Abstract
Several recent publications have made recommendations for changes in the taxonomy of plethodontid salamanders. Here formal taxonomic proposals are made, in accordance with the Code, regarding family-group taxa. Subfamilies Hemidactyliinae and Plethodontinae are recognized, the former with four tribes and the latter with five tribes. Genera are assigned to the tribes, and subgenera are recognized in the genera Batrachoseps, Bolitoglossa, Hydromantes, Oedipina and Plethodon.
References
AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian and conservation. (2012) Electronic Database accessible at http://amphibiaweb.org/. Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California at Berkeley (accessed: July 30, 2012).
Blackburn, D.C. & Wake, D.B. (2011) Class Amphibia Gray, 1825. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.), Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa, 3148, 26–38.
Buckley, D., Wake, M.H. & Wake, D.B. (2010) Comparative skull osteology of Karsenia koreana (Amphibia, Caudata, Plethodontidae). Journal of Morphology, 271, 533–558.
Camp, C.D., Peterman, W.E., Milanovich, J.R., Lamb, T., Maerz, J.C., & Wake, D.B. (2009) A new genus and species of lungless salamander (family Plethodontidae) from the Appalachian highlands of the south-eastern United States. Journal of Zoology, 279, 86–94.
Chippindale, P.T., Bonett, R.M. Baldwin, A.S. & Wiens, J.J. (2004) Phylogenetic evidence for a major reversal of life-history evolution in plethodontid salamanders. Evolution, 58, 2809–2822.
Dubois, A. (2005) Amphibia Mundi 1.1. An ergotaxonomy of recent amphibians. Alytes, 23, 1–24.
Dubois, A. (2008) Phylogenetic hypotheses, taxa and nomina in zoology. Zootaxa, 1950, 51–86.
Dubois, A. & Raffaëlli, J. (2009) A new ergotaxonomy of the family Salamandridae Goldfuss 1820 (Amphibia, Urodela). Alytes, 26, 1–85.
Frost, D.R. (2011) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.5 (31 January, 2011). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/ American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
Hallowell, E. (1856) Descriptions of several species of Urodela, with remarks on the geographical distribution of the Caducibranchiate division of these animals and their classification. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 8, 6–11.
International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4th Edition. (1999) International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK.
Kozak, K.H., Mendyk, R.W. & Wiens, J.J. (2009) Can parallel diversification occur in sympatry? Repeated patterns of body-size evolution in coexisting clades of North American salamanders. Evolution, 63, 1769–1784.
Lombard, R.E. & Wake, D.B. (1986) Tongue evolution in the lungless salamanders, family Plethodontidae. II. Function and evolutionary diversity. Journal of Morphology, 153, 39–79.
Lombard, R.E. & Wake, D.B. (1986) Tongue evolution in the lungless salamanders, family Plethodontidae. IV. Phylogeny of plethodontid salamanders and the evolution of feeding dynamics. Systematic Zoology, 35, 532–551.
Min, M.S., Yang, S.Y., Bonett, R.M., Vieites, D.R., Brandon, R.A. & Wake, D.B. (2005) Discovery of the first Asian plethodontid salamander. Nature, 435, 87–90.
Mueller, R.L., Macey, J.R. , Jaekel, M., Wake, D.B. & Boore, J.L. (2004) Morphological homoplasy, life history evolution, and historical biogeography of plethodontid salamanders inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 10, 13820–13825.
Pyron, R.A. & Wiens, J.J. (2011) A large-scale phylogeny of Amphibia including over 2800 species, and a revised classification of extant frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 61, 543–583.
Vieites, D.R., Min, M.-S. & Wake, D.B. (2007) Rapid diversification and dispersal during periods of global warming by plethodontid salamanders. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 104, 19903–19907
Vieites, D.R., Nieto Román, S., Wake, M.H. & Wake, D.B. (2011) A multigenic perspective on phylogenetic relationships in the largest family of salamander, the Plethodontidae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 59, 623–635.
Wake, D.B. (1966) Comparative osteology and evolution of the lungless salamanders, family Plethodontidae. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Science, 4, 1–111.
Wake, D.B., Blackburn, D.C., & Lombard, E.R. (2012) An assessment of the extent of homoplasy in the evolution of tongue feeding in plethodontid salamanders. In review.