana, 84, 831–848. https://doi.org/10.1163/001121611X566767

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/001121611X566767

  28. Othsuka, S., Boxshall, G.A. & Shimomura, M. (2005) Three new species of deep-sea hyperbenthic aetideid copepods (Crustacea) collected from Nansei Islands, southwestern Japan. In: Hasegawa, K, Shinohara, G. & Takeda, M. (Eds.), Deep-Sea Fauna and Pollutants in Nansei Islands. National Science Museum Monographs, 29, pp. 225–247.

  29. Othman, B.H.R. & Greenwood, J.G. (1987) A new species of Bradyidius (Copepoda, Calanoida) from the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia. Journal of Plankton Research, 9, 1133–1141.  https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/9.6.1133

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/9.6.1133

  30. Park, T.S. (1966) A new species of Bradyidius (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the Pacific coast of North America. Journal of the Fishery Research Board of Canada, 23, 805–811.  https://doi.org/10.1139/f66-074

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/f66-074

  31. Park, T.S. (1975) Calanoid copepods of the genera Aetideopsis, Pseudaetideus, and Chiridius from the Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science, 25, 272–290.

  32. Park, T.S. (1978) Calanoid copepods (Aetideidae and Euchaetidae) from Antarctic and Subantarctic warers. In: Biology of the Antarctic seas. Vol. 7. Antarctic Research Series, 27, pp. 91–290. https://doi.org/10.1029/AR027p0091

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/AR027p0091

  33. Razouls, C., Desreumaux, N., Kouwenberg, J. & de Bovée, F. (2005–2020) Biodiversity of Marine Planktonic Copepods (morphology, geographical distribution and biological data). Sorbonne University, CNRS. Available from: http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en (accessed 30 June 2021)

  34. Renz, J. & Markhaseva, E.L. (2015) First insights into genus level diversity and biogeography of deep sea benthopelagic calanoid copepods in the South Atlantic and Southern Ocean. Deep-Sea Research Part I, 105, 96–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2015.08.007

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2015.08.007

  35. Sars, G.O. (1902) Copepoda Calanoida, Parts V & VI, Scolecithricidae, Stephidae,  Tharybidae, Pseudocyclopiidae. An Account of the Crustacea of Norway, with  short descriptions and figures of all the species, Bergen Museum, 4, 49–72, pls. 33–48.

  36. Sedova, N.A., Grigoryev, A.S. & Grigoryev, S.S. (2009) Morphological variation in Bradyidius pacificus (Brodsky, 1950) (Copepoda: Aetideidae) in the eastern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. Zoosystematica Rossica, 18, 17–24. https://doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2009.18.1.17

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2009.18.1.17

  37. Shih, C.T., Rainville, L. & Maclellan, D.C. (1981) Copepodids of Bradyidius similis (Sars, 1902) (Crustacea: Copepoda) in the Saguenay Fjord and the St. Lawrence Estuary. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 59 (6), 1079–1093. https://doi.org/10.1139/z81-150

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/z81-150

  38. Schulz, K. (2002) A new species of the hyperbenthic copepod genus Comantenna Wilson, 1924 (Calanoida: Aetideidae) from the eastern Weddell Sea. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 99, 101–107.

  39. Schulz, K. & Markhaseva, E.L. (2000) Parabradyidius angelikae, a new genus and species of benthopelagic copepod (Calanoida: Aetideidae) from the deep Weddell Sea (Antarctica). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 97, 77–89.

  40. Vervoort, W. (1952) Copepoda. Sub-order: Calanoida. Family: Aetideidae. Genera: Bradyidius, Bradyetes, Bryaxis. Fiches d’Identification du Zooplankton, Sheet 44, 1–4.

  41. Wolfenden, R.N. (1911) Die marinen Copepoden der Deutschen Südpolar Expedition 1901–1902. II. Die pelagischen Copepoden der Westwinddrift und des südlichen Eismeers met Beschreibung mehrerer neuer Arten aus dem Atlantischen Ozean. Dt. Südpolar-Exped., 12 (Zoology 4), 181–380.

  42. Zvereva, Zh.A. (1977) A new species of Aetideopsis Sars (Copepoda: Calanoida) from Aniva Bay (Okhotsk Sea). In: Marine plankton (systematics and faunistics). Issledovaniya Fauny Morei, 20 (28), 6–8. [in Russian]