Abstract
This study reviews the taxonomy of cestodes of the genus Catenotaenia Janicki, 1904 (Cyclophyllidea: Catenotaeniidae) in Eurasia and presents the first molecular phylogenetic hypothesis of Catenotaenia, Skrjabinotaenia Ahumyan, 1946 and Meggittina Lynsdale, 1953, all parasites of rodents. The phylogenetic data are based on sequences of 28S ribosomal RNA. The analysis does not support the proposed subfamilial classification of the Catenotaeniidae into Catenotaeniinae Spasskii, 1949 and Skrjabinotaeniinae Genov & Tenora, 1979. Instead, the main division appears to be between Eurasian species and a basal Nearctic species. The results support the monophyly of the Skrjabinotaeniinae but not that of the Catenotaeniinae or Catenotaenia as traditionally understood. It is suggested that the Old World catenotaeniid cestodes appeared in murid rodents and diverged subsequently as Skrjabinotaenia and Meggittina (Skrjabinotaeniinae) in Africa. According to the molecular phylogeny, Eurasian Catenotaenia codiverged with their hosts, with the exception of Catenotaenia dendritica that originated via a host shift from murid rodents to squirrels. The crown clade of Eurasian Catenotaenia consists only of species found in cricetid rodents and the three terminal species only in the Arvicolinae (voles). Phylogenetic structure within the Eurasian Catenotaenia clade suggests seven distinct lineages, three of which are described as new: C. apodemi n. sp. from Apodemus peninsulae (type host) from the Republic of Buryatia and from Apodemus uralensis from the Lower Tunguska River, North-Central Siberia (Russian Federation); C. cricetuli n. sp. from Cricetulus barabensis from the Republic of Buryatia and C. microti n. sp. from Microtus socialis from Kazakhstan. A new genus (Catenotaenioides n. g.) is proposed for C. kirgizica Tokobaev, 1959, a basal species within the Old World clade. Of the various morphological features, proglottid form (short acraspedote proglottids widest at middle vs. elongated craspedote proglottids widest posteriorly) is consistent with the phylogenetic pattern exhibited by catenotaeniid cestodes.References
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