Zootaxa

Anatomy, ecology, and behavior of a new species of Scleronema Eigenmann, 1917 (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from coastal drainages in the southern Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, with comments on the monophyly and phylogeny of the genus

FLÁVIO A. BOCKMANN — 2023-05-31

A new species of Scleronema (Trichomycteridae) is described from the lowlands of three coastal river basins in the Atlantic Forest of the Santa Catarina state, Southern Brazil. Aspects of the anatomy, reproduction, diet, feeding behavior and habitat of the new species are described and discussed in comparison with related taxa. The conservation status of the new species, which currently faces several threats due to environmental impacts on its region of occurrence, is established. Based on characteristics observed in the new species, as well as in most of its congeners, the phylogenetic position and monophyly of Scleronema are discussed and traits considered synapomorphic for the subgenera Plesioscleronema and Scleronema are reviewed. The monophyly of the genus Scleronema is supported by a new synapomorphy. In addition, two new synapomorphies, one of which based on behavior, are suggested for the subgenus Scleronema, justifying the inclusion of the new species. Within the subgenus Scleronema, the new species is assigned to the S. minutum group, which currently includes the majority of species of the genus, due to the presence of synapomorphic traits related to the body shape, maxillary barbel, skin flap of the opercle, caudal and pectoral fins, as well as osteological features of the lower jaw, hyoid arch, and postcranial axial skeleton. The species herein described differs from all its congeners by a combination of characters from various morphological complexes, which are described in detail using different methodologies, including radiography, whole-specimen clearing and double-staining procedures, and tridimensional computer nanotomography (3D nano-CT).

**Redescription of Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911 and Ophlitaspongia (?) horrida Row, 1911 from the Red Sea, and their placement in Clathria (Clathria) Schmidt, 1862**

MOHAMMED ABDEL LATIF EZZ EL-ARAB — 2023-05-31

Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911 and Ophlitaspongia (?) horrida Row, 1911 from the type locality in the Red Sea, have been re-described based on the type and fresh material from the Red Sea, Egypt. New specimens were used to illustrate the variation within the species. Examination of the type and fresh material indicates both species are unlikely to belong to the genus Ophlitaspongia, due to the possession of echinating (acantho)styles. The presence of a reticulate skeleton indicates Clathria (Clathria) Schmidt, 1862, is the most likely generic assignment for both species.

**The Palaearctic types of Chrysididae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) deposited in the Linsenmaier collection. Part 4. Elampini: genus Omalus Panzer, 1801**

PAOLO ROSA — 2023-05-31

An illustrated catalogue of the Palaearctic types of species and subspecies described by Walter Linsenmaier in Omalus Panzer, 1801 is given. Linsenmaier described 16 species and subspecies of Omalus; most of the primary types are deposited in the collection at the Natur-Museum in Luzern, Switzerland, with the exception of four holotypes which are deposited at the Natural History Museum in London, UK; Nationalparkzentrum in Zernez, Switzerland; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule in Zurich, Switzerland; and Museo de Naturaleza y Arqueologia in St. Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. A list of the species described and pictures of 13 primary and secondary types are presented. A synthesis of his classification is given, with comments and comparison to modern classification.

**Two new species of the genus Hoplopeza Bezzi (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae) from the high Andean forests of Colombia**

CAROLINA HENAO-SEPÚLVEDA — 2023-05-31

Two new Andean species of Hoplopeza Bezzi are described and illustrated: Hoplopeza colombiana sp. nov. and Hoplopeza rafaeli sp. nov. These species are the first record from the Andean ecosystem of Colombia. In addition, the genus is diagnosed, the first description of the female terminalia, as well as a key and distribution map of the Andean species of the genus are presented.

**Two new species of hairy crabs (Pilumnidae) and the first record of Crinitocinus alcocki (Borradaile, 1900) (Acidopsidae) (Crustacea: Brachyura) from Taiwan**

PETER K.L. NG — 2023-05-31

Two new species of pilumnid crabs, Heteropilumnus planus n. sp. and Pseudolitochira taiwang n. sp., are described from reefs in Taiwan. Heteropilumnus planus n. sp. is most similar to H. hirsutior (Lanchester, 1900) from Singapore and Japan, but can easily be distinguished by its distinctly flatter carapace, different anterolateral carapace armature, longer ambulatory legs, and male first gonopod structure. Pseudolitochira taiwang n. sp. is most similar to P. crinita Ng & Clark, 2022, from Papua New Guinea but can easily be separated by its carapace physiognomy, armature of the anterolateral carapace margin and proportionately shorter ambulatory legs. Heteropilumnus setosus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873) is also transferred to Pseudolitochira; and compared with P. taiwang n. sp. The rarely reported acidopsid, Crinitocinus alcocki (Borradaile, 1900) is also recorded from Taiwan for the first time, substantially extending its known range northwards.

Fossil Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from the Eocene Tadushi Formation, the Russian Far East, with description of a new genus

VLADIMIR N. MAKARKIN — 2023-05-31

Three specimens of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) are described from the early/middle Eocene Tadushi Formation of the Russian Far East. They clearly belong to three species, but only one can be named, Archibaldia aristovi gen. et sp. nov.; the other two are fragmentary and treated as genus and species A and B. The new genus also includes A. wehri (Makarkin), comb. nov. from the early Eocene of western North America. The forewing venation of Archibaldia gen. nov. is most similar to that of the Eocene genus Proneuronema Makarkin et al., but differs from it and other genera of the family by the following character states: the basal crossvein 1r-m is present; crossveins between RA and RP1/RP2 are present; RP1 has anteriorly directed pectinate branches; M is dichotomously branched; CuP is forked proximad the first gradate series; and there are crossveins between branches of CuP. The presence of the basal crossvein 1r-m separates Archibaldia gen. nov. from all other hemerobiids and is here interpreted as an autapomorphy of the genus.

**New species of the genus Sonanus Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Korean Peninsula**

SERGEY A. BELOKOBYLSKIJ — 2023-05-31

A new species of the doryctine genus Sonanus Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001, S. tselikhae sp. nov., is described and illustrated from the South Korea. For the first time, the photographs of the type species of the genus Sonanus, S. senzuensis Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001, are provided. A key to the known Asian species of this genus is also provided.

**Two new species of the genus Nicephora Bolívar, 1900 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae) from Yunnan, China**

JIE SU — 2023-05-31

This paper reports two new species of the tribe Meconematini from Yunnan, China, namely Nicephora curvata sp. nov. and Nicephora angustifolia sp. nov., and diagnostic illustrations are provided. The type specimens are deposited in the Museum of Hebei University.

**Bungled Bungarus: lessons from a venomous snake complex illustrate why taxonomic decisions belong in taxonomy-competent journals**

WOLFGANG WÜSTER — 2023-05-31

Correction of mistakes. I. New synonyms of two species Diamesa Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae, Diamesinae) from the Russian Far East, with redescription of D. tsutsuii Tokunaga and D. nivoriunda (Fitch)

EUGENYI A. MAKARCHENKO — 2023-05-31