Abstract
A review of hydroid-associated pontoniine shrimp genus Rapipontonia Marin, 2007 is presented. The genus is characterized by a highly specific prehensile mechanism of the ambulatory pereiopods that allows clinging to their hosts. A new species is described from Vietnam and Indonesia distinguished from the most similar species, R. paragalene Marin, 2007, by longer rostrum, longer carpus of the minor second pereiopod in females and the number of unpaired spines on the distoventral margin of propodus of the ambulatory pereiopods. A new record of Rapipontonia galene (Holthuis, 1951) from Hawaii significantly extends the known range of the species. A revised key for the identification of all species of the genus is given. Based on morphology of mature females and distribution of individuals per hosts observed in Vietnam, a sex-role reversal mechanism is suggested for the first time within the subfamily.References
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