Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5 No. 1: January–February 2022
Type: Short Communication
Published: 2022-02-25
DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.1.8
Page range: 071–075
Abstract views: 318
PDF downloaded: 13

A new early Barremian amber outcrop from Mount Sannine (Central Lebanon)

Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences II, Department of Natural Sciences, Fanar, P.O. Box 26110217, Fanar–Matn, Lebanon, State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences II, Department of Natural Sciences, Fanar, P.O. Box 26110217, Fanar–Matn, Lebanon, State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
General Central Lebanon

Abstract

Lebanon has a massive number of Mesozoic amber outcrops: 19 from the Kimmeridgian, Upper Jurassic (Azar et al., 2010b; Nohra et al., 2013; Maksoud & Azar, 2020) and about 450 from the lower Barremian (Granier et al., 2016; Maksoud et al., 2017), Lower Cretaceous (Maksoud & Azar, 2020). This latter number is still continuously growing, with 28 presently-known outcrops yielding biological inclusions (Maksoud et al., 2019, 2020, 2021a, b, c).

References

  1. Azar, D. (1997) A new method for extracting vegetal and insect fossils from the Lebanese amber. Palaeontology, 40, 1027–1029.

  2. Azar, D. (2007) Preservation and accumulation of biological inclusions in Lebanese amber and their significance. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 6, 151–156.   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crpv.2006.10.004

  3. Azar, D. (2012) Lebanese amber: a “Guinness Book of Records”. Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis, 111, 44–60.

  4. Azar, D., Gèze, R. & Acra, F. (2010a) Chapter 14: Lebanese amber. In: Penney, D. (Ed.), Biodiversity of fossils in amber from the major World deposits. Siri Scientific Press, Manchester, pp. 271–298.

  5. Azar, D., Gèze, R., El-Samrani, A., Maalouly, J. & Nel, A. (2010b) Jurassic amber in Lebanon. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), 84, 977–983.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6724.2010.00228.x

  6. Azar, D. & Nel, A. (1998) Lebanese Lower Cretaceous amber. Meganeura, 2, 18–20.

  7. Dubertret, L. (1945) Carte géologique au 50.000ème – Feuille de Zahlé. République Libanaise, Ministère des Travaux Publics, Beyrouth, 64 pp. + 13 pls. + map.

  8. Azar, D., Perrichot, V. Néraudeau, D. & Nel, A. (2003) New psychodid flies from the Cretaceous ambers of Lebanon and France, with a discussion about Eophlebotomus connectens Cockerell, 1920 (Diptera, Psychodidae). Annals of the American Society of America, 96 (2), 117–127.  https://doi.org/10.1603/0013-8746(2003)096[0117:NPFTCA]2.0.CO;2

  9. Granier, B., Azar, D., Maksoud, S., Gèze, R. & Habchi, R. (2015) New fossiliferous sites with Barremian Charophyta in the «Grès du Liban» auct. (Lebanon), with a critical perspective regarding the nature of Munieria Deecke, 1883. Carnets de Géologie, 15 (15), 199–229.  https://doi.org/10.4267/2042/57947

  10. Granier, B., Toland, C., Gèze, R., Azar, D. & Maksoud, S. (2016) Some steps toward a new story for the Jurassic–Cretaceous transition in Mount Lebanon. Carnets de Géologie, 16 (8), 247–269.  https://doi.org/10.4267/2042/59924

  11. Maksoud, S. & Azar, D. (2020) Lebanese amber: latest updates. Palaeoentomology, 3 (2), 125–155.

  12. https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.3.2.2

  13. Maksoud, S., Azar, D., Granier, B. & Gèze, R. (2017) New data on the age of the Lower Cretaceous amber outcrops of Lebanon. Palaeoworld, 26 (2), 331–338.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2016.03.003

  14. Maksoud, S., Taleb, K. & Azar, D. (2019) Four new Lower Barremian amber outcrops from Northern Lebanon. Palaeoentomology, 2 (4), 333–339.  https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.2.4.6

  15. Maksoud, S., Maalouf, M., Maalouf, R. & Azar, D. (2021a) Baskinta and Bqaatouta: Two new early Barremian fossiliferous amber outcrops from Central Lebanon. Palaeoentomology, 4 (4), 367–373.  https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.4.12

  16. Maksoud, S., Taleb, K. & Azar, D. (2021b) New early Barremian fossiliferous amber outcrop from North Lebanon. Palaeoentomology, 4 (1), 23–26.  https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.1.4

  17. Maksoud, S., Zaidan, O.T. & Azar, D. (2021c) Kfar Selouan: A new early Barremian fossiliferous amber outcrop from Lebanon. Palaeoentomology, 4 (3), 257–265.  https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.3.13

  18. Maksoud, S., Ziadé, K., Gèze, R. & Azar, D. (2020) New early Barremian amber outcrops from Central Lebanon. Palaeoentomology, 3 (4), 415–422.  https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.3.4.14

  19. Nohra, Y., Azar, D., Gèze, R., Maksoud, S., El-Samrani, A. & Perrichot, V. (2013) New Jurassic outcrops from Lebanon. Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews, 6, 27–51.  https://doi.org/10.1163/18749836-06021056

  20. Poinar, G.O. & Milki, R. (2001) Lebanese amber: the oldest insect ecosystem in fossilized resin. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, Oregon, 96 pp.