Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5005 No. 1: 23 Jul. 2021
Type: Article
Published: 2021-07-23
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5005.1.1
Page range: 1-20
Abstract views: 2667
PDF downloaded: 819

A new species of nine-spined stickleback, Pungitius modestus (Gasterosteiformes, Gasterosteidae), from northern Honshu, Japan

Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan. Present address: The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
Division of Fishes, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan
Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan
Gasterosteidae nine-spined stickleback new species Yamagata Prefecture northern Japan Pisces

Abstract

A new species of nine-spined stickleback, Pungitius modestus, is described based on the holotype and 17 paratypes (38.7–51.7 mm standard length) collected from the inland area of Yamagata Prefecture, northern Honshu, Japan. The new species is distinguished from the other species of Pungitius by the following combination of characters: 30–32 small unconnected lateral plates; dorsal-fin rays VIII–X (usually IX)+9–11; anal-fin rays 7–10 (usually 8); pectoral-fin rays 10; a short spiny dorsal fin base (26.5%–29.8% SL); the first spiny dorsal fin spine behind the pectoral-fin base; a long pre-anal fin (59.9%–67.4% SL); the anal-fin spine below the 1st–3rd dorsal-fin rays; a short pelvic-fin spine (6.3%–9.1% SL); a short anal-fin spine (4.1%–6.0% SL); a long caudal peduncle (14.3%–19.7% SL); no body markings; membranes of the dorsal-fin spines dark brown with black pigments; the entire male body, and soft dorsal and anal fins, becoming black in the breeding season; the anteroventral process of the ectocoracoid present; and the dorsal extension of the ascending process of the pelvis level with the dorsal-most actinost.

References

  1. Bae, H.-G. & Suk, H.Y. (2015) Population genetic structure and colonization history of short ninespine sticklebacks (Pungitius kaibarae). Ecology and Evolution, 5, 3075–3089. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1594

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1594

  2. Blanchard, C.E. (1866) Les poissons des eaux douces de la France: Anatomie, physiologie, description des espèces, mœurs, instincts, industrie, commerce, ressources alimentaires, pisciculture, législation concernant la pêche. Baillère, Paris, xvi + 656 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.5776

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.5776

  3. Chae, B.-S. & Yang, H.-J. (1993) Spawning and growth of eight spine stickleback, Pungitius sinensis kaibarae (Tanaka) (Gasterosteidae, Pisces), in the Chayang Stream, a tributary of Kumho River, Korea. Korean Journal of Zoology, 36, 181–192.

  4. Coste, P. (1848) Nidification des épinoches et des épinochettes. Mémoires Présentés par Divers Savants à l’Académie des Sciences de l’Institut National de France, Sciences Mathématiques et Physiques, 10, 575–588, 1 pl.

  5. Cuvier, G. (1829) Le reÌgne animal distribueì d’apreÌs son organisation, pour servir de base aÌ l’histoire naturelle des animaux et d’introduction aÌ l’anatomie compareìe. Vol. 2. Nouvelle Edition. Chez Déterville, Paris, 406 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49223

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49223

  6. Denys, G.P.J., Persat, H., Dettai, A., Geiger, M.F., Freyhof, J. & Keith, P. (2018) Genetic and morphological discrimination of three species of ninespined stickleback Pungitius spp. (Teleostei, Gasterosteidae) in France with validation of Pungitius vulgaris (Mauduyt, 1848). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 56 (1), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12178

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12178

  7. Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W.N. & Van der Laan, R. (Eds.) (2020) Eschmeyer’s catalog of fishes: genera, species, references. Electronic version. Available from: http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp (accessed 12 May 2020)

  8. Guichenot, A. (1869) Notice sur quelques poissons inédits de Madagascar et de la Chine. Nouvelles Archives du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Série 2, 5 (Fasc. 3), 193–206, pl. 12.

  9. Hanzawa, N., Honma, M., Suzuki, Y. & Hida, Y. (2019) Red list of freshwater fishes in Yamagata Prefecture. In: Yamagata Prefectural Government (Eds.), Red data book 2019 of Yamagata Prefecture—Endangered species in Yamagata Prefecture. Yamagata Prefectural Government, Yamagata, pp. 131–162.

  10. Hart, P.J.B. (2003) Habitat use and feeding behaviour in two closely related fish species, the three-spined and nine-spined stickleback: an experimental analysis. Journal of Animal Ecology, 72, 777–783. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.2003.00747.x

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.2003.00747.x

  11. Hashimoto, K. (1938) Freshwater fishes in Yamagata Prefecture. Yamagataken kyoikukai, Yamagata, 15 pp.

  12. Hosoya, K. (2013) Pungitius kaibarae. In: Nakabo, T. (Ed.), Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to species. 3rd Edition. Tokai University Press, Hadano, pp. 607 + 1904.

  13. Hosoya, K. (2018) Pungitius kaibarae. In: Nakabo, T. (Ed.), The natural history of the fishes of Japan. Shogakukan Inc, Tokyo, pp. 185.

  14. Hubbs, C.L. & Lagler, K.F. (1964) Fishes of the Great Lakes region. University of Michigan press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, xi + 213 pp.

  15. Ikeda, K. (1933) The distribution and variation of the Gasterosteidae in Japan. Zoological Magazine, 45, 141–173.

  16. Keyvany, Y. & Nelson, J.E. (2000) Taxonomic review of the genus Pungitius, ninespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteidae). Cybium, 24 (2), 107–122.

  17. Keivany, Y., Nelson, J.E. & Economidis, P.S. (1997) Validity of Pungitius hellenicus Stephanidis, 1971 (Teleostei, Gasterosteidae), a Stickleback Fish from Greece. Copeia, 1997 (3), 558–564. https://doi.org/10.2307/1447559

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1447559

  18. Kelly, W.L. & Bryden, M.M. (1983) A modified differential stain for cartilage and bone in whole mount preparations of mammalian fetuses and small vertebrates. Stain Technology, 58, 131–134. https://doi.org/10.3109/10520298309066773

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/10520298309066773

  19. Kessler, K.F. (1859) II. Systematische Uebersicht der Stachelflosser (Acanthopteri Müller), welche im nordwestlichen Theile des schwarzen Meeres und in den Mündungen der in derselben sich ergiessenden südrussischen Flüsse vorkommen. Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 32 (3), 186–268.

  20. Kessler, K.F. (1876) Ryby. In: Prejeval’skii, N.M. (Ed.), Mongoliya i strana tangutov’, St. Petersburg, 2 (4), pp. 6–9.

  21. Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. Ed. X. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, diferentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, ii + 824 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542

  22. Mauduyt, F. (1848) Ichthyologie de la Vienne, ou tableau méthodique et descriptif des poissons qui vivent habituellement dans les eaux de ce département ou qui y remontent périodiquement et accidentellement. Bulletin de la Société Académique d’Agriculture, Belles—Lettres, Sciences et Arts, de Poitiers 1848, 3 (Fasc. 9–12), 8–49.

  23. Meguro, Y., Takahashi, H., Machida, Y., Shirakawa, H., Michelle, R. Gaither, M.R. & Goto, A. (2016) Assortative mating and divergent male courtship behaviours between two cryptic species of nine-spined sticklebacks (genus Pungitius). Behaviour, 153, 1879–1911.  https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539X-00003396

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539X-00003396

  24. Nikolskii, A.M. (1889) Sakhalin Island and its fauna of vertebarate animals. Supplement to Memoirs of Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Series 7, 60 (5), pp. 292–305.

  25. Shedko, S.V., Shedko, M.B. & Pietsch, T.W. (2005) Pungitius polyakovi sp. n.––New species of the ninespine stickleback (Gasterosteiformes, Gasterosteidae) from the south-eastern of the Sakhalin Island. In: Flora and Fauna of Sakhalin Island. Part 2. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 223–233.

  26. Stephanidis, A. (1971) Epi merikon ichthyon ton gaukeon tiz Ellados [On some freshwater fishes from Greece]. Biologia Gallo-Hellenica, 3, 213–241. [in Greek with English and French summaries]

  27. Takahashi, H., Møller, P.R., Shedko, S.V., Ramatulla, T., Joen, S.R., Zhang, C.G., Sideleva, V.G., Takata, K., Sakai, H., Goto, A. & Nishida, M. (2016) Species phylogeny and diversification process of Northeast Asian Pungitius revealed by AFLP and mtDNA markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 99, 44–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.022

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.022

  28. Takahashi, H., Takata, K. & Goto, A. (2001) Phylogeography of lateral plate dimorphism in the freshwater type of ninespine sticklebacks, genus Pungitius. Ichthyological Research, 48 (2), 143–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-001-8129-2

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-001-8129-2

  29. Takata, K., Goto, A. & Yamazaki, F. (1987a) Biochemical identification of a brackish water type of Pungitius pungitius, and its morphological and ecological features in Hokkaido, Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 34 (2), 176–183. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02912412

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02912412

  30. Takata, K., Goto, A. & Yamazaki, F. (1987b) Genetic differences of Pungitius pungitius and P. sinensis in a small pond of the Omono River system. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 34 (3), 384–386. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03380129

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03380129

  31. Tanaka, S. (1915) Ten new species of Japanese fishes. Doubutsugaku Zasshi (Zoological Magazine), 27, 565–568.

  32. Tanaka, S., Hirai, K. & Jeon, S.-R. (1982) Morphological comparisons of Korean and Japanese specimens of Pungitius kaibarae. Tansuigyo (Freshwater Fishes), 8, 71–72.

  33. Tanaka, S. (1982) Variations in ninespine sticklebacks, Pungitius pungitius and P. sinensis, in Honshu, Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 29, 203–212.

  34. Wang, C., Shikano, T., Persat, H. & Merilä, J. (2015) Mitochondrial phylogeography and cryptic divergence in the stickleback genus Pungitius. Journal of Biogeography, 2015, 1–15.

  35. Warpachowski, N.A. & Herzenstein, S.M. (1888) Notizen über die Fischfauna des Amur-Beckens und der angrenzenden Gebiete. Trudy St.Peterburgskogo Obscestva Estestvoispytatelej, 19 (8), 1–58, 1 pl.

  36. Wootton, R.J. (1976) The biology of the sticklebacks. Academic Press, London, x + 387 pp.