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Type: Article
Published: 2019-07-16
Page range: 151–198
Abstract views: 297
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Geographic structure of genetic variation in the Parachute Gecko Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905 across Indochina and Sundaland with descriptions of three new species

Herpetology Laboratory, Department of Biology, La Sierra University, 4500 Riverwalk Parkway, Riverside, California 92515, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences & Museum of Natural History, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA.
Herpetology Laboratory, Department of Biology, La Sierra University, 4500 Riverwalk Parkway, Riverside, California 92515, USA.
School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
Wild Earth Allies, #77a, St. Betong, Bayab Village, Sk. Phnom Penh Thmei, Kh. Sen Sok, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
National University of Laos, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 2273, Dong Dok Campus, Vientiane, Laos.
National University of Laos, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 2273, Dong Dok Campus, Vientiane, Laos.
National University of Laos, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 2273, Dong Dok Campus, Vientiane, Laos.
Section of Research & Collections, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73072-7029, USA.
Global Genome Initiative, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 20013, USA.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Dyche Hall, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7561, USA.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Dyche Hall, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7561, USA.
Reptilia Asia Gekkonidae gliding integrative taxonomy phylogeography species complex

Abstract

An integrative taxonomic analysis of the Ptychozoon lionotum group across its range in Indochina and Sundaland recovers P. lionotum sensu lato Annandale, 1905 as paraphyletic with respect to P. popaense Grismer, Wood, Thura, Grismer, Brown, & Stuart, 2018a and composed of four allopatric, genetically divergent, ND2 mitochondrial lineages. Multivariate and univariate analyses of continuous and discrete morphological and color pattern characters statistically and discretely diagnose each lineage from one another and together, with maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses, provide the foundation for the recognition of each lineage as a new species—hypotheses corroborated with a Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent species delimitation analysis. Ptychozoon cicakterbang sp. nov. ranges throughout Peninsular Malaysia to Pulau Natuna Besar, Indonesia; P. kabkaebin sp. nov. is endemic to northern and central Laos; and P. tokehos sp. nov. ranges from southern Thailand south of the Isthmus of Kra northward to Chiang Mai, fringing the Chao Phraya Basin and ranging southward through Cambodia to southern Vietnam. Ptychozoon lionotum sensu stricto ranges from northwestern Laos through southern Myanmar to eastern India. The phylogeographic structure within each species varies considerably with P. lionotum s.s. showing no genetic divergence across its 1,100 km range compared to P. cicakterbang sp. nov. showing upwards of 8.2% sequence divergence between syntopic individuals. Significant phylogeographic structure exists within P. tokehos sp. nov. and increased sampling throughout Thailand may require additional taxonomic changes within this species.

 

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