Abstract
The new genus Papuacocelus n. gen. (Type-species: Papuacocelus papuanus n. sp.) is described from Papua New Guinea (Morobe Province) and is related to Dryococelus Gurney, 1947, Thaumatobactron Günther, 1929 and Eurycantha Boisduval, 1835. The type-species Papuacocelus papuanus n. sp. is described and illustrated from both sexes. The male holotype is deposited in BMNH, the female paratype in the first author’s collection (FH). The monotypic genus Dryococelus Gurney, 1947 (Type-species: Karabidion australe Montrouzier, 1855) is briefly discussed and the eggs are described and illustrated for the first time. Keys and a table are presented to distinguish Dryococelus Gurney, 1947, Papuacocelus n. gen., Thaumatobactron Günther, 1929 and Eurycantha Boisduval, 1835. The beak-like ovipositor possessed by most females of Eurycanthinae is found to be formed by elongation of the anal segment and subgenital plate, and not as stated by former authors, by the subgenital plate and an elongated supraanal plate. A brief survey is provided of the beak-like ovipositors in Phasmatodea.References
Balderson, J., Rentz, D.C.F. & Roach, A.M.E. (1998) Phasmatodea. In: Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (Eds.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 23 Archaeognatha, Zygentoma, Blattodea, Isoptera, Mantodea, Phasmatodea, Embioptera, Zoraptera. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 347–376, 451–456.
Beier, M. (1968) 10. Phasmida (Stab- oder Gespenstheuschrecken). In: Handbuch der Zoologie, Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin, 4 (2), 10 (6), 1–56.
Boisduval, J.A. (1835) Faune Entomologique de l’Ocean Pacifique, avec l’illustration des Insectes nouveaux, etc. Orthopteres. In: J. Tastu: Voyage de decouvertes de l’Astrolabe, Paris, pp. 647–650, plate 2.
Bradler, S. (2003) 16. Phasmatodea, Gespenstschrecken. In: Dathe, H.H. (Ed.), Lehrbuch der speziellen Zoologie. I. Wirbellose Tiere. 5. Insecta. Spektrum, Heidelberg / Berlin. pp. 251–260.
Bradley, J.C. & Galil, B.S. (1977) The taxonomic arrangement of the Phasmatodea with keys to the subfamilies and tribes. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 79, 176–208.
Brunner v. Wattenwyl, C. (1907) Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden, II. Phasmidae Anareolatae (Clitumnini, Lonchodini, Bacunculini). Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 181–338, plates 7–15.
Carl, J. (1915) Phasmiden von Neu-Caledonien und den Loyalty-Inseln. In: Sarasin, F. & Roux, J.: Forschungen in Neu-Caledonia. Zoologie, (2) 2 (9), 173–194.
Clark Sellick, J.T. (1998) The micropylar plate of the eggs of Phasmida, with a survey of the range of plate form within the order. Systematic Entomology, 23, 203–228.
Cliquennois, N. (2005) Spathomorpha n. gen.: un nouveau genre de Phasme de Madagascar (Phasmatodea, Anareolatae). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, 110 (2), 113–124.
Donskoff, M. (1988) Phasmatodea de Nouvelle-Caledonie. 1. Nouvelles signalisations et description de Microcanachus n. gen. In: Tillier, S. (Ed.), Zoologia Neocaledonica, I. Mémoires de Museum d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, (A) 142, 53–60.
Etheridge, R. (1889) The general zoology of Lord Howe Island. Australian Museum Memoirs, 2, 1–42.
Günther, K. (1953) Über die taxonomische Gliederung und die geographische Verbreitung der Insektenordnung der Phasmatodea. Beiträge zur Entomologie, Berlin, 3, 541–563.
Gurney, A.B. (1947) Notes on some remarkable Australian walking sticks, including a synopsis of the genus Extatosoma (Orthoptera: Phasmatidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 40, 373–396.
Hennemann, F.H. & Conle, O.V. (1996) Symetriophasma brevitarsa n. gen., n. sp. – eine neue Phasmide aus Neuguinea (Phasmatodea: Eurycanthinae). Entomologische Zeitschrift, 106 (11), 457–460.
Hennemann, F.H. & Conle, O.V. (1997) Die Gattung Thaumatobactron Günther, 1929 mit der Beschreibung zwei neuer Arten aus Papua Neuguinea. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Berlin, 73 (1), 175–182.
Hennemann, F.H. & Conle, O.V. (1998) Drei neue Arten der Gattung Thaumatobactron Günther, 1929 (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Eurycanthinae). Nachrichten des entomologischen Vereins Apollo, N. F. 19 (3/4), 299–307.
Humphrey, M. (2001) Sticks in the Press - encore. Phasmid Study Group Newsletter, 87, 6.
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1999) International code of zoological nomenclature - The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, 1999. The Natural History Museum, London. 127 pp.
Key, K.H.L. (1974) Phasmatodea (Stick-Insects). In: Parker, S.F. (Ed.), Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. Vol. 2, 379–383, New York, McGraw Hill.
Kirby, W.F. (1896) On some new or rare Phasmidae in the collection of the British Museum. Transactions of the Linnean Society, 2 (6), 447–475, plates 39 & 40.
Kirby, W.F. (1904a) Notes on Phasmidae in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History), South Kensington, with descriptions of new species, Part I & II. Annuals and Magazine of Natural History, London, (7) 13, 372–377 & 429–449.
Kirby, W.F. (1904b) A synonymic catalogue of Orthoptera. British Museum, London, Vol. I.
Lea, A.M. (1916) Notes on the Lord Howe Island phasma, and on an associated longicorn beetle. Transcripts, Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia, 40, 145–147, 7 plates.
Lucas, M.H. (1872) Remarques sur une nouvelle espèce d’Eurycantha, precedes de quelques observations synonymiques sur cette coupe générique de l’ordre des Orthoptères et de la famille des Phasmides. Annales de la Société entomologique de France, (2) 5, 19–31, plates 8–10.
McAlpine, D.K. (1967) Rediscovery of Lord Howe Island Phasmid. Australian Entomological Society News Bulletin, 2 (3), 71–72.
Montrouzier, P. (1855) Essai sur la faune de l’ile de woodlark ou Moiou. Annales des la Société d´agriculture de Lyon, (2) 7, 1–5, 79–90.
Otte, D. & Brock, P.D. (2005) Phasmida Species File. Catalog of stick and leaf insects of the world. Second Edition. The Insect Diversity Association and the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, CafePress. com, 414 pp.
Priddel, D., Carlile, N.,Humphrey, M. , Fellenberg, S. & Hiscox, D. (2003) Rediscovery of the 'extinct' Lord Howe Island stick-insect (Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier)) (Phasmatodea) and recommendations for its Conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation, 12 (7), 1391–1403.
Redtenbacher, J. (1906) Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden, I. Phasmidae Areolatae. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1–180, plates 1–6.
Redtenbacher, J. (1908) Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden, III. Phasmidae Anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophyllini, Necrosciini). Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 341–589, plates 16–27.
Clark Sellick, J.T. (1998) The micropylar plate of the eggs of Phasmida, with a survey of the range of plate form within the order. Systematic Entomology, 23, 203–228.
Sharp, D. (1895) Fam. V. Phasmidae – Stick and Leaf Insects. In: Cambridge Natural History, Vol. 5, Edited by Harmer S.F. & Shipley, A.E., pp. 260–278.
Smithers, C.N. (1966) On some remains of the Lord Howe Island Phasmid (Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier) (Phasmida)) from Ball’s Pyramid. Entomologist’s monthly Magazine, 105, 252.
Stål, C. (1875) Recensio Orthopterorum.Revue critique des Orthoptères déscrits par Linné, de Geer et Thunberg, 3. P. A. Norstedt & Söner, Stockholm, pp. 4–105.
Vickery, V.R. (1983) Catalogue of Australian Stick Insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Australian Division for Entomology, Technical Paper, 20, 1–19.
Westwood, J.O. (1859) Catalogue of Orthopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1: Phasmidae. British Museum, London, 196 pp., 40 plates.
Zompro, O. (2001) A review of Eurycanthinae: Eurycanthini, with a key to genera, notes on the subfamily and designation of type species. Phasmid Studies, 10 (1), 19–23.
Zompro, O. (2004) Revision of the genera of the Areolatae, including the status of Timema and Agathemera (Insecta: Phasmatodea). Abhandlungen des Entomologischen Vereins in Hamburg, 37, 1–327.
Zompro, O. (2005) Catalogue of type-material of the insect order Phasmatodea, housed in the Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany and in the Institut für Zoologie der Martin-Luther-Universität in Halle (Saale), Germany. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 52 (2005), 251–290.