Abstract
Syrenia talijevii, an Eastern European threatened endemic species restricted to chalk outcrops, was described in 1936 by Klokov, who also mentioned in the protologue the name Erysimum talijevii. An analysis of the protologue, other publications and taxonomic practice of Klokov demonstrated that he never accepted the name E. talijevii and it was not intended as an alternative one, being mentioned just once as a previously unpublished provisional name or synonym. Consequently, since Syrenia is now submerged in Erysimum, the new combination Erysimum talijevii (Klokov) Mosyakin is proposed. Considerations on what should be regarded an alternative name are provided. It is concluded that a more precise definition of the term “alternative name” and more specific guidelines for recognizing such names are desirable and should be added to the ICN.