Abstract
The 541 species of Scarabaeoidea known to occur in Panama are listed. Synonymies are included when present. Names placed in new synonymy are Pelidnota hirsutiphallica Ratcliffe and Jameson (=P. pubes Ohaus) and Bolax vittatus Casey (= B. magnus Bates). All taxa are accompanied by an abbreviated reference to the original literature citation wherein they were described. A list of provinces in Panama in which each species is known to occur is also provided.References
Alberch, P. (1993) Museums, collections and biodiversity inventories. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 8, 372-375.
Anonymous (1974) Trends, priorities, and needs in systematic and evolutionary biology. Systematic Zoology, 23, 416-439.
Anonymous (1981) Annual report to Congress. President’s Council on Environmental Quality. U.S. Government Printing Press, Washington, D.C.
Blackwelder, R.E. 1944. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Bulletin of the U.S. National Museum 185: 189-341.
Blackwelder, R.E. and R.H. Arnett, Jr. 1974. Checklist of the beetles of Canada, United States, Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies. Volume 1, part 3, the scarab beetles, ant-loving beetles, clown beetles, and related groups (red version). The Biological Research Institute of America, Latham, NY. Sections numbered separately.
Hardy, A.R. 1975. A revision of the genus Pelidnota of America north of Panama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae; Rutelinae). University of California Publications in Entomology 78: 1-43.
Hawks, D. C. 2001. Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in Chrysina and a synonymic checklist of species (Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). Occasional Papers of the Consortium Coleopterorum 4: 1-8.
Howden, H.F. 1964. The Geotrupinae of North and Central America. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada No. 39: 1-91.
Howden, H.F. 1968. A review of the Trichiinae of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada No. 54: 1-77.
Howden, H. F. and B. D. Gill. 2000. Tribes of New World Ceratocanthinae, with keys to genera and descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Sociobiology 35:281-329.
Howden, H.F. and O.P. Young. 1981. Panamanian Scarabaeinae: taxonomy, distribution, and habits (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 18: 1-204.
Jameson, M. L. 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of the subtribe Rutelina and revision of the Rutela generic groups. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 14: 1-184.
Janzen, D. 1987. Insect diversity of a Costa Rican dry forest: why keep it, and how? Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society 30: 343-356.
Morón, M.A. 1990. Rutelini 1: Plusiotis – Chrysina – Chrysophora – Pelidnotopsis – Ectinoplectron. The Beetles of the World 10: 1-145.
National Research Council. 1980. Research priorities in tropical biology. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. 116 pp.
National Science Board. 1989. Loss of biological diversity: a global crisis requiring international solutions. National Science Board Report 89-171: 1-19.
Quintero, D. and A. Aiello. 1992. Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica. Selected Studies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England. 692 pp.
Ratcliffe, B. C. 1991. The scarab beetles of Nebraska. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 12: 1-333.
Ratcliffe, B.C. (in press). The dynastine scarab beetles of Costa Rica and Panama. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum.
Ratcliffe, B. C. (in press). Chapter 37-V. Subfamily Dynastinae MacLeay 1819, the Rhinoceros Beetles. In, Arnett, R. H. and M. Thomas (eds.), American Beetles: A Handbook of the Beetles of Nearctic America. CRC Press.
Soula, M. 1998. Revision des Anthicheirina (sic) 1. Les Coléopterès du Monde 26: 1-116.
Wilson, E. O. 1992. The Diversity of Life. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. 424 pp.