Abstract
Gardenia reflexisepala (Rubiaceae) is described from Hainan Province, China based on distinctive morphological characters of the calyx. This new taxon was previously confused with G. angkorensis, an Indo-Chinese taxon to which it is superficially similar based on leaf size, seed size and shape, fruit size and shape and branching architecture. Gardenia reflexisepala differs from G. angkorensis in having linear and strongly reflexed calyx lobes, glabrous outer surface of the calyx tubes and glabrous petioles. Lectoypification of G. angkorensis and G. cambodiana is also made here.