Abstract
Two new species of the Brazilian endemic genus Acritopappus from Chapada Diamantina, in Bahia state, are described. The new species, A. jacobaeus, is rather similar to A. micropappus also from the NE area of Chapada Diamantina, but differs from this species by its petiolate, papyraceous, smaller leaves with acute apex, and sessile, grouped capitula with much lesser number of florets and receptacular paleae. The new species A. stenophyllus is rather similar to A. confertus, the most widely distributed species in the genus, but its shrubby habit, glandulose branches, much narrower leaves with glandulose petioles, capitula often isolated or grouped in pairs, longer corollas, and characteristic ecological requirements justified its taxonomic recognition with respect to the latter. The new species are illustrated, and the affinities between the morphologically related species and the two new species are discussed.