Abstract
Angola is a large south-tropical African country with a rich plant diversity of over 7000 species. The vast majority of the plants collected in the country for deposition in preserved collections was obtained while Angola was under Portuguese rule. An historical analysis is presented of plant collecting in the country from the earliest times until the end of the 20th century. We also reflect on connections between biodiversity science and slavery; only recently have these links been acknowledged and receiving attention. The social environment prevalent in Angola at the time of its historical botanical exploration is discussed to enable an improved understanding of connections between scientific endeavour, colonialism, and slavery in the country. Gender- and ethnic group-based aspects are analysed and discussed.
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<p>Chevalier, A.J.B. (1911) <em>Sudania. Énumération des Plantes récoltées en Afrique tropicale par M. Aug. Chevalier de 1898 à 1910 inclus. Tome 1 (Nº 1 à nº 12.000).</em> Augustin Challamel, Paris, pages not numbered consecutively throughout, ‘Table des Matières’ not numbered. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11024</p>
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<p>Dold, T. & Kelly, J. (Comp. & Eds.) (2018) <em>Bushmen, botany and baking bread. Mary Pocock’s record of a journey with Dorothea Bleek across Angola in 1925</em>. NISC (Pty) Ltd, Grahamstown, 310 + appendices 1–6, numbered separately, A 49 pp.</p>
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<p>Estermann, C. (1941) Contribuição dos missionários do Espírito Santo para a exploração científica do sul de Angola. <em>Boletim Geral das Colónias</em> 196: 3–15.</p>
<p>Exell, A.W. (1962) Pre-Linnean collections in the Sloane Herbarium from Africa south of the Sahara. <em>In</em>: Fernandes, A. (ed.) <em>Comptes Rendus de la IVe réunion plénière de l’Association pour l’étude de la flore de l’Afrique Tropicale</em>. Junta de Investigações do Ultramar, Lisboa, pp. 47–49.</p>
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<p>Exell, M.A. (1937) Diary of the 1937 expedition to Angola. Typescript.</p>
<p>Fernandes, A. (1939) Notícia sôbre a vida e a obra do Prof. Luiz Wittnich Carrisso. <em>Boletim da Sociedade Broteriana</em> 13: xxxiii–lxxii.</p>
<p>Ferrão, J.E.M. (2005 [November]) <em>A aventura das plantas e os descobrimentos portugueses</em> / <em>The adventure of plants and the Portuguese discoveries</em>. 3ª Edição. Instituto Investigação Científica Tropical, Lisboa, Fundação Berardo, Funchal, and Chaves Ferreira—Publicações, S.A., Lisboa, 287 pp.</p>
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<p>Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011) Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. <em>Bothalia</em> 41: 41–82. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v41i1.34</p>
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