Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2017-07-27
Page range: 263–270
Abstract views: 57
PDF downloaded: 1

Life-stage association of black flies, using a fast-evolving nuclear gene sequence, and description of the larva of Simulium lampangense Takaoka & Choochote (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand.
Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0310 USA
Diptera DNA barcode ECP1 sequence phylogeny Simulium multistriatum species group Thailand

Abstract

Larval black flies, especially earlier instars, can be difficult to associate morphologically and chromosomally with other life stages. We used sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and nuclear elongation complex protein 1 (ECP1) to associate unknown larvae with known species of the Simulium multistriatum species group in Thailand. COI barcode sequences failed to differentiate closely related species (S. chaliowae, S. lampangense, and S. fenestratum) and unknown larvae. In contrast, ECP1 sequences clearly separated these species, and revealed that the unknown larvae clustered with pupae of S. lampangense. The larva of S. lampangense is described morphologically for the first time. It is similar to that of S. chaliowae, but can be distinguished by a pair of dorsal protuberances on segments 3–7 rather than on segments 2–6.

 

References

  1. Adler, P.H. & Crosskey, R.W. (2016) World blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): A comprehensive revision of the taxonomic and geographical inventory [2016]. 126 pp. Available from: http://www.clemson.edu/cafls/biomia/pdfs/blackflyinventory.pdf (Accessed 26 Jul. 2017)

    Adler, P.H., Currie, D.C & Wood, D.M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York. 941 pp.

    Anisimova, M. & Gascuel, O. (2006) Approximate likelihood-ratio test for branches: a fast, accurate, and powerful alternative. Systematic Biology, 55, 539–552.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10635150600755453

    Crosskey, R.W. (1990) The Natural History of Blackflies. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, England. 711 pp.

    Folmer, R.H.A, Nilges, M., Folkers, P.J.M., Konings, R.N.H. & Hilbers, C.W. (1994) A model of the complex between single-stranded DNA and the single-stranded DNA binding protein encoded by gene V of filamentous bacteriophage M13. Journal of Molecular Biology, 240, 341–357.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.1994.1449

    Guindon, S., Dufayard, J.F., Lefort, V., Anisimova, M., Hordijk, W. & Gascuel, O. (2010) New algorithms and methods to estimate maximum-likelihood phylogenies: assessing the performance of PhyML 3.0. Systematic Biology, 59, 307–321.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syq010

    Hebert, P.D.N., Cywinska, A., Ball, S.L. & deWaard, J.R. (2003) Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 270, 313–321.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2002.2218

    Huelsenbeck, J.P. & Ronquist, F. (2001) MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics, 17, 754–755.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/17.8.754

    Low, V.L., Pramual, P., Adler, P.H., Ya’cob, Z., Huang, Y.T., Da Pham, X. & Sofian-Azirun, M. (2016) Delineating taxonomic boundaries in the largest species complex of black flies (Simuliidae) in the Oriental Region. Scientific Reports, 6 (20346), 1–8.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep20346

    Malmqvist, B., Adler, P.H, Kuusela, K., Merritt, R.W. & Wotton, R.S. (2004) Black flies in the boreal biome, key organisms in both terrestrial and aquatic environments: a review. Écoscience, 11, 187–200.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2004.11682824

    Meier, R., Shiyang, K., Vaidya, G. & Ng, P.K. (2006) DNA barcoding and taxonomy in Diptera: a tale of high intraspecific variability and low identification success. Systematic Biology, 55, 715–728.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10635150600969864

    Nylander, J.A., Ronquist, F., Huelsenbeck, J.P. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. (2004) Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of combined data. Systematic Biology, 53, 47–67.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10635150490264699

    Phayuhasena, S., Colgan, D.J., Kuvangkadilok, C., Pramual, P. & Baimai, V. (2010) Phylogenetic relationships among the black fly species (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Thailand based on multiple gene sequences. Genetica, 138, 633–648.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10709-010-9437-0

    Pramual, P. & Adler, P.H. (2014) DNA barcoding of tropical black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Thailand. Molecular Ecology Resources, 14, 262–271.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12174

    Pramual, P. & Kuvangkadilok, C. (2012) Integrated cytogenetic, ecological, and DNA barcode study reveals cryptic diversity in Simulium (Gomphostilbia) angulistylum (Diptera: Simuliidae). Genome, 55, 447–458.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g2012-031

    Pramual, P. & Nanork, P. (2012) Phylogenetic analysis based on multiple gene sequences revealing cryptic biodiversity in Simulium multistriatum group (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand. Entomological Science, 15, 202–213.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2011.00491.x

    Pramual, P., Thaijarern, J. & Wongpakam, K. (2016) DNA barcoding of human-biting black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand. Acta Tropica, 164, 33–40.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.08.016

    Pramual, P. & Wongpakam, K. (2014) Association of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) life stages using DNA barcode. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 17, 549–554.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2014.05.006

    Rivera, J. & Currie, D.C. (2009) Identification of Nearctic black flies using DNA barcodes (Diptera: Simuliidae). Molecular Ecology Resources, 9 (s1), 224–236.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02648.x

    Senatore, G.L., Alexander, E.A., Adler, P.H. & Moulton, J.K. (2014) Molecular systematics of the Simulium jenningsi species group (Diptera: Simuliidae), with three new fast-evolving nuclear genes for phylogenetic inference. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 75, 138–148.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.018

    Sriphirom, P., Sopaladawan, P.N., Wongpakam, K. & Pramual, P. (2014) Molecular phylogeny of black flies in the Simulium tuberosum (Diptera: Simuliidae) species group in Thailand. Genome, 57, 45–55.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2013-0145

    Swofford, D.L. (2002) PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (* and other methods). Sunderland, MA.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511819049.010

    Takaoka, H. & Choochote, W. (2004) A list of and keys to black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand. Tropical Medicine and Health, 32, 189–197.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.2149/tmh.32.189

    Takaoka, H. & Choochote, W. (2005a) Two new species of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from northern Thailand. Medical Entomology and Zoology, 56, 319–333.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.56.319

    Takaoka, H. & Choochote, W. (2005b) Two new species of Simulium Latreille (Diptera: Simuliidae) from northwestern Thailand. Medical Entomology and Zoology, 56, 123–133.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.56.123

    Takaoka, H. & Choochote, W. (2007) A new species of the multistriatum species group of Simulium (Simulium) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Northern Thailand. Tropical Medicine and Health, 35, 19–22.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.2149/tmh.35.19

    Takaoka, H. & Davies, D.M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, Japan. 175 pp.

    Takaoka, H. & Kuvangkadilok, C. (1999) Four new species of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand. Japanese Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 27, 497–509.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.2149/tmh1973.27.497

    Takaoka, H. & Saito, K. (1996) A new species and new records of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand. Japanese Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 24, 163–169.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.2149/tmh1973.24.163

    Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M. & Kumar, S. (2007) MEGA4: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24, 1596–1599.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msm092

    Thanwisai, A., Kuvangkadilok, C. & Baimai, V. (2006) Molecular phylogeny of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand, using ITS2 rDNA. Genetica, 128, 177–204.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10709-005-5702-z