Abstract
Cheilolejeunea decursiva (Sande Lacoste 1855: 522) Schuster (1963: 112) is a pantropical species, but only one record based on F. C. Hoehne’s collection from Southeast Brazil is known as Microlejeunea subaphanes Herzog (1950: 70) in America (Shu et al. 2014). This species is well characterized by the autoicous condition, minute size of the plants, more or less obovate and falcate leaves, strongly elongate, unicellular apical tooth of the leaf lobule, large leaf lobules about 2/5−1/2 as long as the leaf lobes, pycnolejeuneoid leaf sequence of the gynoecial innovations, and male bracteoles only at the base of the androecium (Zhu & Lai 2005; Shu et al. 2014). Owing to the very minute size of the plants, Shu et al. (2014) prophesied that C. decursiva may be found in more localities in Brazil and other neotropical regions after more detailed investigations. Recently a new species restricted to the South and Southeast Brazil, Cheilolejeunea cyrtolejeuneoides Bastos & Schäfer-Verwimp (2017: 66), was described in accordance with two collections made by one of the authors of the present paper (A. Schäfer-Verwimp) in 1987 and 1990. However, the earlier record of Cheilolejeunea decursiva in Brazil (Herzog 1950; Shu et al. 2014) was overlooked. According to the description and illustration, C. cyrtolejeuneoides is conspecific with C. decursiva.