Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 1063 No. 1: 14 Oct. 2005
Type: Articles
Published: 2005-10-14
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1063.1.3
Page range: 53–68
Abstract views: 39
PDF downloaded: 18

The Neotropical caddisfly genus Tolhuaca (Trichoptera:  Glossosomatidae)

University of Minnesota, Department of Entomology, 1980 Folwell Ave., Room 219, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, U.S.A.
University of Minnesota, Department of Entomology, 1980 Folwell Ave., Room 219, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, U.S.A.
Trichoptera Glossosomatidae Protoptilinae Tolhuaca new species caddisfly male genitalia female genitalia Neotropics Southern Cone Chile Brazil phylogeny biogeography

Abstract

The caddisfly genus Tolhauca Schmid 1964 (Glossosomatidae: Protoptilinae) is diagnosed and discussed in the context of other protoptiline genera, and a review of its taxonomic history is provided. A new species, Tolhuaca brasiliensis, from southeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated, and the type species, Tolhuaca cupulifera Schmid 1964, from Chile, is redescribed and illustrated. Additionally, females of the genus are described and illustrated for the first time. Characters of the female genitalia, wing venation, and thorax suggest that Tolhuaca is more primitive than any other protoptiline genus and probably deserves a basal placement within the subfamily. The genus shows a broadly disjunct distribution perhaps reflecting an ancient southern Gondwana pattern.

References

  1. Alexandria Digital Library Gazetteer. (2005) Santa Barbara CA: Map and Imagery Lab, Davidson Library, University of California, Santa Barbara. Copyright UC Regents.

    Available from http://middleware.alexandria.ucsb.edu/client/gaz/adl/index.jsp (accessed 29 April 2005)

    Banks, N. (1904) A list of new Neuropteroid insects, exclusive of Odonata, from the vicinity of Washington, D.C. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 6, 201–217.

    Crisci, J.V., Cigliano, M.M, Morrone, J.J., & Roig-Juñent, S.R. (1991) Historical biogeography of southern South America. Systematic Zoology, 40(2), 152–171.

    de Laubenfels, D.J. (1988) Coniferales. In: Van Steenis, C.G.G.J., & de Wilde, W.J.J.O. (Eds.), Flora Malesiana, Series I, Spermatophyta. 10(3). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Boston, Massachusetts, pp. 337–453.

    Flint, O.S., Jr. (1967) Studies of Neotropical caddis flies, II: Trichoptera collected by Prof. Dr. J. Illies in the Chilean Subregion. Beiträge zur Neotropischen Fauna, 5, 45–68.

    Flint, O.S., Jr., Holzenthal, R.W., & Harris, S.C. (1999) Catalogue of the Neotropical Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera). Special Publication, Ohio biological Survey. Columbus, Ohio, 239 pp.

    Holzenthal, R.W. (2004) Three new species of Chilean caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 106(1), 110–117.

    Holzenthal, R.W. & Andersen, T. (2004) The caddisfly genus Triaenodes in the Neotropics (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae). Zootaxa, 511, 1–80.

    Kimmins, D.E. (1964) On the Trichoptera of Nepal. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology Series, 15(2), 35–55.

    Kristensen, N.P. (1984) Studies on the morphology and systematics of primitive Lepidoptera (Insecta). Steenstrupia, 10, 141–191.

    Marshall, J.E. (1979) A review of the genera of the Hydroptilidae (Trichoptera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology Series, 39(3), 135–239.

    Morse, J.C. & Yang, L. (1993) Higher classification of the Chinese Glossosomatidae (Trichoptera), In: Otto, C. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Trichoptera. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 139–148.

    Mosely, M.E. (1937) Mexican Hydroptilidae (Trichoptera). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 86, 151–190.

    Mosely, M.E. (1939) The Brazilian Hydroptilidae (Trichoptera). Novitates Zoologicae, 41, 217–239.

    Mosely, M.E. (1954) The Protoptila group of the Glossosomatinae (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology Series, 3(9), 317–346.

    Nielsen, A. (1980) A comparative study of the genital segments and the genital chamber in female Trichoptera. Biologiske Skifter, 23(1), 1–200.

    Ross, H.H. (1938) Descriptions of Nearctic caddis flies (Trichoptera), with special reference to Illinois species. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin, 21(4), 101–183.

    Ross, H.H. (1956) Evolution and Classification of the Mountain Caddisflies. University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois, 213 pp.

    Sanmartín, I. & Ronquist, F. (2004) Southern Hemisphere biogeography inferred by event-based models: plant versus animal patterns. Systematic Biology, 53(2), 216–243.

    Schmid, F. (1964) Contribution à l’ètude des Trichoptères nèotropicaux V. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 107, 307–339.

    Schmid, F. (1998) Genera of the Trichoptera of Canada and adjoining or adjacent United States. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, Ontario, 319 pp.

    Ulmer, G. (1906) Neuer Beitrag zur Kenntnis aussereuropaeischer Trichopteren. Notes from the Leyden Museum, 28, 1–116.

    Wiggins, G.B. (1996) Trichoptera families. In: Merritt, R.W. & Cummins, K.W. (Eds.), An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America, 3rd Edition. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, Iowa, pp. 309–349.