Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 1177 No. 1: 21 Apr. 2006
Type: Articles
Published: 2006-04-21
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1177.1.1
Page range: 1–19
Abstract views: 59
PDF downloaded: 33

Heterorhabditis floridensis n. sp. (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) from Florida

Entomology & Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620, USA
University of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection 17100, Canakkale-Turkey
Entomology & Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620, USA
Microbiology & Molecular Biology Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-5253, USA
Nematoda entomopathogenic nematodes ITS rDNA morphology nematode phylogeny SEM systematics taxonomy

Abstract

In a survey of entomopathogenic nematodes associated with plants and trees in areas adjacent to production citrus groves in Florida, a new species of nematode in the genus Heterorhabditis was found based of morphological and molecular studies. The new nematode is described as Heterorhabditis floridensis n. sp. H. floridensis n. sp. is characterized by males, females, and infective juveniles. For males, the number of papillae in the terminal group of bursa is variable, either with 2 pairs of papillae (40%), with 3 papillae on one side and 2 papillae on the other side (30%), with one pair of papillae (20%), or with three pairs of papillae (10%). SW and GS values are 179 and 50, respectively. Females have a typical vulva pattern, which is different from that of closely related nematode species H. bacteriophora, H. mexicana, and H. indica. For infective juveniles, EP=109 (101–122) µ m, ES=135 (123–142) µ m, tail length=103 (91–113) µ m, and a=27.6 (25–32) are different from those of the above-mentioned three related nematodes. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS regions show that the new species forms a clade with H. mexicana, H. baujardi and H. indica and differs from these species by several nucleotide autapomorphies.

References

  1. Adams, B.J. & Nguyen, K.B. (2002) Taxonomy and systematics. In: Gaugler, R. (Ed.) Entomopathogenic nematology. CABI, New York, New York, pp. 1–33.

    Adams, B.J., Burnell, A.M. & Powers, T.O. (1998) A phylogenetic analysis of Heterorhabditis (Nemata: Rhabditidae) based on internal transcribed spacer 1 DNA sequence data. Journal of Nematology, 30, 22–39.

    Phan, K.L., Subbotin. S.A., Nguyen,N.C. & Moens, M. (2003) Heterorhabditis baujardi sp. n. (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) from Vietnam and morphometric data for H. indica populations. Nematolog, 5, 367–382.

    Cabanillas, H.E., Poinar, G.O., Jr. & Raulston, J.R. (1994) Steinernema riobravis n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) from Texas. Fundamental and Applied Nematology, 17, 123–131.

    Courtney, W.D., Polley, D. & Miller, V.I. (1955) TAF an improved fixative in nematode technique. Plant Disease Reporter, 39, 570–571.

    Bedding, R.A. & Akhurst, R.J. (1975) A simple technique for the detection of insect parasitic rhabditid nematodes in soil. Nematologica, 21, 109–110.

    Dutky, S.R., Thompson, J.V. & Cantwell, G.E. (1964) A technique for the mass propagation of the DD-136 nematode. Journal of Insect Pathology, 6, 417–422.

    Franklin, M. & Goodey, J.B. (1949) A cotton blue lactophenol technique for mounting plant-parasitic nematodes. Journal of Helminthology, 23, 175–178.

    Hasegawa, M., Kishino, H. & Yano, K. (1985) Dating of the human-ape splitting by a molecular clock of mitochondrial DNA. Journal of Molecular Evolution 22, 160–174.

    Klein, M.G. (1990) Efficacy against soil-inhibiting insect pests. In: Gaugler, R., & Kaya, H.K. (Eds.), Entomopathogenic nematodes in biological control. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 195–214.

    Maddison, W.P. & Maddison, D.R. (2002) MacClade version 4.0. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts.

    Nguyen, K.B. 2005. Morphology and taxonomy of entomopathogenic nematodes. Available from http://kbn.ifas.ufl.edu/kbnstein.htm. (accessed April 20, 2005)

    Nguyen, K.B. & Duncan, L.W. (2002) Steinernema diaprepesi n. sp. (Rhabditida : Steinernematidae), a parasite of the citrus root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus (L) (Coleoptera : Curculionidae). Journal of Nematology 34, 159–170.

    Nguyen, K.B. & Smart, G.C., Jr. (1990) Steinernema scapterisci n. sp. (Steinernematidae: Nematoda). Journal of Nematology 22, 187–199.

    Nguyen, K.B. & Smart, G.C., Jr. (1995a) Morphometrics of infective juveniles of Steinernema spp. and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Nemata: Rhabditida). Journal of Nematology 27, 206–212.

    Nguyen, K.B. & Smart, G.C., Jr. (1995b) Scanning electron microscope studies of Steinernema glaseri (Nematoda: Steinernematidae). Nematologica 41, 183–190.

    Nguyen, K.B., Maruniak, J. & Adams, B.J. (2001) The diagnostic and phylogenetic utility of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequences of Steinernema. Journal of Nematology 33, 73–82.

    Nguyen, K.B., Shapiro-Ilan, D.I., Stuart, R.J., McCoy, C.W., James, R.R. & Adams, B.J. (2004) Heterorhabditis mexicana n. sp. (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) from Tamaulipa, Mexico, and morphological studies of the bursa of Heterorhabditis spp. Nematology 6, 231–244.

    Posada, D. & Crandall, K.A. (1998) Model test: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 14, 817–818.

    Seinhorst, J.W. (1959) A rapid method for the transfer of nematodes from fixative to anhydrous glycerin. Nematologica 4, 67–69.

    Shapiro-Ilan, D.I., Gouge, D.H. & Koppenhöfer, A.M. (2002) Factors affecting commercial success: case studies in cotton, turf and citrus. In: Gaugler, R. (Ed.), Entomopathogenic nematology. CABI, New York, New York, pp. 333–356.

    Swofford, D.L. (2002) PAUP* Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods). Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.

    Thompson, J.D., Gibson, T.J., Plewniak, F., Jeanmougin, F. & Higgins, D.G. (1997) The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research 25, 4876–4882.