Molecular phylogeny and phylogeography of Holarctic species of Pluteus section Pluteus (Agaricales: Pluteaceae), with description of twelve new species

Alfredo Justo; Ekaterina Malysheva; Tatiana Bulyonkova; Else C Vellinga; Gerry Cobian; Nhu Nguyen; Andrew M Minnis; David S Hibbett

doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.180.1.1

Issue: Vol. 180 No. 1: 24 September 2014

Type: Monograph

Published: 2014-09-24

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.180.1.1

Page range: 1–85

Abstract views: 17

PDF downloaded: 1

**Molecular phylogeny and phylogeography of Holarctic species of Pluteus section Pluteus (Agaricales: Pluteaceae), with description of twelve new species**

Alfredo Justo⁺⁻
Ekaterina Malysheva⁺⁻
Tatiana Bulyonkova⁺⁻
Else C Vellinga⁺⁻
Gerry Cobian⁺⁻
Nhu Nguyen⁺⁻
Andrew M Minnis⁺⁻
David S Hibbett⁺⁻

1Clark University, Biology Department, 950 Main St., Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, U.S.A

Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popova Str. 2, St Petersburg, RUS-197376, Russia

A. P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Lavrentjev pr., 6, Novosibirsk, RUS-630090, Russia

Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-3102, U.S.A

Botany Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA

Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, USA

USDA-U.S. Forest Service, Center for Forest Mycology Research, One Gifford Pinchot Dr., Madison, Wisconsin 53726, USA

Clark University, Biology Department, 950 Main St., Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, U.S.A

Agaricales Phylogeny new species

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Abstract

The taxonomy and phylogeography of Pluteus section Pluteus in the Holarctic region was investigated using morphological and molecular data. Over 300 specimens spanning the major areas of boreal and temperate forests of the Northern Hemisphere were studied and nrITS and tef1 were obtained for phylogenetic analyses. In order to stabilize the taxonomy of the group all available type collections were studied and, if possible, sequenced. A total of 26 species occurring in Eurasia and North America were recovered in the phylogenetic analyses. Twelve species are described as new (Pluteus rangifer, P. elaphinus, P. hibbettii, P. eos, P. orestes, P. methvenii, P. shikae, P. kovalenkoi, P. leucoborealis, P. sepiicolor, P. oreibatus, P. atrofibrillosus), one is provisionally named (P. parilis) and one variety is raised to species rank (P. americanus). In many cases separation of the species based on morphology alone is challenging. In general, tef1 distinguishes the species better than nrITS. Structured infraspecific genetic variation was detected in the nrITS phylogenies for five species (P. atromarginatus, P. hibbettii, P. orestes, P. primus and P. shikae) and in the tef1 phylogenies for P. cervinus. Phylogeographic patterns are strikingly different among the species in this group and include widespread Holarctic species, exclusively Palearctic, putative disjuncts and endemics in each Holarctic subregion (Eastern/Western Palearctic and Nearctic). Identification keys are provided for each subregion.