Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 4365 No. 4: 20 Dec. 2017
Type: Article
Published: 2017-12-19
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4365.4.6
Page range: 467–479
Abstract views: 85
PDF downloaded: 2

Resolving species delimitation within the genus Bunopus Blanford, 1874 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in Iran using DNA barcoding approach

Iranian Plateau Herpetology Research Group (IPHRG), Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
Department of Biology, Faculty of science, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
Iranian Plateau Herpetology Research Group (IPHRG), Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran Department of Biology, Faculty of science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran Institute of Biotechnology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
Reptilia Bunopus DNA barcoding Iran Mitochondrial COI species delimitation

Abstract

Mitochondrial COI sequences were used to investigate species delimitation within the genus Bunopus in Iran. A dataset with a final sequence length of 633 nucleotides including 100 specimens from 31 geographically distant localities across Iran were generated. The result demonstrated that two major clades with strong support can be identified within the genus Bunopus in Iran. Clade A includes Bunopus crassicaudus and two new entities, eastern populations (subclade A2,1) and Shahdad populations (subclade A2,2). The second clade comprises western and southwestern populations (subclade B1,1), Arabian populations (subclade B1,2) and south and southeast populations in Iran, to which Bunopus tuberculatus (subclade B2) is assigned. In addition to Bunopus crassicaudus and B. tuberculatus, three new candidate species in Iran can easily be identified based on the DNA barcoding approach.

 

References

  1. Anderson, S.C. (1999) The Lizards of Iran. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York.

    Bauer, A.M., Masroor, R., Mcquilla, J.T., Heinick, M.P., Daza, J.D. & Jackman, T.R. (2013) A preliminary phylogeny of the Palearctic naked-toed geckos (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) with taxonomic implications. Zootaxa, 3599 (4), 301–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3599.4.1.

    Arnold, E.N. (1980) The scientific results of the Oman flora and fauna survey 1977 (Dhofar). The reptiles and amphibians of Dhofar, Southern Arabia. Journal of Oman Studies Special Report, (No. 2), 273–332.

    Blagoev, G.A., Nikolova, N.I., Sobel, C.N., Hebert, P.D.N. & Adamowicz, S.J. (2013) Spiders (Araneae) of Churchill, Manitoba: DNA barcodes and morphology reveal high species diversity and new Canadian records. BMC Ecology, 13, 44. pmid:24279427.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-13-44.

    Blanford, W.T. (1874) Descriptions of new lizards from Persia and Baluchistàn. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 4, 13, 453–455.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937408680903

    Červenka, J., Kratochvíl, L. & Frynta, D. (2008) Phylogenetic relationships of the gecko genus Carinatogecko (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). Zootaxa, 2636, 59–64.

    Červenka, J., Frynta, D. & Kratochvíl, L. (2010) Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Middle Eastern geckos of the genus Cyrtopodion and their selected relatives. Zootaxa, 1931, 25–36.

    Darriba, D., Taboada, G.L., Doallo, R. & Posada, D. (2012) j Model Test 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing. Nature Methods, 9, 772.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2109.

    De Queiroz K. (2007) Species concepts and species delimitation. Systematic Biology, 56, 879–886.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150701701083

    Disi, A.M. & Böhme, W. (1996) Zoogeography of the amphibians and reptiles of Syria, with additional new records. Herpetozoa, 9, 63–70.

    Folmer, O., Black, M., Hoeh, W., Lutz R. & Vrijenhoek, R. (1994) DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology, 3, 294–299.

    Gamble, T., Greenbaum, E., Russell, A.P., Jackman, T.R. & Bauer, A.M. (2012) Repeated origin and loss of toepads in geckos. Plos One, 7, e39429.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0039429.

    Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95 ⁄ 98 ⁄ NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series, 41, 95–98.

    Hausmann, A., Godfray, H.C.J., Huemer P., Mutanen M., Rougerie R., van Nieukerken E.J., Sujeevan Ratnasingham S. & Hebert P.D.N. (2013) Genetic patterns in European geometrid moths revealed by the Barcode Index Number (BIN) system. PLoS ONE, 8, e84518.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084518

    Hebert, P.D.N., Cywinska, A., Ball, S.L. & De Waard, J.R. (2003a) Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 270, 313–321.

    https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2002.2218

    Hebert, P.D.N., Ratnasingham, S. & De Waard, J.R. (2003b) Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 270 (Suppl.), S96–99.

    https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2003.0025

    Hebert, P.D.N., Penton, E.H., Burns, J.M., Janzen, D.H. & Hallwachs, W. (2004a) Ten species in one: DNA barcoding reveals cryptic species in the neotropical skipper butterfly Astraptes fulgerator. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 101, 14812–14817.

    https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0406166101

    Kapli, P., Botoni, D., Ilgaz, C., Kumlutaş, Y., Avcı, A., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Fathinia, B., Lymberakis, P., Ahmadzadeh, F. & Poulakakis, N. (2013) Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the Anatolian lizard Apathya (Squamata, Lacertidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 66, 992–1001.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.12.002.

    Khosravani, A., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Rastegar-Pouyani, E. & Oraie, H. (2015) Geographic variation of morphological characters in Bunopus tuberculatus Blanford 1874 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in Iran. Herpetologica, 71, 152–159.

    https://doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-14-00043.

    Leviton, A.E., Anderson, S.C., Adler, K. & Minton, S.A. (1992) Handbook to Middle East Amphibians and Reptiles. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Oxford, Ohio.

    Macey, J.R., Wang, Y., Ananjeva, N.B., Larson, A. & Papenfuss, T.J. (1999) Vicariant patterns of fragmentation among Gekkonid lizards of the genus Teratoscincus produced by the Indian collision: a molecular phylogenetic perspective and an area cladogram for central Asia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 12, 320–332.

    https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.1999.0641

    Macey, J.R., Fong, J.J., Kuehl, J.V., ShaWei S., Ananjeva N.B., Papenfuss, T.J. & Boore, J.J. (2005) The complete mitochondrial genome of a gecko and the phylogenetic position of the Middle Eastern Teratoscincus keyserlingii. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 36, 188–19.

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2005.03.025

    Mayden, R.L. (1997) A hierarchy of species concepts: The denouement in the saga of the species problem. In: Claridge, M.F., Dawah, H.A. & Wilson, M.R. (Eds.), Species: The Units of Biodiversity. Chapman and Hall, London. pp. 381–424.

    Mayr, E. (1982) The Growth of Biological Thought: Diversity, Evolution, and Inheritance. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

    Meyer, C.P & Paulay, G. (2005) DNA barcoding: Error rates based on comprehensive sampling. PLoS Biology, 3, 1–10.

    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030422

    Nagy, Z.T., Sonet, G., Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (2012) First large-scale DNA barcoding assessment of reptiles in the biodiversity hotspot of Madagascar, based on newly designed COI primers. PLoS ONE, 7, e34506.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0034506.

    Pous, P. de, Machado, L., Metallinou, M., Červenka, J., Kratochvíl, L., Paschou, N., Mazuch, T., Šmíd, J., Simó-Riudalbas, M., Sanuy, D. & Carranza, S. (2016) Taxonomy and biogeography of Bunopus spatalurus (Reptilia; Gekkonidae) from the Arabian Peninsula. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 45, 67–81.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12107.

    Rastegar-Pouyani, E., Oraie H., Khosravani, A., Kaboli, M., Mobaraki A., Masoud Yousefi, Behrooz, R., Fakharmanesh, Z. & Wink, M. (2014) A re-evaluation of taxonomic status of Montivipera (Squamata: Viperidae) from Iran using a DNA barcoding approach. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 57, 350–356.

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2014.09.017.

    Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2003) MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics, 19, 1572–1574.

    https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg180

    Savolainen, V., Cowan, R.S., Vogler, A.P., Roderick, G.K. & Lan, R. (2005) Towards writing the encyclopedia of life: an introduction to DNA barcoding. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 360, 1805–1811.

    https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1730

    Silvestro, D. & Michalak, I. (2012) RaxmlGUI: a graphical front-end for RAxML. Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 12, 335–337.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-011-0056-0.

    Swofford, D.L. (2001) PAUP*, Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods), Version 4.0b10. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.

    Szczerbak, N.N. & Golubev, M.L. (1996) Gecko Fauna of the USSR and Contiguous Regions. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York. [English edition translated from the Russian by M.L. Golubev & S.A. Malinsky; Leviton, A.E. & Zug, G.R., eds.]

    Tamura, K., Stecher, G., Peterson, D., Filipski, A. & Kumar, S. (2013) MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 30, 2725e2729.

    https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst197

    Vasconcelos, R., Montero-Mendieta, S., Simó-Riudalbas, M., Sindaco, R., Santos, X., Fasola M., Llorente, G., Razzetti, E. & Carranza, S. (2016) Unexpectedly high levels of cryptic diversity uncovered by a complete DNA barcoding of reptiles of the Socotra Archipelago. PLoS ONE, 11 (3), 0149985.

    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149985

    Uetz, P. & JiríHošek (Eds.) (2016) The Reptile Database. Available from: http://www.reptile-database.org (Accessed 15 Dec. 2017)