Abstract
Pleroma ceciliana,a new species of Melastomataceae (Melastomeae) from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, is described, illustrated and compared to its putative closest relatives. It is characterized mainly by the stamens dimorphic in size with the appendages covered with stipitate glands, leaf blades with the base rounded and slightly truncate, and 3+2 nerves with the marginal pair 1–2 mm suprabasal.