Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 4107 No. 3: 3 May 2016
Type: Article
Published: 2016-05-03
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4107.3.2
Page range: 321–337
Abstract views: 43
PDF downloaded: 2

A remarkable new species of the magnus species-group of Cryptocellus (Arachnida, Ricinulei) from Ecuador, with observations on the taxonomy of the New World genera

División Aracnología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Avenida Ángel Gallardo 470, CP: 1405DJR, C.A.B.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina. Associate Researcher. Laboratorio de Entomología, Unidad de Ecología y Sistemática–UNESIS, Departamento de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
2CONACYT Research Fellow, Laboratory of Arachnology. Laboratorio Regional de Biodiversidad y Cultivo de Tejidos Vegetales, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), sede Tlaxcala, Ex-Fábrica San Manuel, San Miguel Contla, 90640 Santa Cruz Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico. Colección Nacional de Arácnidos (CNAN), Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Distrito Federal, Mexico City, Mexico.
Cryptocellus taxonomy species-groups carapacial translucent areas Ecuador Coleoptera

Abstract

A new ricinuleid species, Cryptocellus chimaera sp. nov., is described based on a male specimen from Northwest Ecuador (Esmeraldas, Reserva Ecológica Mache-Chindul, Estación Biológica Bilsa). This species is unique among all Cryptocellus in having very large longitudinal carapacial translucent areas together with a markedly incrassate femur of leg II. Representing only the second species of the order described from Ecuador, C. chimaera sp. nov. is assigned to the magnus species-group of Cryptocellus Westwood, 1874. Cryptocellus chimaera sp. nov. is remarkable, for its morphology resembles that of Cryptocellus magnus Ewing, 1929, especially with regard to the male copulatory apparatus, although both resemble Pseudocellus Platnick, 1980, due to the presence of diffuse longitudinal carapacial translucent areas. Along with the new species description, a comparative diagnosis and supplementary images are provided for C. magnus. Based on direct observations of some species belonging to the five species-groups of Cryptocellus, we discuss on the occurrence of different morphologies of carapacial translucent areas within the genus. We deem it important to continue the survey of morphological characters, especially within Cryptocellus, in order to increase our understanding of the species-groups and to unravel their relationships.

References

  1. Botero-Trujillo, R. (2014) A new Colombian species of Cryptocellus (Arachnida, Ricinulei), with notes on the taxonomy of the genus. Zootaxa, 3814 (1), 121–132.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3814.1.7

    Botero-Trujillo, R. & Pérez, G.A. (2008) A new species of Cryptocellus (Arachnida, Ricinulei) from northwestern Colombia. Journal of Arachnology, 36, 468–471.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1636/CH07-95SC.1

    Botero-Trujillo, R. & Pérez, G.A. (2009) A new species of Cryptocellus (Arachnida, Ricinulei) from the Kófan Territory in southwestern Colombia. Zootaxa, 2050, 56–64.

    Buckland, W. (1837) Geology and minerology considered with reference to natural theology. Vol. 2. William Pickering: London.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.36097

    Chamberlin, R.V. & Ivie, W. (1938) Arachnida of the orders Pedipalpida, Scorpionida and Ricinulida. Carnegie Institute Washington, Publications, 491, 101–107.

    Cockerell, T.D.A. (1916) The uropods of Acanthotelson stimpsoni. Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, 6, 234–236.

    Cokendolpher, J.C. (2000) First Cryptocellus from Suriname (Ricinulei). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 78, 515–520.

    Cooke, J.A.L. & Shadab, M.U. (1973) New and little known ricinuleids of the genus Cryptocellus (Arachnida, Ricinulei). American Museum Novitates, 2530, 1–25.

    Cooreman, J. (1976) Description d’une stase nymphale d’un Ricinulei de l’Ecuador, Cryptocellus leleupi n.sp. In: Leleup, N. (Ed), Mission Zoologique Belge aux îles Galapagos et un Ecuador (N. et J. Leleup, 1964–1965), vol. 3. Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika: Bruxelles, 25–52.

    Dumitresco, M. & Juvara-Bals, I. (1977) Position systematique de Heteroricinoides bordoni n. g. n. sp. dans la famille Ricinuleididae (Arachnida). Boletín de la Sociedad Venezolana de Espeleología, 7, 147–180.

    Ewing, H.E. (1929) A synopsis of the American arachnids of the primitive order Ricinulei. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 22, 583–600.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/22.4.583

    Fernández, R. & Giribet, G. (2015) Unnoticed in the tropics: phylogenomic resolution of the poorly known arachnid order Ricinulei (Arachnida). Royal Society Open Science, 2, 1–13.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150065

    García, L.F., Torrado-León, E., Talarico, G. & Peretti, A.V. (2015) First characterization of the behavioral repertory in a ricinuleid: Cryptocellus narino Platnick & Paz 1979 (Arachnida, Ricinulei, Ricinoididae). Journal of Insect Behavior, 28, 447–459.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10905-015-9517-1

    Hansen, H.J. & Sørensen, W. (1904) On two orders of Arachnida. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.

    Harvey, M.S. (2002) The neglected cousins: what do we know about the smaller arachnids orders? Journal of Arachnology, 30, 357–372.

    Harvey, M.S. (2003) Catalogue of the Smaller Arachnid Orders of the World. CSIRO Publishing, Collinwood, Victoria, Australia, 385 pp.

    Murienne, J., Benavides, L.R., Prendini, L., Hormiga, G. & Giribet, G. (2012) Forest refugia in Western and Central Africa as ‘museums’ of Mesozoic biodiversity. Biology Letters, 9, 2–7.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2012.0932

    Ortega-Andrade, H.M., Bermingham, J., Aulestia, C., & Paucar, C. (2010) Herpetofauna of the Bilsa Biological Station, province of Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Check List, 6 (1), 119–154.

    Pinto-da-Rocha, R. & Andrade, R. (2012) A new Cryptocellus (Arachnida: Ricinulei) from Eastern Amazonia. Zoologia, 29, 474–478.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702012000500012

    Platnick, N.I. (1980) On the phylogeny of Ricinulei. In: Gruber, J. (Ed), Verhandlungen des 8. Internationalen Arachnologen-Kongress, Wien. H. Egermann, Wien, pp. 349–353.

    Platnick, N.I. (2002) Ricinulei. In: Adis, J. (Ed.), Amazonian Arachnida and Myriapoda. PENSOFT Publishers, Sofia-Moscow, pp. 381–386.

    Platnick, N.I. & Paz, N. (1979) On the Cryptocellus magnus group (Arachnida, Ricinulei). American Museum Novitates, 2677, 1–9.

    Platnick, N.I. & Shadab, M.U. (1976) On Colombian Cryptocellus (Arachnida, Ricinulei). American Museum Novitates, 2605, 1–8.

    Platnick, N.I. & Shadab, M.U. (1977) On Amazonian Cryptocellus (Arachnida, Ricinulei). American Museum Novitates, 2633, 1–17.

    Platnick, N.I. & Shadab, M.U. (1981a) On Central American Cryptocellus (Arachnida, Ricinulei). American Museum Novitates, 2711, 1–13.

    Platnick, N.I. & Shadab, M.U. (1981b) On the Cryptocellus centralis group (Arachnida, Ricinulei). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 170, 18–22.

    Roewer, C.F. (1952) Neotropische Arachnida Arthrogastra, zumeist aus Peru. Senckenbergiana Biologica, 33 (1/3), 37–58.

    Salvatierra, L. & Tourinho, A.L. (2016) The integumentary ultrastructure of Cryptocellus bordoni Dumitresco and Juvara-Bals, 1976 (Arachnida, Ricinulei). Micron, 81, 1–19.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2015.10.003

    Salvatierra, L., Tourinho, A.L. & Giribet, G. (2013) Description of the male, larva and nymphal stages of Cryptocellus iaci (Arachnida, Ricinulei), with an overview of tarsal sensilla and other integumental structures. Zootaxa, 3709 (2), 149–161.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3709.2.3

    Scudder, S.H. (1884) A contribution to our knowledge of Paleozoic Arachnida. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 20, 13–22.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25138764

    Selden, PA. (1992) Revision of the fossil ricinuleids. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 83, 595–634.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0263593300003333

    Shorthouse D.P. (2010) SimpleMappr, a web-enabled tool to produce publication-quality point maps. Available from: http:// www.simplemappr.net (accessed 3 August 2015)

    Talarico, G., García, L.F. & Michalik, P. (2008a) The male genital system of the New World Ricinulei (Arachnida): ultrastructure of spermatozoa and spermiogenesis with special emphasis on its phylogenetic implications. Arthropod Structure & Development, 37, 396–409.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2008.01.006

    Talarico, G., Palacios-Vargas, J.G, & Alberti, G. (2008b) The pedipalp of Pseudocellus pearsei (Ricinulei, Arachnida) – ultrastructure of a multifunctional organ. Arthropod Structure & Development, 37, 511–521.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2008.02.001

    Talarico, G., Palacios-Vargas, J.G, Silva, M.F. & Alberti, G. (2006) Ultrastructure of tarsal sensilla and other integument structures of two Pseudocellus species (Ricinulei, Arachnida). Journal of Morphology, 267, 441–463.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.10415

    Teruel, R. & Armas, L.F. (2008) Nuevo Pseudocellus Platnick 1980 de Cuba oriental y nuevos registros de Pseudocellus paradoxus (Cooke 1972) (Ricinulei: Ricinoididae). Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, 43, 29–33.

    Teruel, R & Schramm, F.D. (2014) Description of the adult male of Pseudocellus pachysoma Teruel & Armas 2008 (Ricinulei: Ricinoididae). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, 24, 75–79.

    Tourinho, A.L. & Azevedo, C.S. (2007) A new Amazonian Cryptocellus Westwood (Arachnida, Ricinulei). Zootaxa, 1540, 55–60.

    Tourinho, A.L. & Saturnino, R. (2010) On the Cryptocellus peckorum and Cryptocellus adisi groups, and description of a new species of Cryptocellus from Brazil (Arachnida: Ricinulei). Journal of Arachnology, 38, 425–432.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1636/Ha09-108.1

    Tourinho, A.L., Lo Man-Hung, N.F. & Bonaldo, A.B. (2010) A new species of Ricinulei of the genus Cryptocellus Westwood (Arachnida) from northern Brazil. Zootaxa, 2684, 63–68.

    Tourinho, A.L., Lo Man-Hung, N.F. & Salvatierra, L. (2014) A new Amazonian species of Cryptocellus (Arachnida, Ricinulei), with descriptions of its integumental structures and all free-living life stages. Zootaxa, 3814 (1), 81–95.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3814.1.4

    Valdez-Mondragón, A. & Francke, O.F. (2011) Four new species of the genus Pseudocellus (Arachnida: Ricinulei: Ricinoididae) from Mexico. Journal of Arachnology, 39 (3), 365–377.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1636/Ha11-02.1

    Valdez-Mondragón, A. & Francke, O.F. (2013) Two new species of ricinuleids of the genus Pseudocellus (Arachnida: Ricinulei: Ricinoididae) from southern Mexico. Zootaxa, 3635 (5), 545–556.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3635.5.4

    Westwood, J.O. (1874) Thesaurus Entomologicus Oxoniensis. Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK, 205 pp.

    Wunderlich, J. (2012) Description of the first fossil Ricinulei in amber from Burma (Myanmar), the first report of this arachnid order from the Mesozoic and from Asia, with notes on the related extinct order Trigonotarbida. In: Wunderlich, J (Ed), Beiträge zur Araneologie 7: Fifteen papers on extant and fossil spiders (Araneae). Joerg Wunderlich, Hirschberg, Germany, pp. 233–244.

    Wunderlich, J. (2015) New and rare fossil Arachnida in Cretaceous Burmese amber (Amblypygi, Ricinulei and Uropygi: Thelephonida). In: Wunderlich, J. (Ed.), Beiträge zur Araneologie 9: Spinnen des erdmittelalters. Joerg Wunderlich, Hirschberg, Germany, pp. 409–436.