Abstract
The taxonomy of Old World Trigonidiinae (sword-tailed crickets) is in need of major revision. This includes its type genus Trigonidium. Various authors have different opinions on what constitutes the subgenera and species of Trigonidium s. l. and this has led to considerable confusion and inconsistencies. Recent use of molecular data has helped make some progress in resolving some of these problems, but there are still limitations. In this paper, we aim to provide a baseline to resolve the confusion in the taxonomy of Trigonidium s. l. Firstly, we provide a literature review of the contentious taxa related to Trigonidium and also provide some recommendations on future work for Trigonidium s. l. Secondly, we reanalysed the gene tree (sensu Lu et al., 2018) using more DNA sequences from GenBank to test whether Trigonidium s. str. and Paratrigonidium should be considered separate genera or subgenera of Trigonidium s. l. However, the gene tree based on current data was not conclusive. Lastly, we describe a new species of Trigonidium s. str. from Siargao Island, Mindanao (Philippines): Trigonidium solis sp. nov.
References
Baehr, M. (1989) On some new and rare crickets from northern and north-western Australia. Spixiana, 12 (1), 13–29.
Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. (1893) Revision du systeme des Orthopteres et description des especes rapportees par M. Leon Fea de Birmanie. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova, 2 (13), 1–230.
Chintauan-Marquier, I., Legendre, F., Hugel, S., Robillard, T., Grandcolas, P., Nel, A., Zuccon, D. & Desutter-Grandcolas, L. (2016) Laying the foundations of evolutionary and systematic studies in crickets (Insecta, Orthoptera): a multilocus phylogenetic analysis. Cladistics, 32, 54–81.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12114
Chopard, L. (1951) A revision of the Australian Grylloidea. Records of the South Australian Museum, 9, 397–533.
Chopard, L. (1968) Family Gryllidae: Subfamilies Mogoplistinae, Myrecophilinae, Scleropterinae, Cachoplistinae, Pteroplistinae, Pentacentrinae, Phalangopsinae, Trigonidiinae, Eneopterinae; Family Oecanthidae, Gryllotalpidae. In: Beier, M. (Ed.), Orthopterorum Catalogus. Vol.12. Uitgeverij Dr. W. Junk N. V.’s, Gravenhage, pp. 215–500.
Chopard, L. (1969) Grylloidea. In: Sewell, R.B.S. (Ed.), The fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Orthoptera. Vol. 2. Zoological Survey of India and Baptist Mission Press, Calcutta, pp. i–xviii + 1–421 + 1.
Cigliano, M.M., Braun, H., Eades, D.C. & Otte, D. (2018) Orthoptera species file online. Version 5 (5.0). Available from: http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/HomePage/Orthoptera/HomePage.aspx (accessed 20 December 2018)
Desutter-Grandcolas, L., Anso, J. & Jourdan, H. (2016) Crickets of New Caledonia (Insecta, Orthoptera, Grylloidea): a key to genera, with diagnoses of extant genera and descriptions of new taxa. Zoosystema, 38 (4), 405–452.
https://doi.org/10.5252/z2016n4a1
Gorochov, A.V. (1987) To the cricket fauna of the subfamilies Euscyrtinae, Trigonidiinae and Oecanthinae (Orthoptera, Gryllidae) from Eastern Indochina. In: Medvedev, L.N. (ed.) Entomofauna Vietnama [Entomofauna of Vietnam]: 5–17. Moscow: Nauka. (In Russian).
Gorochov, A.V. (1988) New and little known tropical Grylloidea (Orthoptera). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences, 178, 3–31. (In Russian).
Gorochov, A.V. (2015) Evolution and taxonomic significance of the copulatory apparatus in Ensifera (Orthoptera). Part 2: Male genitalia in Grylloidea (Orthoptera: Ensifera). Zoosystematica Rossica, 24 (1), 31–41.
Gorochov, A.V., Tan, M.K. & Lee, C.Y. (2018) Taxonomic notes on the cricket subfamilies Nemobiinae and Trigonidiinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) from islands and coasts of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Zoosystematica Rossica, 27 (2), 290–321.
https://doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2018.27.2.290
He, Z.-Q, Liu, Y.-Q, Lu, H., Wang, H.-Q, Wang, P. & Li, K. (2017) A new species of Paratrigonidium Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 from Hainan, China (Orthoptera: Trigonidiidae; Trigonidiinae). Zootaxa, 4363 (1), 124–128.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4363.1.5
Hugel, S. (2012) Trigonidiinae crickets from Rodrigues island: from widespread pantropical species to critically endangered endemic species. Zootaxa, 3191, 41–55.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3191.1.4
Ichikawa, A. (2001) New species of Japanese crickets (Orthoptera; Grylloidea) with notes on certain taxa. Tettigonia: Memoirs of the Orthopterological Society of Japan, 3, 45–58.
Katoh, K. & Standley, D.M. (2013) MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 30 (4), 772–780.
https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst010
Kim, T.W. (2013) A taxonomic review of the sword-tailed cricket subfamily Trigonidiinae (Orthoptera: Ensifera: Gryllidae) from Korea. Journal of Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity, 29 (1), 74–83.
https://doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2013.29.1.74
Kirby, W.F. (1906) A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Volume II. British Museum (Nature History), London. 562 pp.
Lu, H., Wang, H.-Q., Li, K., Liu, X.-W. & He, Z.-Q. (2018) Settlement of the classification of Svistella Gorochov and Paratrigonidium Brunner von Wattenwyl using morphology and molecular techniques, with the description of a new species from Yunnan, China (Orthoptera: Trigonidiidae: Trigonidiinae). Zootaxa, 4402 (1), 174–181.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4402.1.9
Otte, D. (1994) The Crickets of Hawaii: Origin, Systematics and Evolution. The Orthopterists’ Society, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 396 pp.
Otte D. & Alexander R.D. (1983) The Australian crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Monograph 22. Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences of Phladelphia. 477 pp.
Stål, C. (1877) Orthoptera nova ex Insulis Philippinis descripsit. Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlinger, 34 (10), 33–58.
Storozhenko, S. Y. & Paik, J. C. (2007) Orthoptera of Korea. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 232 pp.
Sugimoto, M. (2001) Taxonomic study of Trigonidiinae (Orthoptera: Trigonidiidae) of the Ryukyus, SW Japan, with descriptions of two new species. Tettigonia: Memoirs of the Orthopterological Society of Japan, 3, 81–87.
Tan, M.K. (2012) Orthoptera of the exhumed Bidadari cemetery, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 5, 343–350.
Tan, M.K. & Robillard, T. (2012) Two new cricket species (Orthoptera: Gryllidae and Mogoplistidae) from the mangrove areas of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 60 (2), 411–420.
Tan, M.K. & Wahab, R.A. (2018) Preliminary study on the diversity of Orthoptera from Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, Brunei Darussalam, Borneo. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 27 (2), 119–142.
https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.24152
Yin, H.S. & Liu, X.W. (1995) Synopsis on the Classification of Grylloidea and Gryllotalpoidea from China. Shanghai Scientific and Technological Literature Publishing House, Shanghai, 237 pp.