Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 84 No. 1: 21 May 2026
Type: Article
Published: 2026-05-21
DOI: 10.12976/jib/2026.84.1.1
Page range: 1-43
Abstract views: 20
PDF downloaded: 0

Filling gaps of knowledge in the Atlantic Forest: The caddisflies from Parque Nacional do Caparaó and its surroundings, southeastern Brazil, including three new species of Marilia Müller, 1880 (Insecta: Trichoptera: Odontoceridae)

Laboratório de Entomologia; Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ; Caixa Postal 68044; Cidade Universitária; 21941-971; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
Laboratório de Entomologia; Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ; Caixa Postal 68044; Cidade Universitária; 21941-971; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
Laboratório de Entomologia; Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ; Caixa Postal 68044; Cidade Universitária; 21941-971; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
Laboratório de Sistemática de Trichoptera; Departamento de Entomologia; Museu Nacional UFRJ; Campus de Pesquisa e Ensino do Museu Nacional; Avenida Bartolomeu de Gusmão; 875 - São Cristóvão; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brasil
Laboratório de Entomologia; Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ; Caixa Postal 68044; Cidade Universitária; 21941-971; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
Departamento de Entomologia; Museu Nacional/UFRJ; Campus de Pesquisa e Ensino do Museu Nacional; Avenida Bartolomeu de Gusmão; 875 - São Cristóvão; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brasil
Laboratório de Insetos Aquáticos – LABIA; Departamento de Biologia Animal; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ; Rodovia BR 465; Km 7; Seropédica; RJ; Brazil.
Trichoptera Aquatic insects taxonomy, new taxa, Arctiinae, Syntomini, checklist, moth Biodiversity Hotspot Neotropics Integrative taxonomy

Abstract

The caddisflies (Trichoptera) of Parque Nacional do Caparaó (PNC), a federal conservation unit located on the border between the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais in southeastern Brazil, are inventoried and cataloged here. The park, entirely situated within the Atlantic Forest biome, encompasses a wide elevational range, from around 800 m in the lower areas to 2,892 m at Pico da Bandeira, the third-highest peak in Brazil. Herein, we describe three new species of Marilia (Odontoceridae): Marilia bandeira sp. nov., Marilia bonita sp. nov., and Marilia farofa sp. nov. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive checklist of caddisflies from the PNC. A total of 123 species, 39 genera, and 14 families of caddisflies were identified, with 27 species and one genus representing new distributional records for the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais. The families with the highest species richness are Hydroptilidae and Leptoceridae with 22 and 21 species respectively, followed by Philopotamidae (16 spp.), Hydropsychidae and Polycentropodidae (12 spp.). This work makes a significant contribution toward reducing knowledge gaps on caddisflies in the Atlantic Forest, caused by both Wallacean and Linnean shortfalls.

References

  1. Almeida G. L. de & Flint O. S. Jr. 2002. Five new species of Smicridea McLachlan (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 19(3): 767–775. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81752002000300014

  2. Alves A. A., Dumas L. L., Nessimian J. L. & Santos A. P. M. 2023a. Born from rock: eight new species of Itauara Müller, 1888 (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) from southeastern Brazil, including phylogenetic and distributional comments on the genus. European Journal of Taxonomy 885: 99–133. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.885.2193

  3. Alves A. A., Takiya D. M. & Santos A. P. M. 2023b. Five new species of Alisotrichia Flint, 1964 (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae: Leucotrichiinae) from Northeastern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 67(spe): e20230073. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2023-0073 2023

  4. Alves A. A., Rocha I. C. & Dumas L. L. 2025. New species and records of Alisotrichia Flint, 1964 (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Protected Areas of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316: 150–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.002

  5. Angrisano E. B. 1995. Insecta Trichoptera. In: Ecosistemas de Aguas Continentales: Metodologias para su Estudia. Tomo III (E. C. Lopretto and G. Tell, editors). Ediciones Sur. 897–1401 pp.

  6. Angrisano E. B. & Sganga J. V. 2009. New species of Hydroptilidae (Trichoptera) from Salto Encantado Provincial Park (Misiones Province, Argentina). Zootaxa 2162: 57–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.189021

  7. Banks N. 1905. Descriptions of new Nearctic neuropteroid insects. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 32: 1–20.

  8. Barbour M. T., Gerritsen J., Snyder B. D. & Stribling J. B. 1999. Rapid Bioassessment Protocols for Use in Streams and Rivers: Periphyton, Benthic Macroinvertebrates, and Fish. 2nd edition. EPA841-B-99-002. Office of Water, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.

  9. Barcelos-Silva P., Pes A. M. O. & Salles F. F. 2012. Annulipalpia (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Check List 8(6): 1274–1279. https://doi.org/10.15560/8.6.1274

  10. Blahnik R. J. 1997. Systematics of Chimarrita, a new subgenus of Chimarra (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae). Systematic Entomology 22: 199–243. https://doi.org/ 10.1046/j.1365

  11. Blahnik R. J. 2002. Systematics of Otarrha, a new Neotropical subgenus of Chimarra (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae). Systematic Entomology 27(1): 65–130. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0307-6970.2001.00166.x

  12. Blahnik R. J. 2005. Alterosa, a new caddisfly genus from Brazil (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae). Zootaxa 991: 1–60. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.991.1.1

  13. Blahnik R. J. & Holzenthal R. W. 2011. Revision of the austral South American species of Mortoniella (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae: Protoptilinae). Zootaxa 2851: 1–75. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2851.1.1

  14. Blahnik R. J. & Holzenthal R. W. 2012. New Neotropical species of Chimarra (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae). ZooKeys 184: 1–33. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.184.2911

  15. Blahnik R. J., Holzenthal R. W. & Prather A. L. 2007. The latic acid method for cleaning Trichoptera genitalia. Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Trichoptera, 9–14.

  16. Bonfá-Neto P., Salles F. F. & Vilarino A. 2023a. Four New Caddisfly Species of Marilia Müller, 1880 (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae) from a Tailings Dam Disaster Area, Rio Doce basin, Brazil. Taxonomy 3: 381–400. https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy3030022

  17. Bonfá-Neto P., Vilarino A. & Salles F. F 2023b. Brevitentoria Weaver 1984 (Trichoptera: Integripalpia) of Espírito Santo State, Brazil: New records and new species. Zootaxa 5336 (3): 301–327. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5336.3.1

  18. Brown J. H. & Lomolino M.V. 1998. Biogeography. Second edition. Sunderland, Massachussets: Sinauer Associates, Inc. 691 pp.

  19. Burmeister H. 1839. Handbuch der Entomologie, Zweiter Band, Zweite Ubtheilung. Theod. Chr. Friedr. Enslin, Berlin, xii + 397–1050 pp.

  20. Calor A. R., Holzenthal R. W. & Froehlich C. G. 2016. Phylogeny and revision of the Neotropical genus Grumichella Müller (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae), including nine new species and a key. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 176(1): 137–169. https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12310

  21. Calor A. R., Pereira R., Queiroz L. L., Vilarino A., Azevedo C. C. D., Queiroz A., Burgos-Miranda M. J., Cavalcante-Silva A., Oliveira-Silva M. V., Lucca G., Quinteiro F. B., Dias E. S., Gomes V. A., França D., Costa A. M., Desidério G. R., Santos A. P. M., Dumas L. L. & Bispo P. C. 2023. LEAq – Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática “Prof. Claudio Gilberto Froehlich” and the task of facing the biodiversity knowledge deficits on Caddisflies (Trichoptera), Bahia, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 67 (spe): e20230065. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2023-0065

  22. Calor A. R., Henriques-Oliveira A. L., Quinteiro F. B. 2026a. Odontoceridae. In: Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil. Available from: http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/fauna/faunadobrasil/75057. (Accessed 15 Mar 2026)

  23. Calor A. R., Henriques-Oliveira A. L., Quinteiro F. B. 2026b. Calamoceratidae. In: Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil. Available from: http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/fauna/faunadobrasil/75057. (Accessed 15 Mar 2026)

  24. Calor A. R., Henriques-Oliveira A. L., Quinteiro F. B. 2026c. Leptoceridae In: Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil. Available from: http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/fauna/faunadobrasil/75057. (Accessed 20 Mar 2026)

  25. Câmara I. G. 2003. Brief history of conservation in the Atlantic Forest, p. 31–42. In: The Atlantic Forest of South America: Biodiversity Status, Threats, and Outlook (C. Galindo-Leal and I. G. Câmara, editors). Washington DC: Center for Applied Biodiversity Science and Island Press.

  26. Camargos L. M. & Vilarino A. 2026. Polycentropodidae. In: Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil. Available from: http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/fauna/faunadobrasil/2715 (Accessed 20 Mar. 2026)

  27. Camargos L. M., Pes A. M. O. & Hamada N. 2020. New Neotropical species of Marilia Müller (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae). Zootaxa 4853(1): 1–41. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4853.1.1

  28. Chamorro M. L. & Holzenthal R. W. 2010. Taxonomy and phylogeny of New World Polyplectropus Ulmer, 1905 (Trichoptera: Psychomyioidea: Polycentropodidae) with the description of 39 new species. Zootaxa 2582: 1–252. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2582.1.1

  29. Curtis J. 1835. Hymenoptera, Part II, Neuroptera, Trichoptera. Vol IV, p. 65, 66, pl. 544, 601, in the 8 vol systematic binding. In: British Entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found. E. Ellis and Co., London.

  30. Dalman J. W. 1819. Några nya insecta-genera beskrifna. Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 40: 117–127.

  31. Desiderio G. D., Pes A. M., Andrade-Souza V. & Hamada N. 2021. The Smicridea (Smicridea) fasciatella species group (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in Brazil: six new species and new distributional records. European Journal of Taxonomy 750: 156–196. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1371

  32. Desidério G. R, Moreno L., Pes A. M., Teles B. R. & Hamada N. 2023. First records of the microcaddisfly genus Metrichia Ross, 1938 (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) in Brazilian Amazonia: three remarkable new species and a checklist from Brazil. Annales Zoologici 73: 179–193. https://doi.org/10.3161/00034541ANZ2023.73.2.004

  33. Dias E. S. 2015. Sistemática de Neoathripsodes Holzenthal, 1989 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae): redefinição, novas espécies e filogenia. PPG Diversidade Animal. Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador. (Master Dissertation), 90 pp.

  34. Dumas L. L. 2018. Contulma vascaina sp. n. (Insecta: Trichoptera: Anomalopsychidae), a new species from Rio de Janeiro state, southeastern Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 90(3): 2921–2926. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170802

  35. Dumas L. L. & Nessimian J. L. 2013. New species of the caddisfly genus Alterosa Blahnik 2005 (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae: Philopotaminae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 3609(1): 026–048. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3609.1.2

  36. Dumas L. L. & Santos A. P. M. 2026. Hydroptilidae In: Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil. Available from: http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/fauna/faunadobrasil/88534 (Accessed 18 Apr 2026)

  37. Dumas L. L., Souza W. R. M. & Rocha I. C. 2017. On Brazilian Austrotinodes Schmid, 1955 (Insecta, Trichoptera, Ecnomidae): New species, new distributional records and an updated checklist. European Journal of Taxonomy 297: 1–40. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.297

  38. Dumas L. L. & Nessimian J. L. 2009. Description of two new species of Marilia Müller (Trichoptera, Odontoceridae) from southeastern Brazil, including the description of the female of Marilia major Müller. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 53: 344–348. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262009000300006

  39. Dumas L. L. & Nessimian J. L. 2012. Faunistic catalog of the caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) of Parque Nacional do Itatiaia and its surroundings in southeastern Brazil. Journal of Insect Science 12(25): 1–40. https://doi.org/10.1673/031.012.2501

  40. Dumas L. L. & Nessimian J. L. 2013. New species of the caddisfly genus Alterosa Blahnik 2005 (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae: Philopotaminae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 3609(1): 26–48. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3609.1.2

  41. Dumas L. L. & Nessimian J. L. 2019. New species of Helicopsyche von Siebold 1856 (Trichoptera: Helicopsychidae) from Brazil, including the redescription of Helicopsyche (Feropsyche) planorboides Machado 1957. Zootaxa, 4619(2): 231–250. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.2

  42. Dumas L. L., Santos A. P. M., Calor A. R., Camargos L. M., Desidério G. R., Henriques-Oliveira A. L., Pereira R., Pes A. M. O., Quinteiro F. B., Souza W. R. M., Vilarino A. 2026. Trichoptera In: Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil. Available from: http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/fauna/faunadobrasil/278 (Accessed 22 Mar 2026)

  43. Eaton A. E. 1873. On the Hydroptilidae, a family of the Trichoptera. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 2: 125–151.

  44. Faria L. R. R., Pie M. R., Salles F. F. & Soares E. D. G. 2020. The Haeckelian shortfall or the tale of the missing semaphoronts. Journal of Zoological, Systematics and Evolutionary Research 59(2): 359–369. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12435

  45. Fischer F. C. J. 1970. Änderung einiger präokkupierten Namen in der Ordnung Trichoptera. Entomologische Berichten 30: 242–243.

  46. Flint O. S. Jr. 1964. The caddisflies (Trichoptera) of Puerto Rico. University of Puerto Rica, Agricultural Experiment Station, Technical Paper 40: 1–80.

  47. Flint O. S. Jr. 1966. Studies on Neotropical caddisflies, III: Types of some species described by Ulmer and Brauer. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 120 (3559): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.120-3559.1

  48. Flint O. S. Jr. 1969. Studies of Neotropical caddis flies, IX: New genera and species from the Chilean subregion. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 71(4): 497–514.

  49. Flint O. S. Jr. 1971. Studies of Neotropical caddisflies, XII: Rhyacophilidae, Glossosomatidae, Philopotamidae, and Psychomyiidae from the Amazon Basin (Trichoptera). Amazoniana 3(1): 1–67.

  50. Flint O. S. Jr. 1972. Studies of Neotropical caddisflies, XIV: On a collection from northern Argentina. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 85(17): 223–248.

  51. Flint O. S. Jr. 1974. Studies of Neotropical caddisflies, XVIII: New species of Rhyacophilidae and Glossosomatidae (Trichoptera). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 169: 1–30. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.169

  52. Flint O. S. Jr. 1981. Studies of Neotropical caddisflies, XXVIII: The Trichoptera of the Río Limón Basin, Venezuela. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 330: 1–61. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.330

  53. Flint O. S. Jr. 1983. Studies in Neotropical Caddisflies, XXXIII: New species from Austral South America (Trichoptera). Smithsonian Contribution to Zoology 377: 1–100. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.377

  54. Flint O. S. Jr. 1998. Studies of Neotropical Caddisflies, LIII: A taxonomic revision of the subgenus Curgia of the genus Chimarra (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae). Smitthsonian Contribution Zoological 594: 1–130. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.594

  55. Flint O. S. Jr. & Denning D. G. 1989. Studies of Neotropical caddisflies, XLI: New species and records of Austrotinodes (Trichoptera: Psychomyiidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 65 (2): 108–122.

  56. Flint O. S. Jr., McAlpine J. F. & Ross H. H. 1987. A revision of the Genus Leptonema Guérin (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae: Macronematinae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 450: 1–193. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.450

  57. Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. 1977. Geografia do Brasil. Volume 3: Região Sudeste. Rio de Janeiro, SERGRAF – IBGE,721p

  58. Gama Neto J. L., Pes A. M. O. & Hamada N. 2017. Checklist and new species of caddisfly (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Roraima state, Brazil. Zootaxa 4338(3): 475–488. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4338.3.4

  59. Gressitt J. L. & Gressitt M. K. 1962. An improved Malaise trap. Pacific Insects 4(1): 87–90.

  60. Guérin-Méneville F. E. 1843. Insectes. Species et Iconographie génerique des Animaux Articulé du Régne Animal du Cuvier. J.B. Baillière, Paris, pp. 1–576, 104 plates [Trichoptera, pp. 395–397, pl. 63].

  61. Hamilton S. W. & Holzenthal R. W. 2011. Twenty-four new species of Polycentropus (Trichoptera, Polycentropodidae) from Brazil. ZooKeys 76: 1–53. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.76.790

  62. Harris S. C. & Holzenthal R. W. 1994. Hydroptilidae (Trichoptera) of Costa Rica and the Neotropics: Systematics of the genus Byrsopteryx Flint (Stactobiini). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 102(2): 154–192.

  63. Henriques-Oliveira A. L., Rocha I.C. & Nessimian J. L. 2019. Leptoceridae (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Serra da Canastra Mountain Range, Southeast Brazil: Diversity, distribution, and descriptions of two new species. Neotropical Entomology 48: 277–289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-018-0633-4

  64. Henriques-Oliveira A. L., Dumas L. L. & Nessimian J. L. 2020. Leptoceroidea (Insecta: Trichoptera: Integripalpia) from Serra do Caparaó, Southeast Brazil, including a new species of Atanatolica Mosely (Leptoceridae). Zootaxa 4763(1): 031–049. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4763.1.3

  65. Henriques-Oliveira A. L., Silva A. L. R., Nessimian J. L. & Takiya D. M. 2021. New long-horned caddisfly genus and species of Leptoceridae (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5057(4): 530–544. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.4.4

  66. Henriques-Oliveira A. L., Nessimian J. L., Takiya D. M. & Santos A. P. M. 2025. Hidden diversity of the long-horned caddisfly genus Triplectides Kolenati, 1859 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Brazil revealed by DNA and morphology: new species descriptions and larval associations. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 83: 757–796. https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.83.e158227

  67. Henriques-Oliveira A. L., David G. S. C., Nessimian J. L. & Dumas L. L. in press. Marilia Müller, 1880 (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae) from Atlantic Forest: two new species from Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, and a new distributional record. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 66: (Special Issue 1).

  68. Holzenthal R. W. 1986. The Neotropical species of Notalina, a southern group of long-horned caddisflies (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae). Systematic Entomology 11: 61–73.

  69. Holzenthal R. W. 1988. Systematics of Neotropical Triplectides (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 81: 187–208. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/81.2.187

  70. Holzenthal R. W. 1989. Studies in Neotropical Leptoceridae (Trichoptera), IX: A new genus and species from southeastern Brazil. Aquatic Insects 11(1): 29–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650428909361344

  71. Holzenthal R. W. & Calor A. R. 2017. Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera. Zookeys 654: 1–566. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.654.9516

  72. Holzenthal R. W. & Flint O. S. Jr. 1995. Studies of Neotropical caddisflies, LI: systematics of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Contulma (Trichoptera: Anomalopsychidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 575: 1–59. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.575

  73. Holzenthal R. W. & Robertson D. R. 2006. Four new species of Contulma from South America (Trichoptera: Anomalopsychidae). Zootaxa 1355: 49–59. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1355.1.3

  74. Holzenthal R. W., Blahnik R. J., Prather A. P. & Kjer K. M. 2007. Order Trichoptera Kirby, 1813 (Insecta), Caddisflies. Zootaxa 1668(1): 639–698. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1668.1.29

  75. Hortal J., De Bello F., Diniz-Filho J. A. F., Lewinsohn T. M., Lobo J. M. & Ladle R. J. 2015. Seven shortfalls that beset large-scale knowledge of biodiversity. Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematic 46(1): 523–549. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-112414-054400

  76. Huamantinco A. A. & Nessimian J. L. 2004. A new Neotropical genus and species of Odontocerinae (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae) from southeastern Brazil. Aquatic Insects 26 (3–4): 281–288. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.174694

  77. Instituto Brasileiro de Desenvolvimento Florestal–IBDF. 1981. Plano de Manejo: Parque Nacional de Caparaó. Documento Técnico No. 8. Fundação Brasileira para a Conservação da Natureza, Doc. Tec. No. 8. Fundação Brasileira para a Conservação da Natureza, Brasília, 139 pp.

  78. Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade – ICMBio. 2015. Plano de manejo para Parque Nacional do Caparaó. Brasília, 539 pp.

  79. Jardim G. A. & Nessimian J. L. 2011. A new species of Contulma Flint (Trichoptera, Anomalopsychidae) from southeastern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 55(2): 226–228. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262011005000014

  80. Kolenati F. A. 1859. Genera et species Trichopterorum, Pars Altera. Nouveaux Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou 11: 141–296.

  81. Lomolino M.V. 2004. Conservation Biogeography. In Frontiers of Biogeography: new directions in the geography of nature. Ed. Lomolino M. V. & Heaney L. R., pp. 293–96. Sunderland, Massachussets: Sinauer Associates, Inc.

  82. Machado A. B. M. 1957. Helicopsyche planorboides n. sp. (Trichoptera: Helicopsychidae) and its mimetic relations to planorbids. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 29(31): 193–200.

  83. Machado T. M., Forzza R. C. & Stehmann J. R. 2016. Bromeliaceae from Caparaó National Park, Minas Gerais/Espírito Santo States Brazil, with notes on distribution and conservation. Oecologia Australis 20(2): 133–146. https://doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2016.2002.10

  84. Marlier G. 1964. Sur trois trichoptères nouveaux recueillis en Amerique du Sud par le Professeur J. lllies. Bulletin de l’Institut Royal des Sciences Naturalles de Belgique 40(6): 1–15.

  85. McLachlan R. 1871. On new forms, etc., of extra-European Trichopterous insects. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 11: 98–141.

  86. McLachlan R. 1877. A monographic revision and synopsis of the Trichoptera of the European fauna. Part 6, pp. 281–348, plates 32–37. John van Voorst, London.

  87. Mittermeier R. A., Mittermeier C., Gil P. R. & Wilson E. O. 1997. Megadiversity: Earth’s Biologically Wealthiest Nations. (CEMEX, 1997).

  88. Moreira P. D., Dumas L. L., Rozo M. P., Desidério G. R. & Takiya D. M. 2022. Integrative taxonomy supports two new species of Chimarra Stephens, 1829 from Brazil (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae). Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 80: 169–185. https://doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e76559

  89. Morse J. 2026. Trichoptera World Checklist. Available from: https://trichopt.app.clemson.edu/index.php (Accessed 13 Mar 2026).

  90. Morse J. C., Frandsen P. B., Graf W. & Thomas J. A. 2019. Diversity and ecosystem services of Trichoptera. Insects 10(5): 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10050125

  91. Morton K. J. 1905. North American Hydroptilidae. Bulletin of the New York State Museum 86: 63–75, plates 13–15.

  92. Mosely M. E. 1933. A revision of the genus Leptonema (Trichoptera). British Museum (Natural History), London, 69 pp.

  93. Mosely M. E. 1934. New exotic Hydroptilidae. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 82(1): 137–163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1934.tb00031.x

  94. Mosely M. E. 1936. A revision of the Triplectidinae, a subfamily of the Leptoceridae (Trichoptera). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 85(3): 91–130. https;//doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1936.tb00241.x

  95. Mosely M. E. 1939. The Brazilian Hydroptilidae (Trichoptera). Novitates Zoologicae 41: 217–239.

  96. Müller F. 1879. Notes on the cases of some South Brazilian Trichoptera. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 4: 131–144. https;//doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1879.tb01983.x

  97. Müller F. 1880. Sobre as casas construídas pelas larvas de insectos trichopteros da Província de Santa Catharina. Archivos do Museu Nacional 3(1878): 99–134 + 209–213, pls. 8–11.

  98. Müller F. 1888. Larven und Mücken und Haarflüglern mit zweierlei abwechselnd thätigen Athemwerkzeugen. Entomologische Nachrichten 14(18): 273–277.

  99. Myers N., Mittermeier R. A., Mittermeier C. G., Fonseca G. A. B. & Kent J. 2000. Biodiversityrhotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853–858. https://doi.org/10.1038/35002501

  100. Navás L. 1916. Neuroptera Nova Americana. Series I, II. Memorie della Pontificia Accademia Romana dei Nuovi Lincei 2(2): 59–80.

  101. Navás L. 1920. Insectos Sudamericanos (1a, 2a y 3a serie). Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 90: 33–72.

  102. Navás L. 1931. Insectos del Brasil 4a serie. Revista do Museu Paulista 17(1): 455–458.

  103. Nessimian J. L., Santos A. P. M., Sampaio B. H. L., Dumas L. L., Pes A. M. O. & Ferreira-Jr N. 2024. The Collapsible Light Trap: a portable Pennsylvania trap for collecting aquatic insects. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 96 (3). https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420230784

  104. Oliveira U., Soares-Filho B. S., Paglia A. P., Brescovit A. D., Carvalho C. J. B., Silva D. P., Rezende D. T., Leite F. S. F., Batista J. N., Barbosa J. P. P., Stehmann J. R., Ascher J. S., Vasconcelos M. F., De Marco P., Löwenberg-Neto P., Ferro V. G. & Santos A. J. 2017. Biodiversity conservation gaps in the Brazilian protected áreas. Scientific Reports 7: 9141. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08707-2

  105. Paprocki H. & Holzenthal R. W. 2002. A Review of the Brazilian Genus Barypenthus Burmeister (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae). Proceedings of the. 10th International Symposium on Trichoptera 15: 223–230.

  106. Pereira R. 2026. Anomalopsychidae. In: Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil. Available in: http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/fauna/faunadobrasil/18186 (Accessed 22 Mar 2026)

  107. Pes A. M., Holzenthal R. W., Sganga J. V., Santos A. P. M., Barcelos-Silva P. & Camargos L. M. 2018. Order Trichoptera. In: Keys to Neotropical Hexapoda. Vol III. Thorp and Covich’s Freshwater Invertebrates. (N. Hamada, J. H. Thorp & D. C. Rogers, editors). 4th Edition. Academic Press, Boston, pp. 237-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804223-6.00010-X

  108. Pes A. M. O. & Desiderio G. 2026. Hydropsychidae In: Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil. Available from: http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/fauna/faunadobrasil/75057 (Accessed 18 Apr 2026).

  109. Pictet F. J. 1836. Description de quelques nouvelles espèces de Névroptères du Musée de Genève. Mémoires de la Société de Physique et d’Histoire Naturelle de Genève 7: 396–404.

  110. Prather A. L. 2003. Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Phylloicus (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 275: 1–214.

  111. Quinteiro F. B. & Holzenthal R. W. 2017. Fourteen new species of Oecetis McLachlan, 1877 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) from the Neotropical region. PeerJ 5: e3753. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3753

  112. RADAMBRASIL 1983. Levantamento de recursos naturais. Vol. 32. SF. 23/24. Geologia, geomorfologia, pedologia, vegetação e uso potencial da terra. Ministério das Minas e Enérgica, Rio de Janeiro/Vitória, 235 pp.

  113. Resh V. H. & Rosenberg D. M. 1984. The ecology of Aquatic Insects. Praeger Publishers, New York, 625 pp.

  114. Ribeiro M. C., Metzger J. P., Martensen A. C., Ponzoni F. & Hirota M. M. 2009. Brazilian Atlantic Forest: how much is left and how is the remaining forest distributed? Implications for conservation. Biological Conservation 142(6): 1141–1153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.02.021

  115. Robertson D. R. & Holzenthal R. W. 2005. The Neotropical caddisfly genus Tolhuaca (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae). Zootaxa 1063: 53–68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1063.1.3

  116. Robertson D. R. & Holzenthal R. W. 2011. Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Itauara Müller, 1888 (Trichoptera, Glossosomatidae). ZooKeys 114: 41–100. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.114.1405

  117. Rocha I. C. & Souza W. R. M. 2018. Marilia caramuru sp. nov. and Marilia paraguassu sp. nov. (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae), two new species from Maranhão State, Northeast Brazil. Zootaxa 4425: 393–400. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4425.2.13

  118. Ross H. H. 1938a. Lectotypes of North American caddisflies in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Psyche 45(1): 1–61.

  119. Ross H. H. 1938b. Descriptions of Nearctic caddis flies (Trichoptera) with special reference to the Illinois species. Bulletin of the Illinois Natural History Survey 21(4): 101–183.

  120. Safford H. D. 1999. Brazilian Páramos I. An introduction to the physical environment and vegetation of the campos de altitude. Journal of Biogeography 26: 693–712. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.1999.00313.x

  121. Sánchez-Bayo F. & Wyckhuys K. A. G. 2019. Worldwide decline of the entomofauna: a review of its drivers. Biological Conservation 232 (1): 8–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.01.020

  122. Santos A. P. M. 2011. Four new species of the microcaddisfly genus Alisotrichia Flint (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 3112: 59–68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3112.1.4

  123. Santos A. P. M., Takiya D. M. & Nessimian J. L. 2016. Integrative taxonomy of Metrichia Ross (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae: Ochrotrichiinae) microcaddisflies from Brazil: descriptions of twenty new species. PeerJ 4: e2009. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2009

  124. Santos A. P. M., Dumas L. L., Henriques-Oliveira A. L., Souza W. R. M., Camargos L. M., Calor A. R. & Pes A. M. O. 2020. Taxonomic Catalog of the Brazilian Fauna: order Trichoptera (Insecta), diversity and distribution. Zoologia 37: e46392. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e46392

  125. Santos A. P. M., Marques R. A., Henriques-Oliveira A. L., Alves A. A. & Dumas L. L. 2022. The caddisflies from Serra dos Órgãos National Park, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with the description of two new species of Ochrotrichia Mosely (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae: Ochrotrichiinae). Zootaxa 5182(6): 501–527. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.6.1

  126. Sattler W. & Sykora J. L. 1977. Über eine, besonders durch ihr Bauinstinkt, merkwürdige neotropische Köcherfliege - Leucotrichia brasiliana n. sp. Amazoniana 6(2): 137–255.

  127. Schmid F. 1955. Contribution à la connaissance des Trichoptères néotropicaux. Mémoires de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 11(69): 117–160, plates 1–7.

  128. Schmid F. 1964. Contribution à l’étude des Trichoptères néotropicaux V. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 107(6): 307–339.

  129. Schmid F. 1989. Les Hydrobiosides (Trichoptera, Annulipalpia). Bulletin de l’Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique 59(Suppl.): 1–154.

  130. Siebold C. T. E. von 1856. Wahre Parthenogenesis bei Schmetterlingen und Bienen. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, vi+144 pp.

  131. Silva A. L. R, Santos A. P. M. & Nessimian J. L. 2014. Helicopsyche (Feropsyche) timbira sp. nov. (Trichoptera: Helicopsychidae), a new species from southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 3847(3): 446–448. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3847.3.9

  132. Soares-Filho B., Rajão R., Macedo M., Carneiro A., Costa W., Coe M. Rodrigues H. & Alencar A. 2014. Cracking Brazil’s Forest Code. Science 344: 363–364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1246663

  133. Souza W. R. M. & Pereira R. 2026. Helicopsychidae In: Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil. Available from: http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/fauna/faunadobrasil/75057 (Accessed 25 Mar 2026).

  134. Souza W. R. M. de, Santos A. P. M. & Takiya D. M. 2014. Three new species of Hydroptila (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Northeastern Brazil. Zoologia 31(6): 639–643. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702014000600010

  135. Steinbauer M. J., Field R., Grytnes J. A., Trigas P., Ah-Peng C., Attorre F., Birks H. J. B., Borge P. A. V., Cardoso P., Chou C. H., De Sanctis M., Sequeira M. M., Duarte M. C., Elias R. B., Fernandez-Palacios J. M., Gabriel R., Gereau R. E., Gillespie R. G., Greimler J., Harter D. E. V., Huang T. J., Irl S. D. H., Jeanmonod D., Jentsch A., Jump A. S., Kueffer C., Nogue S., Otto R., Price J., Romeiras M. M., Strasberg D., Stuessy T., Svenning J. C., Vetaas O. R. & Beierkuhnlein C. 2016. Topography-driven isolation, speciation, and a global increase of endemism with elevation. Global Ecology and Biogeography 25: 1097–1107. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12469

  136. Stephens J. F. 1829. A Systematic Catalogue of British Insects: Being an Attempt to Arrange all the Hitherto Discovered Indigenous Insects in Accordance with their Natural Affinities. Containing also the References to every English Writer on Entomology, and to the Principal Foreign Authors. With all the Published British Genera to the Present Time. Part 1. Insecta Mandibulata. Baldwin and Cradock, London, xxxiv+416 pp. [Trichoptera pages 316-323]

  137. Thieneman A. 1905. Biologie der Trichopteren-Puppe. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Ökologie und Geographie der Tiere 22: 489–574, plates 16–20.

  138. Thomas J. A., Frandsen P. B., Prendini E., Zhou X. & Holzenthal R. W. 2020. A multigene phylogeny and timeline for Trichoptera (Insecta). Systematic Entomology 45(3): 670–686. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12422

  139. Thomson R. E. 2012. Descriptions of new species of Leucotrichiinae (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Brazil. Psyche 2012: 1–7. https://doi.org/ 10.1155/2012/916718

  140. Thomson R. E. & Holzenthal R. W. 2010. New Neotropical species of the genus Austrotinodes Schmid (Trichoptera: Ecnomidae). Zootaxa 2437: 38–50. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2437.1.2

  141. Thomson R. E. & Holzenthal R. W. 2012. New species and records of Hydroptilidae (Trichoptera) from Venezuela. ZooKeys 185: 19–39. https;//doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.185.2909

  142. Ulmer G. 1905a. Neue und wenig bekannte aussereuropäische Trichopteren, hauptsächlich aus dem Wiener Museum. Annalen des Kaiserlich-Königlichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums Wien 20: 59–98.

  143. Ulmer G. 1905b. Zur Kenntniss aussereuropäischer Trichopteren. (Neue Trichoptern des Hamburger und Stettiner Museums und des Zoologischen Instituts in Halle, nebst Beschreibungen einiger Typen Kolenati’s und Burmeister’s.) Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 66(1): 1–119.

  144. Ulmer G. 1906. Neuer beitrag zur kenntnis aussereuropäischer Trichopteren. Notes from the Leyden Museum 28: 1–116.

  145. Ulmer G. 1907. Neue Trichopteren. Notes from the Leyden Museum 29: 1–53.

  146. Vallot J. N. 1855. Sur deux fourreaux hélicoïdes façonnés par les larves d’insectes. Mémoires de l’Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres de Dijon, 2nd Ser., 3 (“for 1854”): X–XII: of, Compte-rendu des Trauvaux de la Section des Sciences.

  147. Vilarino A. & Bispo P.C. 2020. New records and two new species of Xiphocentron Brauer 1870 (Trichoptera, Xiphocentronidae) from southern Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Zootaxa 4851: 386–400. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4851.2.11

  148. Vilarino A. & Calor A. R. 2015. New species of Xiphocentron Brauer 1870 (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae) from Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 3914(1): 046–054. http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3914.1.2

  149. Vilarino A., Desidério G. R., Passadori V. P. & Bispo P. C. 2025. First phylogeny of the shredder caddisfly genus Phylloicus Müller, 1880 (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae), Systematics and Biodiversity 23(1): 2476059. http://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2025.2476059

  150. Vilarino A., Sganga J. V. & Bispo P. C. 2024. The utility of forewing geometric morphometrics for species discrimination in the caddisfly genus Xiphocentron (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae), with the description of six new species. Zoologischer Anzeiger 309: 37–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2024.01.002

  151. Ward J. V. 1992. Aquatic insect ecology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, London. 438 pp.

  152. Wasmund A. M. & Holzenthal R. W. 2007. A revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Rhyacopsyche, with the description of 13 new species (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae). Zootaxa 1634: 1–59. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1634.1.1

  153. Wiggins G. B. 1996. Larvae of the North America caddisfly genera (Trichoptera). 2nd edition. University of Toronto Press, Toronto. 457 pp.

  154. Wiggins G. B. 2004. Caddisflies: The Underwater Architects. University of Toronto. Press, Toronto, Buffalo, London. 292 pp.

  155. Yang L. F., Yuan H. Y. & Morse J. C. 2017. Lannapsyche and Marilia species of China (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae). Zootaxa 4320(1): 81–99. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4320.1.5