Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 4276 No. 4: 14 Jun. 2017
Type: Article
Published: 2017-06-14
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4276.4.9
Page range: 582–590
Abstract views: 111
PDF downloaded: 2

A new species of Calyptotheca (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) from Alexandria, Egypt, southeastern Mediterranean

National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK.
Oceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Bryozoa non-indigenous species fouling new species Lanceoporidae

Abstract

Beginning in December 2015, an unknown bryozoan with large, deep-orange colonies began to appear in the Eastern Harbour of Alexandria, Egypt. Here we identify the species as belonging to the predominantly Indo-Pacific cheilostome genus Calyptotheca Harmer, 1957 and describe it as a new species, Calyptotheca alexandriensis n. sp. The new species exhibits intensive growth sporadically on different hard substrata, including rocks, submerged concrete walls, ropes, ships’ hulls, and metal pipes supporting marina piers. It is restricted to the Eastern Harbour, particularly in shallow parts, with the densest aggregations on the metal pier supports. The source of this bryozoan is enigmatic but most likely involved introduction by shipping.

 

References

  1. Abdel-Salam, Kh.M. (2014) Benthic bryozoan fauna from the Northern Egyptian coast. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 40, 269–282.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2014.10.001

    Abdel-Salam, Kh.M. & Ramadan, Sh.E. (2008a) Fouling Bryozoa from some Alexandria harbours, Egypt. (I) Erect species. Mediterranean Marine Science, 9 (1), 31–47.

    Abdel-Salam, Kh.M. & Ramadan, Sh.E. (2008b) Fouling Bryozoa from some Alexandria harbours, Egypt. (II) Encrusting species. Mediterranean Marine Science, 9 (2), 5–20.

    Ayari, R. & Taylor, P.D. (2014) Some Bryozoa from Tunisia, Western Mediterranean Sea. Studi Trentini di Scienze Naturali, 94, 11–20.

    Bock, P., Reverter Gil, O. & Hayward, P. (2017) Calyptotheca Harmer, 1957. In: Bock, P. & Gordon, D. (Eds.), World List of Bryozoa. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species. Available from: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=110934 (accessed 11 April 2017)

    Busk, G. (1852) An account of the Polyzoa, and sertularian zoophytes, collected in the Voyage of the Rattlesnake, on the coasts of Australia and the Louisiade Archipelago. In: MacGillivray, J. (Ed.), Narrative of the Voyage of the H.M.S. Rattlesnake. Vol. 1. T. & W. Boone, London, pp. 343–402, pl. 1.

    Canu, F. & Bassler, R.S. (1929) Bryozoa of the Philippine region. United States National Museum Bulletin, 100, 1–685, 94 pls.

    Cumming, R.L. & Tilbrook, K.J. (2014) Six species of Calyptotheca (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata, Lanceoporidae) from the Gulf of Carpentaria and northern Australia, with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 3827 (2), 147–169.

    Dorgham, M.M. (2011) Eutrophication Problem in Egypt. In: Ansari, A.A., Sarvajeet, S.G., Lanza, G.R. & Rast, W. (Eds.), Eutrophication: Causes, Consequences and Control. Springer, Netherlands.

    Dumont, J.P.C. (1981) A report on the cheilostome Bryozoa of the Sudanese Red Sea. Journal of Natural History, 15, 623–637.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938100770441

    Elmasry, E., Omar, H.A., Abdel Razek, F.A. & El-Magd, M.A. (2013) Preliminary studies on habitat and diversity of some sea urchin species (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) on the southern Levantine basin of Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 39, 303–311.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2013.12.009

    El-Haweet, A.E., Fishar, M.R., Geneid, Y. & Abdel-Moula, E. (2011) Assessment of fisheries and marine biodiversity of Sallum Gulf, Egypt. International Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering (IJESE), 1, 21–34.

    El-Komi, M.M. (2012) Distribution of benthic communities affected by human activities in the west coast of Alexandria, Mediterranean Sea, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries, 16 (1), 41–59.

    Galil, B.S. & Gevili, R. (2014) Zoobotryon verticillatum (Bryozoa: Ctenostomatida, Vesiculariidae), a new occurrence on the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Marine Biodiversity Records, 7, e17, 1–4.

    Gordon, D.P. & Mawatari, S.F. (1992) Atlas of marine-fouling Bryozoa of New Zealand ports and harbours. Miscellaneous Publications, N.Z. Oceanographic Institute, 107, 1–52.

    Guha, A.K. & Gopikrishna, K. (2007) New celleporid (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) species from the Tertiary deposits of western Kachchh, Gujarat, India. Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 81, 83–92.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02988381

    Harmelin, J.-G. (1997) Diversity of bryozoans in a Mediterranean sublittoral cave with bathyal-like conditions: role of dispersal processes and local factors. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 153, 139–152.
    https://doi.org/10.3354/meps153139

    Harmelin, J.-G. (2014) Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea—new records from the coast of Lebanon. Zootaxa, 3893 (3), 301–308.

    Harmelin, J.-G., Bitar, G. & Zibrowius, H. (2016) High xenodiversity versus low native biodiversity in the south-eastern Mediterranean: bryozoans from the coastal zone of Lebanon. Mediterranean Marine Science, 17 (2), 417–439.
    https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.1429

    Harmelin, J.G., López de la Cuadra, C. & García-Gómez, J.C. (1989) Description et variabilité de Calyptotheca obscura n. sp. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata). Bulletin du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 11, 295–305.

    Harmer, S.F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga Expeditie, 28d, xv + 641–1147, pls. 42–74.

    Hayward, P.J. (1974) Studies on the cheilostome bryozoan fauna of the Aegean island of Chios. Journal of Natural History, 8, 369–402.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937400770321

    Levinsen, G.M.R. (1909) Morphological and Systematic Studies on the Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Nationale Forfatteres Forlag, Copenhagen, vii + 427 pp., 24 pls.

    López de la Cuadra, C.M. & García Gómez, J.C. (2001) New and Little-known ascophoran bryozoans from the Western Mediterranean, collected by ‘Fauna Ibérica’ expeditions. Journal of Natural History, 35, 1717–1732.

    Loxton, J., Wood, C.A., Bishop, J.D.D., Porter, J.S., Spencer Jones, M. & Nall, C.R. (2017) Distribution of the invasive bryozoan Schizoporella japonica in Great Britain and Ireland and a review of its European distribution. Biological Invasions.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1440-2

    MacGillivray, P.H. (1879) Polyzoa. In: McCoy, F. (Ed.), Prodromus of the Zoology of Victoria; or, Figures and descriptions of the living species of all classes of the Victorian indigenous animals. Vol. I. Decade IV. Government Printer, Melbourne, pp. 21–40, pls. 35–39.

    Morri, C., Bianchi, C.N., Cocito, S., Peirano, A., De Biase, A.M., Aliani, S., Pansini, M., Boyer, M., Ferdeghini, F., Pestarino, M. & Dando, P. (1999) Biodiversity of marine sessile epifauna at an Aegean island subject to hydrothermal activity: Milos, eastern Mediterranean Sea. Marine Biology, 135, 729–739.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s002270050674

    Ortmann, A. (1890) Die Japanische Bryozoenfauna. Bericht über die von Herrn Dr. L. Döderlein im Jahre 1880-81 gemachten Sammlungen. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 54, 1–74.

    Osburn, R.C. (1952) Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America, Part 2, Cheilostomata-Ascophora. Reports of the Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 14, 271–611.

    Ostrovsky, A., Cáceras-Chamizo, J.P. & Vávra, N. (2017) Bryozoan collection from the Northern Bay of Safaga (Red Sea). Available from: https://www.univie.ac.at/Palaeontologie/Sammlung/Bryozoa/Safaga_Bay.html (accessed 20 March 2017)

    Ramadan, S.E., Kheirallah, A.M., Abdel-Salam, K.M. (2006) Marine fouling community in the Eastern harbour of Alexandria, Egypt compared with four decades of previous studies. Mediterranean Marine Science, 7 (2), 19–29.
    https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.167

    Rosso, A. (2009) The first catenicellid (Bryozoa, Ascophora) from Mediterranean shallow-waters: a hidden resident or a new immigrant? Journal of Natural History, 43, 2209–2226.

    Rosso, A. & Di Martino, Ε. (2016) Bryozoan diversity in the Mediterranean Sea: an update. Mediterranean Marine Science, 17 (2), 567–607.
    https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.1706

    Ryland, J.S., Rohan, H., Loxton, J., Spencer Jones, M.E. & Porter, J.S. (2014) First occurrence of the non-native bryozoan Schizoporella japonica Ortmann (1890) in Western Europe. Zootaxa, 3780 (3), 481–502.

    Said, M.A. & Eid, F.M. (1994) Circulation pattern of the Egyptian Mediterranean waters during winter and summer seasons. Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, 3, 91–100.

    Said, M.A. & Maiyza, I.A. (1987) Effect of the domestic sewage discharge on the hydrographic regime of the Eastern Harbour of Alexandria, Egypt. Bulletin of Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Egypt, 13, 1–20.

    Schwartz, S.A. (1980) A preliminary survey of the Eastern Harbour, Alexandria, Egypt including a comparison of side scan sonar and remote viewing. The Mobious Group, Annual Meeting of the Society for Underwater Archaeology, Egypt. Available from: http://www.stephanaschwartz.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Eastern-Harbor.pdf?x23564 (accessed 22 May 2017)

    Smitt, F.A. (1868) Kritisk förteckning öfver Skandinaviens Hafs-Bryozoer. IV. Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, 25, 3–230.

    Sokolover, N., Taylor, P.D. & Ilan, M. (2016) Bryozoa from the Mediterranean coast of Israel: global warming and the influx of tropical species. Mediterranean Marine Science, 17 (2), 440–458.
    https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.1390

    Souto, J., Reverter-Gil, O. & Fernández-Pulpeiro, E. (2010) Bryozoa from detritic bottoma in the Menorca Channel (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean), with notes on the genus Cribellopora. Zootaxa, 2536, 36–52.

    Taylor, P.D. & Tan, S.H.A. (2015) Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia. European Journal of Taxonomy, 149, 1–34.
    https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2015.149

    Waters, A.W. (1909) Reports on the marine biology of the Sudanese Red Sea. 12. The Bryozoa. Part 1. Cheilostomata. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology) London, 31, 123–181.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1909.tb00458.x

    Waters, A.W. (1913) The marine fauna of British East Africa and Zanzibar, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M.A., B.Sc., F.Z.S., in the years 1901–1902. Bryozoa—Cheilostomata. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1913, 458–537.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1913.tb06141.x

    Watts, P.C., Thorpe, J.P. & Taylor, P.D. (1998) Natural and anthropogenic dispersal mechanisms in the marine environment: a study using cheilostome Bryozoa. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B, 353, 453–464.
    https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0222

    Zaghloul, F.A. (2015) Short term eutrophication in the Eastern Harbour of Alexandria, Egypt. Asian Journal of Advanced Basic Science, 3 (2), 91–98.

    Zenetos, A., Gofas, S., Morri, C., Rosso, A. & Violanti, D. (2012) Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2012. A contribution to the application of European Union’s Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part 2. Trends in introduction and pathway. Mediterranean Marine Science, 13 (2), 328–352.