Abstract
A new species of Chydoridae cladoceran (Crustacea: Cladocera: Chydoridae) is described from the Cerrado (a Brazilian tropical savanna ecoregion), Central Brazil. Ephemeroporus quasimodo sp. nov. differs from other species of the genus in a high dorsal keel on carapace and posterior part of the head shield, which resembles a hunchback. Parthenogenetic females, ephippial females and males are described, including details of trunk limb morphology. The species is endemic to shallow wetlands found in the Cerrado, where pristine conditions are preserved. Some questions on genus morphology and taxonomic status of Ephemeroporus species occurring in Brazil are discussed.