Abstract
The modern era in diplopod taxonomy began in 1971 with publication of the Nomenclator Generum et Familiarum Diplopodorum. Along with the internet and electronic communications, this pioneering work catalyzed an increased output of synthetic publications beyond mere species descriptions, thereby leading to accelerating advancements. Significant taxonomic and/or cataloging studies have since occurred in 14 of the 16 established orders, all except Stemmiulida and Siphoniulida. Important faunistic works have appeared on Canada, Mexico, Asian Russia, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Thailand, Iran, Turkey, central Asia in general, Belgium, Scandinavia, Great Britain & Ireland, Madagascar, and the Comoros, Canary, Cape Verde, and Galapagos Islands. The complete known ranges of four orders, four superfamilies, and 47 families have been mapped along with partial, regional mappings for seven other orders and seven families. With only one resident taxonomist, continental regions of the Neotropics warrant concentrated attention in future years, and emphasis on Chinese millipeds will surely continue because of the discovery of a substantial southeast Asian callipodidan fauna. Taxonomic emphases are needed in the Spirobolidea (Spirobolida), to assess affinities between the 10 component families, and Spirostreptida, to determine taxonomic positions of the suborders Cambalidea & Epinannolenidea. Resolution of the latter may derive from development of the "8th gonopod clade" concept, involving the orders Chordeumatida, Callipodida, Stemmiulida, Polydesmida, & Siphoniulida, and the suborder Spirostreptidea (Spirostreptida). Attributes of the global diplopod community are discussed.
References
Adis, J. (2002) Taxonomical classification and biodiversity. pp. 13–15, In: Adis, J., ed., Amazonian Arachnida and Myriapoda. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow, 590 pp.
Andersson, G., Meidell, B.A., Scheller, U., Djursvoll, P., Budd, G., & Gärdenfors, U. (2005) Nationalnyckeln till Sveriges flora och fauna. Mångfotingar. Myriapoda. Art Databanken. SLU, Uppsala, 351 pp.
Bueno-Villegas, J., & Fernández, P.R. (1999) Fauna de Milpies (Arthropoda: Diplopoda) edaficos de una selva alta de Los Tuxtlas, Ver. Mexico. Acta Zoologica Mexicana (n.s. 76), 59–83.
Bueno-Villegas, J., Sierwald, P., & Bond, J.E. (2004) Diplopoda, pp. 569–599, In: Llorente, B.J., Morrone, J.J., Yáñez, O., y Vargas, I. (eds.), Biodiversidad, Taxonomía y Biogeografía de Artrópodos de México: Hacia una síutesis de su conocimiento. IV. UNAM. México.
Causey, N.B. (1974) The phylogeny of the family Paraiulidae (Paraiuloidea: Blaniulidea: Iulida: Diplopoda). Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, 32, 23–39.
Condé, B. (1996) Une approche des Diplopoda Penicillata de l'Amérique du Nord. In: Geoffroy, J.-J., Mauriès, J.-P., & Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. (eds.), Acta Myriapodologica. Mémoire du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 169, 127–135.
Cook, O.F. (1895) Introductory note on the families of Diplopoda, pp. 1–8, In: Cook, O.F. & Collins, G.N., eds., The Craspedosomatidae of North America, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 9, 1–100.
Crawford, C.S. (1979) Desert millipedes: a rationale for their distribution. pp. 171–181, In: Camatini, M., ed., Myriapod Biology. Academic Press, London. 456 pp.
Djursvoll, P., Golovatch, S.I., Johanson, K.A., & Meidell, B. (2001 [2000]) Phylogenetic relationships within Polydesmus sensu lato (Diplopoda: Polydesmidae). Fragmenta Faunistica, 43 Supplement, 37–59.
Dohle, W. (1988) Myriapoda and the Ancestry of Insects. Manchester Polytechnic, UK, 28 pp.
Enghoff, H. (1979a) The millipede genus Okeanobates (Diplopoda, Julida: Nemasomatidae). Steenstrupia, 5(9), 161–178.
Enghoff, H. (1979b) A new genus and species of the millipede family Nemasomatidae (Diplopoda, Julida). Steenstrupia, 5(8), 149–159.
Enghoff, H. (1981) A cladistic analysis and classification of the millipede order Julida. Zeitschrift für Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung, 19(4), 285–319.
Enghoff, H. (1982a) The Zosteractinidae, a Nearctic family of millipedes (Diplopoda, Julida). Entomologica Scandinavica, 13, 403–413.
Enghoff, H. (1982b) An extraordinary new genus of the millipede family Nemasomatidae (Diplopoda: Julida). Myriapodologica, 1(11), 69–80.
Enghoff, H. (1983) Phylogeny of millipedes – a cladistic anaylsis. Zeitschrift für Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung, 22(1), 8–26.
Enghoff, H. (1984) A revision of the Nopoiulinae, with notes on the classification of blaniulid millipedes (Diplopoda: Julida: Blaniulidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 64(4/6), 393–427.
Enghoff, H. (1985) The millipede family Nemasomatidae. With the description of a new genus, and a revision of Orinisobates (Diplopoda: Julida). Entomologica Scandinavica, 16, 27–67.
Enghoff, H. (1991) A revised cladistic analysis and classification of the millipede order Julida. Zeitschrift für Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung, 29, 241–263.
Enghoff, H. (1993a) Phylogenetic biogeography of a Holarctic group: the julidan millipedes. Cladistic subordinateness as an indicator of dispersal. Journal of Biogeography, 20, 525–536.
Enghoff, H. (1993b) Cape Verdean millipedes (Diplopoda). Tropical Zoology, 6, 207–216.
Enghoff, H. (1996) The penis as a phylogenetic character in the millipede family Julidae. In: Geoffroy, J.-J., Mauriès, J.-P., & Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. (eds.), Acta Myriapodologica. Mémoire du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 169, 313–326.
Enghoff, H. (2003) Diplopoda, Millipedes. pp. 617–627, In: Goodman, S.M., & Benstead, J.P., eds., The Natural History of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press.
Enghoff, H. (2005) The millipedes of Thailand. Steenstrupia, 29(1), 87–103.
Enghoff, H. (2006) The millipedes of Turkey (Diplopoda). Steenstrupia, 29(2), 175–198.
Enghoff, H., & Golovatch, S.I. (1995) A revision of the Siphonocryptidae (Diplopoda, Polyzoniida). Zoologica Scripta, 24(1), 29–41.
Enghoff, H., & Moravvej, S.A. (2005) A review of the millipede fauna of Iran (Diplopoda). Zoology in the Middle East, 35, 61–72.
Enghoff, H., Dohle, W., & Blower, J.G. (1993) Anamorphosis in millipedes (Diplopoda) – the present state of knowledge with some developmental and phylogenetic considerations. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 109, 103–234.
Enghoff, H., Golovatch, S.I., & Nguyen, D.A. (2004) A review of the millipede fauna of Vietnam (Diplopoda). Arthropoda Selecta, 13(1–2), 29–43.
Gardner, M.R. (1975 [1974]) Revision of the millipede family Andrognathidae in the Nearctic region. Memoirs of the Pacific Coast Entomological Society, 5, 1–61.
Gardner, M.R., & Shelley, R.M. (1989) New records, species, and genera of caseyid millipeds from the Pacific Coast of North America (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Caseyidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 65(2), 177–268.
Geoffroy, J.-J. (1996) The French millipede survey: towards a comprehensive inventory and cartography of the Diplopoda in France. In: Geoffroy, J.-J., Mauriès, J.-P., & Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. (eds.), Acta Myriapodologica. Mémoire du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 169, 269–280.
Golovatch, S.I. (1986a) Diplopoda from the Nepal Himalayas: Polydesmidae, Fuhrmannodesmidae. Senckenbergiana Biologica, 66(4/6), 345–369.
Golovatch, S.I. (1986b) The first Chordeumatida (Diplopoda) from Tasmania, with the description of a new genus and three new species. Zoologische Jahrbücher Systematik, 113, 251–264.
Golovatch, S.I. (1987) Diplopoda from the Nepal Himalayas. Opisotretidae, additional Polydesmidae and Fuhrmannodesmidae. Courier des Forschungsinstituts Senckenberg, 93, 203–217.
Golovatch, S.I. (1990) Diplopoda from the Nepal Himalayas. Several additional Polydesmidae and Fuhrmannodesmidae (Polydesmida). Spixiana, 13(3), 237–252.
Golovatch, S.I. (1991) The millipede family Polydesmidae in southeast Asia, with notes on phylogeny (Diplopoda: Polydesmida). Steenstrupia, 17(4), 141–159.
Golovatch, S.I. (1992) Review of the Neotropical fauna of the millipede family Fuhrmannodesmidae, with the description of four new species from near Manaus, Central Amazonia, Brazil (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Amazoniana, 12(2), 207–226.
Golovatch, S.I. (1996a) Two new and one little-known species of the millipede family Pyrgodesmidae from near Manaus, Central Amazonia, Brazil (Diplopoda: Polydesmida). Amazoniana, 14(1/2), 109–120.
Golovatch, S.I. (1996b) The millipede family Paradoxosomatidae on Borneo, with contributions to the faunas of some other islands of the Sunda area (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 103(1), 151–193.
Golovatch, S.I. (2001) Agnurodesmus siolii n. sp., the first Cyrtodesmidae to be reported from Brazil, with remarks on the genus and family (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Amazoniana, 16(3/4), 325–336.
Golovatch, S.I. (2005) The millipede family Paradoxosomatidae in Paraguay, with descriptions of five new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 112(4), 807–830.
Golovatch, S.I., Hoffman, R.L., Adis, J., & de Morais, J.W. (1995) Identification plate for the millipede orders populating the Neotropical region south of central Mexico (Myriapoda, Diplopoda). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 30(3), 159–164.
Hamer, M.L. (1998) Checklist of southern African millipedes (Myriapoda: Diplopoda). Annals of the Natal Museum, 39, 11–82.
Hamer, M.L. (1999) An illustrated key to the spirostreptidan (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida) genera of southern Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum, 40, 1–22.
Hoffman, R.L. (1969) The origin and affinities of the Southern Appalachian diplopod fauna. pp. 231–246, In, Holt, P.C., ed., The Distributional History of the Biota of the Southern Appalachians Part I: Invertebrates. Research Division Monograph 1, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, 295 pp. + i–viii.
Hoffman, R.L. (1973) A new milliped of the genus Chonodesmus, with a proposed reclassification of the family Cryptodesmidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Studies on the Neotropical Fauna, 8, 179–193.
Hoffman, R.L. (1977a) Studies on spirostreptoid millipeds. XIII. Adiaphorostreptus, a remarkable new genus from India, type of a new family in the Spirostreptoidea. Entomologische Mitteilungen Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, 5(96), 137–143.
Hoffman, R.L. (1977b) The systematic position of the diplopod family Doratodesmidae, and description of a new genus from Malaya (Polydesmida). Pacific Insects, 17(2–3), 247–255.
Hoffman, R.L. (1978) On the classification and phylogeny of chelodesmoid Diplopoda. Abhandlungen und Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, (NF) 21/22, 21–31.
Hoffman, R.L. (1979) A siphoniulid milliped from Central America. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 86(2), 535–540.
Hoffman, R.L. (1980 [1979]) Classification of the Diplopoda. Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Genève, Switzerland, 237 pp.
Hoffman, R.L. (1982) Diplopoda. In: Parker, S.B., ed., Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms, 2, 689–724.
Hoffman, R.L. (1985) Biological and systematic problems involving soil dwelling arthropods. Quaestiones Entomologica, 21, 543–557.
Hoffman, R.L. (1990) Myriapoda 4. Polydesmida: Oxydesmidae. Das Tierreich, 107, 1–512 + i–xv.
Hoffman, R.L. (1998) Reassessment of the Platyrhacidae, a family of polydesmidan millipeds. Myriapodologica, 5(13), 125–141.
Hoffman, R.L. (1999) Checklist of the millipeds of North and Middle America. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication Number 8, 1–584
Hoffman, R.L. (2005) Monograph of the Gomphodesmidae, a Family of African Polydesmoid Millipeds. Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria, 537 pp.
Hoffman, R.L., Golovatch, S.I., Adis, J., & de Morais, J.W. (1996) Practical keys to the orders and families of millipedes of the Neotropical region (Myriapoda: Diplopoda). Amazoniana, 14(1/2), 1–35.
Hoffman, R.L., Golovatch, S.I., Adis, J., & de Morais, J.W. (2002). Diplopoda, pp. 505–533, In: Adis, J., ed., Amazonian Arachnida and Myriapoda., Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow, 590 pp. + i–vi.
Hopkin, S.P., & Read, H.J. (1992) The Biology of Millipedes. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 223 pp.
Ishii, K. (1988) On the significance of the mandible as a diagnostic character in the taxonomy of penicillate diplopods (Diplopoda: Polyxenidae). Canadian Entomologist, 120, 955–963.
Jeekel, C.A.W. (1968) On the Classification and Geographical Distribution of the Family Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Bronder-Offset, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 162 pp. + i–vii.
Jeekel, C.A.W. (1971) Nomenclator Generum et Familiarum Diplopodorum, a list of the genus and family-group names published in the Class Diplopoda from the first edition of Linnaeus, 1758, through 1957. Monograffieën van de Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging, 5, 1–412.
Jeekel, C.A.W. (1974) The group taxonomy and geography of the Sphaerotheriida (Diplopoda). Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, 32, 41–52.
Jeekel, C.A.W. (1985) The distribution of the Diplocheta and the "lost" continent Pacifica (Diplopoda). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 55, 100–112.
Jeekel, C.A.W. (2001a) A bibliographic catalogue of the Asiatic Sphaerotheriida (Diplopoda). Myriapod Memoranda, 3, 5–38.
Jeekel, C.A.W. (2001b) A bibliographic catalogue of the Siphonophorida (Diplopoda). Myriapod Memoranda, 3, 44–71
Jeekel, C.A.W. (2001c) A bibliographic catalogue of the Spirobolida of the Oriental and Australian regions (Diplopoda). Myriapod Memoranda, 4, 5–104.
Jeekel, C.A.W. (2003) A bibliographic catalogue of the order Glomeridesmida (Diplopoda). Myriapod Memoranda, 6, 102–109.
Jeekel, C.A.W. (2004) A bibliographic catalogue of the "Cambaloidea" (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida). Myriapod Memoranda, 7, 43–109.
Jeekel, C.A.W. (2006) A bibliographic catalogue of the Oriental Harpagophoridae (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida). Myriapod Memoranda, 9, 5–58.
Kime, R.D. (2000) Present knowledge of the distribution of European millipedes (Diplopoda). Fragmenta Faunistica, 43 Supplement, 281–294.
Kime, R.D. (2004) The Belgian millipede fauna (Diplopoda). Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Entomologie, 74, 35–68.
Korsós, Z. (2004) Checklist and bibliography of millipedes (Diplopoda) of Taiwan. Collections and Research, 17, 11–32.
Krabbe, E. (1982) Systematik der Spirostreptidae (Diplopoda, Spirostreptomorpha). Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, (NF) 24, 1–476.
Kraus, O. (1966) Phylogenie, chorologie und systematik der Odontopygoideen (Diplopoda, Spirostreptomorpha). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 512, 1–143.
Kraus, O. (1978) Zoogeography and plate tectonics. Introduction to a general discussion. Abhandlungen und Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, (NF) 21/22, 33–41.
Latzel, R. (1884) Die Symphylen, Pauropoden und Diplopoden. Die Myriapoden des Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, 2, 1–414 + I–XII.
Lee, P. (2006) Atlas of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of Britain and Ireland. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia & Moscow, 216 pp.
Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae…., ed. 10, 1, 1–824,
Lucas, H. (1840) Histoire Naturelle des crustacés, des arachnides et des myriapodes. Paris, P. Duméril. 600 pp.
Makarov, S.E., Æurèiæ, B.M.P., Tomiæ, V.T., & Legakis, A. (2004) The diplopods of Serbia, Montenegro, and the Republic of Macedonia. Institut za Zoologiju, Biološki Fakultet, Univerzitet v Beogradu, Monografije 9. Belgrade-Athens, 442 pp.
Marek, P.E., & Bond, J.E. (2006) Phylogenetic systematics of the colorful, cyanide-producing millipedes of Appalachia (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae) using a total evidence, Bayesian approach. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 41, 704–729.
Marek, P.E., Bond, J.E., & Sierwald, P. (2003) Rhinocricidae systematics II: A species catalog of the Rhinocricidae (Diplopoda: Spirobolida) with synonymies. Zootaxa, 308, 1–108.
Mauriès, J.-P. (1980) Diplopodes Chilognathes de la Guadeloupe et ses dépendences. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris., Sér. 4 (2), 1059–1111.
Mauriès, J.-P. (1982) Une famille nouvelle et deux genres nouveaux de Cleidogonidea, avec notes sur la classification de la superfamille (Diplopoda, Craspedosomida). Steenstrupia, 8(6), 165–176.
Mauriès, J.-P. (1983) Cambalides nouveaux et peu connus d'Asie, d'Amérique, et d'Océanie. I. Cambalidae et Cambalopsidae (Myriapoda, Diplopoda). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris., Sér. 4 (5), 247–276.
Mauriès, J.-P. (1984) Les premiers Stemmiulides signalés au Brésil: Trois espèces nouvelle de la région de Manaus, don’t une de la forêt inondable (Prostemmiulus adisi n. sp.) (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Stemmiulida). Amazoniana, 8(3), 375–387.
Mauriès, J.-P. (1985) Contributions to the knowledge of the mountain fauna of Malawi (Mission R. Jocqué). 5. Diplopoda Stemmiulida. Revue Zoologique Africaines, 99, 141–146.
Mauriès, J.-P. (1989) Révision des Stemmiulides: espèces nouvelles et peu connues d'Afrique (Myriapoda, Diplopoda). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris., Sér. 4 (11), section A, no. 3, 605–637.
Mauriès, J.-P. (1997) Is the family Atopogestidae based on a case of teratology or a periodomorphic stage? (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida: Odontopygoidea). Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement, 51, 139–147.
Mauriès, J.-P. (2003) Schizmohetera olympica sp. n. from Greece, with a reclassification of the superfamily Neoatractosomatoidea (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida). Arthropoda Selecta, 12(1), 9–16.
Mauriès, J.-P. (2005) Essai de classification des Glomerida (Diplopoda), et description de deux nouveaux genres du nord-ouest de la péninsule ibérique. Arthropoda Selecta, 14(3), 241–249.
Mauriès, J.-P. (2006) Guizhousoma latellai gen. n., sp. n., de Chine continentale, type d'une nouvelle famille de la superfamille des Neoatractosomatoidea (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida). Arthropoda Selecta, 14(1), 11–17.
Mauriès, J.-P., & Golovatch, S.I. (2007 [2006]) Stemmiulus deharvengi sp. n., le premier Stemmiulida signalé en Indonésie (Diplopoda: Stemmiulida). Arthropoda Selecta, 15(2), 91–98.
McAllister, C.T., Shelley, R.M., Enghoff, H., & Ramsey, Z.D. (2005) Distribution of the milliped Virgoiulus minutus (Brandt, 1841): first records from Mississippi, Oklahoma, and Texas (Julida: Blaniulidae). Western North American Naturalist, 65(2), 258–266.
Mikhaljova, E.V. (2000 [1999]) Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida). Arthropoda Selecta, 8(3), 153–181.
Mikhaljova, E.V. (2004) The millipedes (Diplopoda) of the Asian part of Russia. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia & Moscow, 292 pp.
Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. (1976) Étude de la variabilité des caractères de deux espèces du genus Polyxenus, P. lagurus (L.) et P. fasciculatus Say (Diplopode, Pénicillate). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 3e Série, n. 356, Zoologie 249, 105–118.
Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M., & Condé, B. (1984) Nouvelle description et status de Polyxenus bartschi Chamberlin (Diplopodes Pénicillates). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 4e Série, 6(3), 721–728.
Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M., & Geoffroy, J.-J. (2003) A revised comprehensive checklist, relational database, and taxonomic system of reference for the bristly millipedes of the world (Diplopoda, Polyxenida). African Invertebrates, 44(1), 89–101.
Pérez-Asso, A.R., & Pérez-Gelabert, D.E. (2001) Checklist of the millipeds (Diplopoda) of Hispaniola. Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, 28, 67–80.
Read, H.J., & Golovatch, S.I. (1994) A review of the central Asian millipede fauna. Bulletin of the British Myriapod Group, 10, 59–70.
Shear, W.A. (1972) Studies in the milliped order Chordeumida (Diplopoda): A revision of the family Cleidogonidae and a reclassification of the order Chordeumida in the New World. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 144(4), 151–352.
Shear, W.A. (1973) The milliped family Rhiscosomididae (Diplopoda: Chordeumida: Striarioidea). Psyche, 80(3), 189–203.
Shear, W.A. (1977) The systematic position of the milliped family Apterouridae (Diplopoda, Chordeumida, Striarioidea) and a redescription of Apterourus horizontalis Loomis. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 89(59), 689–694.
Shear, W.A. (1981) The milliped family Tingupidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Brannerioidea). American Museum Novitates Number 2715, 1–20.
Shear, W.A. (1990) On the Central and East Asian milliped family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnoidea). American Museum Novitates Number 2977, 1–40.
Shear, W.A. (1992) Golovatchia, new genus, and Golovatchiidae, new family, from the Far East of the Russian Republic, with a comment on Hoffmaneumatidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida). Myriapodologica, 2(10), 63–72.
Shear, W.A. (1999) Millipeds. American Scientist, 87, 232–239.
Shear, W.A. (2000a) On the milliped family Heterochordeumatidae, with comments on the higher classification of the order Chordeumatida (Diplopoda). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 14, 363–376.
Shear, W.A. (2000b) A new genus and species of callipodidan milliped from Vietnam (Callipodida, Schizopetalidae). Myriapodologica, 6(11), 95–100.
Shear, W.A. (2003) A second species of the rare milliped family Apterouridae (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Striarioidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 116(2), 509–514.
Shear, W.A. (2004) Two new species in the milliped genus Taiyutyla from British Columbia, Canada, and Washington, USA (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Conotylidae). Myriapodologica, 8(2), 13–20.
Shear, W.A., & Leonard, W.P. (2003) Microlympiidae, a new milliped family from North America, and Microlympia echina, new genus and species (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Brannerioidea). Zootaxa, 243, 1–11.
Shear, W.A., & Mesibov, R. (1994) Australian chordeumatidan millipeds. I. New observations on the genus Peterjohnsia Mauriès, with the description of a new species from Tasmania (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Peterjohnsiidae). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 8, 535–544.
Shear, W.A., & Mesibov, R. (1997) Australian chordeumatidan millipedes. III. A review of the millipede family Metopidiotrichidae Attems in Australia (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 11, 141–178.
Shear, W.A., & Peck, S.B. 1987. Millipeds (Diplopoda) of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 65, 2640–2645.
Shear, W.A., & Shelley, R.M. (2007) Tingupa tlingitorum, n. sp., a new milliped from Haines, Alaska, USA, with notes on the generic distribution and a revised key to species (Chordeumatida: Tingupidae). Zootaxa, 1393, 53–59.
Shear, W.A., Tsurusaki, N., & Tanabe, T. (1994) Japanese chordeumatid millipeds. I. On the genus Speophilosoma Takakuwa (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Speophilosomatidae). Myriapodologica, 3(4), 25–36.
Shear, W.A., Shelley, R.M., and Heatwole, H. (2003) Occurrence of the milliped Sinocallipus simplipodicus Zhang, 1993, in Laos, with reviews of the southeast Asian and global callipodidan faunas, and remarks on the phylogenetic position of the order (Callipodida: Sinocallipodidea: Sinocallipodidae). Zootaxa, 365, 1–20.
Shelley, R.M. (1984) A synopsis of the milliped genus Abacion Rafinesque (Callipodida: Caspiopetalidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 62, 980–988
Shelley, R.M. (1987) The milliped Stenodesmus tuobitus (Chamberlin) (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae) in Texas and New Mexico. National Geographic Research, 3(3), 336–342.
Shelley, R.M. (1989) The milliped genus Texophon Chamberlin and the new tribe Texophonini (Callipodida: Schizopetalidae). Southwestern Naturalist, 34(3), 381–391.
Shelley, R.M. (1990 [1989]) Revision of the milliped family Eurymerodesmidae (Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society Number 37, 1–112.
Shelley, R.M. (1994a) Revision of the milliped family Paeromopodidae, and elevation of the Aprosphylosomatinae to family status (Julida: Paeromopodoidea). Entomologica Scandinavica, 25, 169–214.
Shelley, R.M. (1994b) The milliped family Nearctodesmidae in northwestern North America, with accounts of Sakophallus and S. simplex Chamberlin (Polydesmida). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 72, 470–495.
Shelley, R.M. (1995) The milliped family Hirudisomatidae in the New World (Polyzoniida). Brimleyana, 23, 103–143.
Shelley, R.M. (1996a) A description of Siphonophora portoricensis Brandt (Diplopoda: Siphonophorida: Siphonophoridae), with a catalogue of ordinal representatives in the New World. Journal of Natural History, 30, 1799–1814.
Shelley, R.M. (1996b) The milliped order Callipodida in western North America (Schizopetalidae: Tynommatinae), and a summary of the New World fauna. Entomologica Scandinavica, 27, 25–64.
Shelley, R.M. (1997) Colactoides grandis, n. gen., n. sp., a new callipodoid milliped from Chihuahua (Schizopetalidae: Tynommatinae: Colactidini). Myriapodologica, 5(3), 33–39.
Shelley, R.M. (1998 [1997]) The milliped family Polyzoniidae in North America, with a classification of the global fauna (Diplopoda Polyzoniida). Arthropoda Selecta, 6(3/4), 3–34.
Shelley, R.M. (1999) Centipedes and millipedes with emphasis on North America fauna. The Kansas School Naturalist, 45(3), 1–15.
Shelley, R.M. (2000) A new callipodoid milliped genus and species from Sinaloa, with the proposal of a new tribe in the subfamily Tynommatinae (Schizopetalidae). Myriapodologica, 6(9), 83–86.
Shelley, R.M. (2001) A new family, genus, and species in the milliped order Spirobolida from Mexico. Myriapodologica, 7(7), 53–58.
Shelley, R.M. (2002) The millipeds of central Canada (Arthropoda: Diplopoda), with reviews of the Canadian fauna and diplopod faunistic studies. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 80, 1863–1875.
Shelley, R.M. (2003[2002]) A revised, annotated, family-level classification of the Diplopoda. Arthropoda Selecta, 11(3), 187–207.
Shelley, R.M. (2008) Way Down South: The milliped family Parajulidae (Julida) in Central America. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication Number ??, in press.
Shelley, R.M., & Whitehead, D.R. (1986) A reconsideration of the milliped genus Sigmoria, with a revision of Deltotaria and an analysis of the genera in the tribe Apheloriini (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society Number 35, 1–223.
Shelley, R.M., & Bauer, S.B. (1997) New records and species, and taxonomic alterations in the milliped family Paeromopodidae (Julida). Entomological News, 108(1), 1–14.
Shelley, R.M., & Hoffman, R.L. (2004) A contribution on the South African millipede genus Nematozonium Verhoeff, 1939 (Siphonophorida: Siphonorhinidae). African Entomology, 12(2), 217–222.
Shelley, R.M., & Shear, W.A. (2006) Leonardesmus injucundus, n. gen., n. sp., an aromatic, small-bodied milliped from Washington State, USA, and a revised account of the family Nearctodesmidae (Polydesmida). Zootaxa, 1176, 1–16.
Shelley, R.M., Sierwald, P., Kiser, S.B., & Golovatch, S.I. (2000) Nomenclator Generum et Familiarum Diplopodorum II: A list of the genus- and family-group names in the Class Diplopoda from 1958 through 1999. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow, 167 pp.
Shelley, R.M., Cannings, R.A., LePage, P.T., & White, M.J. (2007) A glomeridesmid milliped in Canada. Entomological News, 118(2), 199–202.
Sierwald, P., Shear, W.A., Shelley, R.M., Bond, J.E. (2001) Millipede phylogeny revisited in the light of the enigmatic order Siphoniulida. Journal for Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 41, 87–99.
Silvestri, F. (1896) I Diplopodi. Parte I, Sistematica. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 36, 121–254.
Simonsen, Å. (1990 Phylogeny and Biogeography of the Millipede Order Polydesmida, with Special Emphasis on the Suborder Polydesmidea. Museum of Zoology, University of Bergen, Norway, 114 pp.
Stoev, P., & Geoffroy, J.-J. (2004) Review of the millipede family Paracortinidae Wang & Zhang 1993 (Diplopoda: Callipodida). Acta Arachnologica, 53(2), 93–103.
Stoev, P., & Shelley, R.M. (2008) The millipede order Callipodida in Mexico, with descriptions of a new genus and species from Sonora (Schizopetalidae). Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication Number ??, in press.
Stoev, P., Sierwald, P., & Billey, A. (2007a) An annotated world catalogue of the milliped order Callipodida (Arthropoda: Diplopoda). Zootaxa, in press.
Stoev, P., Enghoff, H., Panha S., & Fuangarworn, M. (2007b) A second species in the millipede suborder Sinocallipodidea Shear, 2000 (Diplopoda: Callipodida). Zootaxa, 1450, 63–68.
Vandenspiegel, D., & Golovatch, S.I. (2007) The millipedes of the Comoro Islands (Myriapoda: Diplopoda). Journal of Afrotropical Zoology, 3, 41–57.
Verhoeff, K.W. (1934) Diplopoda, Symphyla, Pauropoda, Chilopoda. Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas, 2(3), 1–120.
Vicente, M.C., & Enghoff, H. (1999) The millipedes of the Canary Islands (Myriapoda: Diplopoda). Vieraea, 27, 183–204.
Wang, D. (1996) A preliminary study on phylogeny and biogeography of the family Paracortinidae (Myriapoda: Callipodida): A cladistic analysis. In: Geoffroy, J.-J., Mauriès, J.-P., & Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. (eds.), Acta Myriapodologica. Mémoire du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 169, 307–311.
Wang, D., & Mauriès, J.-P. (1996) Review and perspective of study on Myriapodology of China. In: Geoffroy, J.-J., Mauriès, J.-P., & Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, M. (eds.), Acta Myriapodologica. Mémoire du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 169, 81–99.
Wang, D., & Zhang, C. (1993) A new family of millipeds (Diplopoda: Callipodida) from southwestern China. Peking Natural History Museum No. 53, 375–390 (375–386 in Chinese, 386–390 in English).
Wesener, T., & Sierwald, P. (2005) The giant pill-millipedes of Madagascar. Revision of the genus Sphaeromimus, with a review of the morphological terminology (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Sphaerotheriidae). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Fourth Series, 56(29), 557–599.
Zhang, C. (1993) Diplopoda from Yunnan caves II. Contribution to the study of a new cavernous taxon of the nematophoran millipeds (Diplopoda: Coelocheta: Callipodida). Proceedings of the XI International Congress of Speleology, 128–130.
Zhang, C. (1997) Diplopoda from Yunnan caves III. A new genus Angulifemur, including two new species, of the cave-dwelling callipodid millipedes (Diplopoda, Callipodida, Paracortinidae). Thesis Compilation of Tianjin Natural History Museum, 14, 1–5.
Zhang, C., & Zhang, N. (1997) An interesting new millipede, Agaricogonopus acrotrifoliolatus gen. et sp. nov., from the tropical rain-forest region of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 22(4), 349–352.
Zhang, C., Wang, D., & Zhang, F. (1997) Two new genera and four new species of Diplopoda from Wuling Mountains area. Serial Publications of Bioresources Survey and Evaluation Conducted by Chinese Academy of Sciences. Invertebrates of Wuling Mountains Area, Southwestern China, pp. 508–522.
Zhang, Z.-Q. (2006) The making of a mega-journal in taxonomy. Zootaxa, 1385, 67–68.