Abstract
The genus Laccosternus Brancucci, 1983 (Dytiscidae, Laccophilinae) is recorded from Thailand for the first time. This newly collected material allows a better knowledge of this very poorly known taxon. Both of its species, Laccosternus grouvellei (Régimbart, 1895) and L. krausi Brancucci & Vongsana, 2013, were found in different parts of the country, although not in sympatry, and are revised based on these Thai specimens. The male of Laccosternus grouvellei is described for the first time and a new diagnosis of Laccosternus is given, including newly introduced characters. Habitus, male genitalia and details of other characters are illustrated for both species. A distribution map and ecological notes are also presented. The phylogenetic position of Laccosternus within the tribe Laccophilini is studied based on a cladistic analysis of 21 adult morphological characters across all 14 genera and eight crucial species-groups of Laccophilinae, including Agabetes Crotch, 1873 as outgroup. The results recover three principal clades within Laccophilini and strongly support a sister-group relationship between Laccosternus and the New World genus Laccomimus Toledo & Michat, 2015. The positions of Australphilus Watts, 1978 and Laccoporus J. Balfour-Browne, 1938 remain weakly resolved. The last available key to the genera of Laccophilini is modified to fit the new concept of Laccosternus.
References
- Alarie, Y. & Michat, M.C. (2026) Another step in unravelling Deronectina larval morphology: descriptions of Boreonectes griseostriatus griseostriatus (De Geer, 1774) and Nectoboreus aequinoctialis (Clark, 1862) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae) with phylogenetic considerations. Zootaxa, 5787 (1), 97–126. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5787.1.5
- Alarie, Y., Nilsson, A.N., Hendrich, L., Watts, C.H.S. & Balke, M. (2000) Larval morpholory of four genera of Laccophilinae (Coleoptera: Adephaga: Dytiscidae) with an analysis of their phylogenetic relationships. Insect Systematic & Evolution, 31, 121–164. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00354
- Alarie, Y., Spangler, P.J. & Steiner, W.E. Jr. (2002) Larval morphology of Agabetes Crotch (Coleoptera: Adephaga: Dytiscidae): the hypothesis of sister-group relationship with the subfamily Laccophilinae revisited. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 56, 547–567. https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X(2002)056[0547:LMOACC]2.0.CO;2
- Alarie, Y., Watanabe, K. & Michat, M. (2023) The very rare Japanese endemic diving beetle Japanolaccophilus niponensis (Kamiya, 1939), (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Laccophilinae): larval morphology and phylogenetic comparison with other known Laccophilini. Zootaxa, 5285 (1), 116–132. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5285.1.4
- Balfour-Browne, J. (1938) A contribution to the study of the Dytiscidae. - I. (Coleoptera, Adephaga). The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 3 (13), 97–114. https://doi.org/10.1080/03745481.1939.9723578
- Balke, M. & Hendrich, L. (2019) †Japanolaccophilus beatificus sp. n. from Baltic amber and a key to the Laccophilinae genera of the World (Coleoptera: Laccophilinae). Zootaxa, 4567 (1), 176–182. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4567.1.10
- Balke, M., Larson, D., Hendrich, L. & Konyorah, E. (2000) A revision of the New Guinea water beetle genus Philaccolilus Guignot n.stat. (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 47 (1), 29–50. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4800470103
- Balke, M., Panjaitan, R., Surbakti, S., Shaverdo, H., Hendrich, L., Van Dam, M.H. & Lam, A. (2022) NextRAD phylogenomics, sanger sequencing and morphological data to establish three new species of New Guinea stream beetles. Alpine Entomology, 6, 51–64. https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.6.86665
- Balke, M., Toledo, M., Gröhn, C., Rappsilber, I. & Hendrich, L. (2019) †Electruphilus wendeli gen.n., sp.n. — the first diving beetle recorded from Saxonian (Bitterfeld) Amber (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Laccophilinae). Russian Entomological Journal, 28 (4), 350–357. https://doi.org/10.15298/rusentj.28.4.02
- Benetti, C.J., Short, A.E.Z. & Michat, M.C. (2019) Hamadiana chapadensis, a new genus and species of diving beetle from Brazil (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Laccophilinae, Laccophilini). Zootaxa, 4651 (1), 176–184. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.10
- Braga, R.B. & Ferreira-jr, N. (2016) Laccomimus xikrin sp. nov. and new records of other species of Laccomimus Toledo & Michat, 2015 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Laccophilinae) from Brazil. Zootaxa, 4154 (1), 96–100. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4154.1.7
- Brancucci, M. (1983) A New Genus of the Subfamily Laccophilinae (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Aquatic Insects, 5 (4), 351–254. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650428309361151
- Brancucci, M. & Vongsana, K. (2013) A revision of the genus Laccosternus Brancucci, 1983 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Entomologica Basiliensia et Collectionis Frey, 34, 129–135.
- Burmeister, E.-G. (1976) Der Ovipositor der Hydradephaga Coleoptera und seine phylogenetische Bedeutung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Dytiscidae. Zoomorphologie, 85, 165–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00993515
- Burmeister, E.-G. (1990) The systematic position of the genus Agabetes Crotch within Dytiscidae (Coleoptera, Adephaga). Quaestiones Entomologicae, 26, 221–238.
- Crotch, G.R. (1873) Revision of the Dytiscidae of the United States. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 4, 383–424. https://doi.org/10.2307/25076279
- Franciscolo, M.E. (1994) Three new Africophilus Guignot and new records of Gyrinidae and Dytiscidae from Sierra Leone (Coleoptera). Problemi Attuali di Scienza e di Cultura, 267, 267–298.
- Goloboff, P.A., Farris, J.S. & Nixon, K.C. (2008) TNT, a free program for phylogenetic analysis. Cladistics, 24, 774–786. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00217.x
- Guignot, F. (1937) Contribution à l’étude des Laccophilinae (Col. Dytiscidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 42 (9), 137–143. https://doi.org/10.3406/bsef.1937.15145
- Guignot, F. (1948) Vingt-quatrième note sur les hydrocanthares. Dytiscides et gyrinides nouveaux ou peu connus de l’Afrique occidentale. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 52 (10) (1947), 162–165. https://doi.org/10.3406/bsef.1947.16000
- Hebauer, F. (2007) On endemism and the phenomenon of extremity endemism (Coleoptera aquatica). Acta Coleopterologica, 23 (1), 49–55.
- Kitching, I.J., Forey, P.L., Humphries, C.J. & Williams, D.M. (1998) Cladistics, Second Edition. The theory and practice of parsimony analysis. Systematic Association Publications 11. Oxford University Press, New York, 228 pp.
- Leach, W.E. (1815) Entomology. In: Brewster, D. (Ed.), The Edinburgh encyclopaedia. Vol. 9. Part 1. Baldwin, Edinburgh, pp. 57–172.
- Miller, K.B. & Bergsten, J. (2014) Chapter 5. Predaceous Diving Beetles Sexual System. In: Yee, D.A. (Ed.), Ecology, Systematic and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera; Dytiscidae). Springer Sciences+Business Media, Dordrecht, pp. 199–233. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9109-0
- Miller, K.B. & Bergsten, J. (2016) Diving beetles of the world. Systematics and biology of the Dytiscidae. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 320 pp. https://doi.org/10.1093/ae/tmx033
- Nilsson, A.N. (1989) On the genus Agabetes Crotch (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae), with a new species from Iran. Annales Entomologici Fennici, 55, 35–40.
- Nilsson, A.N. & Hájek, J. (2026) A World Catalogue of the Family Dytiscidae, or the Diving Beetles. Internet version 1.I.2026. National Museum, Prague, 331 pp. Available from: www.waterbeetles.eu (accessed 16 March 2026)
- Omer-Cooper, J. (1969) Notes on some little known species of Africophilus Guign. (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) with the description of three new species. The Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 32 (2), 461–467.
- Régimbart, M. (1895) Dytiscides trouvés dans les tabacs par les soins de M. Antoine Grouvelle. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 64, 321–348.
- Régimbart, M. (1899) Révision des Dytiscidae de la région Indo-Sino-Malaise. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 68, 186–367. https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1899.12279737
- Sanfilippo, N. & Franciscolo, M.E. (1988) New Africophilus Guignot collected by Prof. Walter Rossi in the 1986–1987 expeditions to Sierra Leone sponsored by Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana, 120 (2), 84–100.
- Satô, M. (1972) New dytiscid beetles from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 45, 49–59.
- Sharp, D. (1882) On aquatic carnivorous Coleoptera or Dytiscidae. The Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, Series II, 2, 179–1003, pls. VII–XVIII. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9530
- Short, A.E.Z. (2017) Systematics of aquatic beetles (Coleoptera): current state and future directions. Systematic Entomology, 43 (1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12270
- Steiner, W.E. Jr. (1981) A new genus and a new species of Laccophilinae water beetle from Ecuador (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 57, 251–259.
- Toledo, M. & Michat, M. (2015) Description of Laccomimus gen. n. and eleven new species from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Laccophilinae). Zootaxa, 3990 (3), 301–354. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3990.3.1
- Toledo, M., Henrdich, L. & Štastný, J. (2002) Two new species of Laccophilus from Sulawesi with notes on other Laccophilinae in Southeast Asia (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 15 (1), 189–200.
- Toledo, M., Spangler, P.J. & Balke, M. (2010) Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical diving beetles genus Laccodytes Régimbart, 1895 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Zootaxa, 2347 (1), 37–58. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2347.1.2
- Watts, C.H.S. (1978) A revision of the Australian Dytiscidae (Coleoptera). Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series, 57, 1–166. https://doi.org/10.1071/AJZS057
- Zhao, S., Jia, F. & Balke, M. (2011) Rhantus fengi sp. n. from Xizang, China, and notes on Laccoporus nigritulus (Gschwendtner) (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys, 94, 61–71. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.1161
- Zimmermann, A. (1920) Pars 71. Dytiscidae, Haliplidae, Hygrobiidae, Amphizoidae. In: Schenkling, S. (Ed.), Coleopterorum Catalogus, Volumen IV. Junk, Berlin, pp. 1–326.
