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Issue: Vol. 4286 No. 2: 30 Jun. 2017
Type: Article
Published: 2017-06-30
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.2.8
Page range: 254–266
Abstract views: 211
PDF downloaded: 5

Myths and facts about the absence of socii in the male genitalia of Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns, Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstraße 21, 81247, Munich, Germany.
Lepidoptera Asthenini Cataclysmini Chesiadini Cidariini Euphyiini Eupitheciini geometrid moths gnathos higher-rank classification homology Hydriomenini larentiine moths Larentiini male genitalia Melanthiini morphology Operophterini Perizomini Phileremini Rheumapterini Scotopterygini socius Solitaneini Stamnodini Trichopterygini Triphosini uncus Xanthorhoini

Abstract

The definition of the term ‘socius’ is evaluated. Considering several recent publications, in which it was assumed that the socii were generally lacking in the male genitalia of the larentiine moths of the family Geometridae, the male genitalic characters of a number of larentiine species representing all the European tribes have been re-examined. The study reveals that the socii are widely present in the European Larentiinae. The presence of the socii in Larentiinae is reviewed. Illustrations of the uncus and socii in the male genitalia of selected species are provided.

 

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